SectionA(2d&GF~4c)Unit7

Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.SandyandWuLanarereally________about________thefamouspaintingsbyPicasso.Sandywantstobringhernewcameratotake_______,butitisnot_________totakephotosinthemuseum.Sandythinksthatshemaybeallowedtotakephotos______shedoesn't_______aflash.seeingphotosallowedifuseexcitedCloseyourbookandtrytoretelltheconversation.Review主動語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語之間是_________關(guān)系

被動語態(tài)：表示主語和謂語之間是_________關(guān)系

英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。We

cleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.

主動被動被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)為：be+動詞的過去分詞be有時態(tài)和人稱的變化母親節(jié)每年都被我們慶祝。母親節(jié)去年都被我們慶祝。我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過：一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)Mother'sDayiscelebratedbyuseveryyear.Mother'sDaywascelebratedbyuslastyear.Review一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)is/are+動詞過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態(tài)was/were+動詞過去分詞被動語態(tài)我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)和一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，它們的結(jié)構(gòu)為：時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞一般過去時was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞Whatwillwelearntoday？Idon’tthinksixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.Iagree.Theyaren’tseriousenough.Doyouthinkteenagersshouldbeencouragedtomaketheirowndecisions?No,Idon’tagreewiththis.Teenagersaretooyoungtomaketheirowndecisions.Teenagersshouldnotbeallowedtohavepart-timejobs.Idisagree.Theycanlearnalotfromworking.Doyouthinkwemaybeallowedtotakephotosifwedon’tuseaflash?Ifyoudon’tuseaflash,thenitmaybeOK.GrammarFocusReadthefollowingsentencesandfindoutthecommonfeatures.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)為：情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞;變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r只需要在情態(tài)動詞后加notcan/couldmay/mightwill/wouldshall/shouldmustoughtto1.情態(tài)動詞無時態(tài)和人稱的變化；2.情態(tài)動詞后動詞變回原形。情態(tài)動詞1.定義

含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)用來說明某個被動性動作所反映出的感情和態(tài)度。初中階段的常見情態(tài)動詞有：can,may,need,must,should等。含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)2.構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞eg:Moretreesshouldbeplantedinthe

town.鎮(zhèn)上需要種更多的樹。

Tablescanbemadeofstoneorwood.桌子可以由石頭或木頭制成。句式結(jié)構(gòu)示例肯定句主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by…)Teenagersshouldbeallowedtogoshopping.否定句主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+be+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by…)Thewordcan’tbeusedinthissentence.一般疑問句情態(tài)動詞+主語+be+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by…)?Musttheworkbefinishedtoday?特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動詞+主語+be+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by…)？Whoshouldbeaskedforhelp?3.句式含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)e.g.Manytrees

shouldbeplanted

inthemountains.Thisbook

canbetaken

home.Thisproblem

can’tbeworkedout

veryeasily.Must

thework

befinished

atonce?【拓展】“動詞+名詞+介詞”構(gòu)成的短語動詞(如takecareof,payattentionto等)變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，通常把整個短語當(dāng)作一個及物動詞來處理。e.g.Youshouldpayattentiontoyourhealth.→Yourhealthshouldbepaidattentionto.含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，有如下步驟：（1）把主動句的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z；（2）主動句中的謂語變?yōu)椤扒閼B(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”；（3）主動句的主語在被動句中變?yōu)閎y的賓語；（4）其他成分不變。主動句：Weshouldplanttreesinspring.被動句：Treesshouldbeplantedinspring.4.含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句與被動句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換將下面三個句子改寫成被動語態(tài)。1.Hecleanshisbedroomeveryday.2.Hecleanedhisbedroomyesterday.3.Heshouldcleanhisbedroominthemorning.______________________________________Hisbedroomiscleanedbyhimeveryday.Hisbedroomwascleanedbyhimyesterday.____________________________________________________________________________Hisbedroomshouldbecleanedbyhiminthemorning.一般疑問句:直接將被動語態(tài)的陳述句中的情態(tài)動詞提前。eg:Mustthistaskbefinishedatonce?這項任務(wù)必須立即完成嗎？

注意:

含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句的回答，應(yīng)保留原情態(tài)動詞，但must表“必須”時，其否定回答應(yīng)用needn’t；need表“必要”時，其肯定回答應(yīng)用must。如：—Mustmyexercisebookbehandedinnow?我的練習(xí)本必須現(xiàn)在上交嗎？—Yes,itmust.

是的，必須現(xiàn)在上交。（No,itneedn’t.

不，不必現(xiàn)在上交。）5.句式變換5.句式變換否定句：在情態(tài)動詞后面加上not或never即可，但must表“必要”時否定式為needn’t。eg:Thistaskneedn’tbefinishedatonce.這項任務(wù)沒必要立即完成。特殊疑問句：由特殊疑問詞加上被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句構(gòu)成。eg:Whenmustthistaskbefinished?這項任務(wù)必須在什么時候完成？反意疑問句：借助情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成附加疑問部分。如：eg:Thisbridgecanbebuiltnextyear,can’tit?這座橋明年能建成，是嗎？GrammarFocusCloseyourbookandtrytofillintheblanks.1.我認為十六歲的孩子不應(yīng)該被允許開車。Idon’tthinksixteen-year-olds_____________________todrive.我同意。他們還不夠認真。

Iagree.Theyaren’tseriousenough.shouldbeallowed2.你認為青少年應(yīng)該被鼓勵自己做決定嗎？Doyouthinkteenagers___________________________tomaketheirowndecisions?

