初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)沖刺練習(xí)題初中階段的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是構(gòu)建語(yǔ)言能力的核心骨架，從詞法到句法的系統(tǒng)掌握，直接影響閱讀、寫(xiě)作與交際的準(zhǔn)確性。這份專項(xiàng)沖刺練習(xí)題，聚焦中考核心語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，通過(guò)“知識(shí)點(diǎn)精梳+分層訓(xùn)練”的形式，幫助同學(xué)們?cè)诙虝r(shí)間內(nèi)查漏補(bǔ)缺、強(qiáng)化應(yīng)用能力。以下模塊涵蓋名詞、代詞、冠詞、形容詞副詞、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)、從句及句型轉(zhuǎn)換等關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，建議結(jié)合自身薄弱點(diǎn)針對(duì)性練習(xí)，每完成一個(gè)模塊后對(duì)照解析（文末附簡(jiǎn)要解析思路）復(fù)盤(pán)提升。一、名詞的數(shù)與格核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：可數(shù)名詞：規(guī)則變化（如`box→boxes`）、不規(guī)則變化（如`man→men`）；集體名詞表“整體”為單數(shù)、表“成員”為復(fù)數(shù)（如`family`）。不可數(shù)名詞：物質(zhì)/抽象名詞（如`water`、`advice`），需借助“數(shù)詞+量詞+of”表量（如`apieceofpaper`）。名詞所有格：有生命的用“’s”（`Jim’sbook`），無(wú)生命的用“of”（`thedooroftheroom`）；共同所有（`JimandTom’sroom`）與分別所有（`Jim’sandTom’srooms`）需區(qū)分。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.用所給名詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Therearetwo______(knife)onthetable.The______(child)areplayinginthepark.I’dlikesome______(bread)andaglassof______(juice).2.選擇正確的所有格形式：Thisis______(LucyandLily)bedroom.Theseare______(Lucy’sandLily’s)books.The______(teacher)officeisonthesecondfloor.二、代詞的分類與運(yùn)用核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：人稱代