不，我不認同這個。青少年還太小不能自己做決定。No,Idon’tagreewiththis.Teenagersare_____________________maketheirowndecisions.shouldbeencouragedtotooyoung3.青少年不應(yīng)該被允許去做兼職。Teenagers____________________________tohavepart-timejobs.

我不同意。他們可以從工作當(dāng)中學(xué)到很多。Idisagree.Theycan_______alot_______working.learnfromshouldnotbeallowed4.你認為如果不用閃光燈的話我們會被允許拍照嗎？Doyouthinkwe_______________________totakephotosifwedon’tuseaflash.

如果不用閃光燈的話，那么拍照是可以的。Ifyoudon’tuseaflash,thenit_________OK.maybeallowedGrammarFocusCloseyourbookandtrytofillintheblanks.maybe含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)易錯點主語+情態(tài)動詞+not+be+done+其他內(nèi)容.易錯點一：表達否定時，“not”接在情態(tài)動詞后。Paperandwater

wastedbypeople.A.willbenotB.willnotbeC.shouldbenotD.shouldnotbe2.In2050,2G

usedintheworld.A.willbenotB.willnotbeC.shouldbenotD.shouldnotbe易錯點二：情態(tài)動詞+

主語+be+done+其他內(nèi)容?疑問句中，情態(tài)動詞后緊跟主語。判斷下列句子是否正確？正確（T）錯誤（F）Shouldclassroombecleanedbystudents?Mustbemyroomcleanedbymyselfnow?Shouldbefoodwastedbypeople?Canthehomeworkbefinishedtomorrow?Canbemoonseenatnight?TFFTF含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)注意事項注意事項一：Youshouldpayattentiontoyourhealth.→Yourhealthshouldbepaid

attentionto.一些動詞短語用被動語態(tài)時，動詞短語應(yīng)視為一個整體，而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。注意事項二：Weshouldmakeourcountrybecomemoreandmorebeautiful.→Ourcountryshouldbemadetobecomemoreandmorebeautiful.make，see，watch，hear，notice，feel等使役動詞和感官動詞在主動語態(tài)中與省略to的動詞不定式連用，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，必須加上to。注意事項三：Thepearsmusttastedelicious.look,sound,taste,smell等系動詞用主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義。

注意事項四：Hisnewbookwillsellwell.

不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見的此類動詞有：cut，sell，read，write，fill，cook，lock，wash，drive，keep等。

注意事項五：含有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移的用法。當(dāng)動詞think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect,feel的主語是第一人稱、謂語動詞為沒有任何副詞修飾的一般現(xiàn)在時，它們的否定式實際上是對賓語從句的否定。表示說話者提出一種委婉的看法或主張。Ithinkthathewillhelpus.—Idon'tthinkthathewillhelpus.

我認為它不會幫助我們。Ibelievethatheisright.—Idon'tbelievethatheisright.

我認為他不對。Isupposethathelikesit.—Idon'tsupposethathelikesit.

我想他不喜歡它。Idon’tthinksixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.應(yīng)該翻譯為：我認為十六歲的孩子們不應(yīng)該被允許開車。

含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的“發(fā)生”takeplace不及物動詞短語發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；舉行（某事）按計劃進行或按計劃發(fā)生happen不及物動詞發(fā)生常指具體事件的發(fā)生，特別指那些偶然的或未能預(yù)見的“發(fā)生”takeplace和happen沒有被動語態(tài)

1.Thefootballmatchwilltakeplacetomorrow.2.

Anaccidentcanhappenanywhere.summary情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)肯：否：一般疑問：情態(tài)動詞+be+done

情態(tài)動詞+not+be+done情態(tài)動詞+主+be+done易錯點1.表達否定時,“not”接在情態(tài)動詞后。2.疑問句中,情態(tài)動詞后緊跟主語。1.而不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。注意事項2.使役動詞和感官動詞，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后必須加上to3.look,sound,taste,smell等系動詞用主動結(jié)構(gòu)表被動意義

4.不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。

表“發(fā)生”takeplacehappen兩者不用于被動1.Youmustcleanyourbedroomeveryday.Yourbedroom________________________.2.Iwilldothehouseworkintheafternoon.Thehousework____________________________.3.Parentswillencouragetheirchildrentodosocialworkfortheircommunity.Children______________________________________

______________________________________________.willbedoneintheafternoonRewritethesentencesaccordingtotheexample.willbeencouraged(bytheirparents)todosocialworkfortheircommunityn.

社區(qū);社團mustbecleanedeveryday4aRewritethesentencesaccordingtotheexample.4a4.DoyouthinkwemustkeepteenagersawayfromtheInternet?Doyouthinkteenagers__________________________________________?5.Parentsshouldgiveteenagerschancestomaketheirowndecisions.Teenagers_____________________________________________.Internetmakeone’sowndecision自己做決定n.機會;可能性keep…awayfrom避免接近;遠離shouldbegivenchancestomaketheirowndecisionsmustbekeptawayfromtheFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.4bShouldteenagers__________(ask)tomoveoutwhentheystartworking?InmanyWesterncountries,teenagers____________(allow)tomoveoutateighteen.Theirparentsbelievethattheyshouldbeeducated

totakecareofthemselvesfromayoungage.Thisway,whenthey________(start)workingtheycanmanagetheirownlives.However,inmostAsiansocieties,itisnotcommonforteenagersto______(move)out.Chineseparentsbelievethatitisbetterforchildrentolivewithparentswhocan__________(take)careofthem.Buttheyoungshouldthenlookaftertheirparentsastheygetolder.ThatiswhymanyChineseadults__________(continue)tolivewiththeirparents.beasked

areallowedstartmovetakecontinuemanagev.完成(困難的事);

應(yīng)付(困難局面)后面常跟名詞、代詞或動詞不定式。managetodosth.設(shè)法做成某事educatev.教育;教導(dǎo)常用結(jié)構(gòu)：educatesb.todosth.

educationn.

教育;培養(yǎng)BrainstormWhatdoyoualwaysdoinanEnglishclub?attendEnglishcorneractivitiesactEnglishplayssingEnglishsongswatchEnglishmoviesreadEnglishnewspaperslistentoEnglishlecturesYouandyourfriendarestartinganEnglishclub.Makealistofrulesaboutwhatshouldandshouldnotbeallowed.4cA:Membersshouldbeallowedtousedictionaries.B:Yes,buttheyshouldonlyuseEnglish-Englishdictionaries.Ⅰ.用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.（2024·白銀）No

matter

how

many

difficulties

we

have,I

believe

all

problems

can

__________（solve）

in

the

end.2.The

music

is

so

loud

that

it

can

_________（hear）

from

a

long

way

away.3.Quick

decisions

have

to

_________（make）

in

such

a

dangerous

situation.4.Something

must________（do）

to

protect

endangered

wild

animals.5.Those

who

helped

the

city

through

the

difficult

time

should

_______________（remember）

forever.be

solvedbe

heardbe

madebe

donebe

rememberedⅡ.按要求完成句子，每空一詞。6.Nobody

can

answer

the

question.（改為同義句）The

question

______

____

_________

by

anybody.can’tbeanswered7.This

project

can

be

finished

in

three

months.（改為一般疑問句）_____

this

project

____

________

in

three

months?Canbefinished8.The

young

trees

should

be

watered

every

day.（改為否定句）The

young

trees

_________

____

________

every

day.shouldn’tbewatered9.You

can’t

lend

the

book

to

others.（改為被動語態(tài)）The

book

______

____

_____

to

others.can’tbelent10.The

lights

should

be

turned

off

when

you

leave

the

classroom.（改為主動語態(tài)）You

_______

_____

____

the

lights

when

you

leave

the

classroom.shouldturnoffⅢ.根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子，每空一詞。11.這些衣服必須手洗嗎？______

these

clothes

____

________

by

hand?Mustbewashed12.我們周圍的環(huán)境應(yīng)該得到很好的保護。The

environment

around

us

_______

____

_________

well.shouldbeprotected13.會議開始前，我們的手機必須被關(guān)掉。Our

mobile

phones

______

____

_______

____

before

the

meeting

starts.mustbeturnedoff14.青少年應(yīng)該被給予一些自己做決定的機會。Teenagers

should

____

______

________

to

______

_____

_____

_________.begivenchancesmaketheirowndecisions15.應(yīng)該鼓勵孩子們到外面去親近大自然嗎？_______

children

____

___________

___

____

outside

and

be

close

to

nature?ShouldbeencouragedtogoⅣ.用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。manage

educate

societycommunity

chance16.How

__________

children

is

a

problem

for

parents.17.There

is

a

library

in

one

of

these

____________，isn’t

there?18.As

an

old

saying

goes，“The

_______is

always

for

those

who

are

well-prepared.”to

educatecommunitieschance19.In

modern

_______，the

Internet

is

becoming

more

and

more

important.society20.—I

am

stressed

out.

I

have

stayed

up

late

the

whole

week.—You’d

better

________

your

time

and

have

things

organized.manageⅤ.用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。talk

back

keep

away

from

take

good

care

ofmake

one’s

own

decision

move

out21.I

regret

____________，not

listening

to

Mom.22.Now

many

teenagers

think

they

are

old

enough

to

__________________________.23.My

old

neighbor

felt

very

lonely

after

his

children

___________.24.Do

you

think

teenagers

should

________________the

Internet?25.Health

is

more

important

than

wealth,so

we

must

_________________ourselves.talking

back

make

their

own

decisionsmoved

outkeep

away

fromtake

good

care

ofⅥ.語法填空。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式。

My

family

members

have

a

close

relationship

because

our

family

has

some

rules.

◆Family

Dinners

My

mother

makes

it

26.___

rule

that

everyone

should

sit

dow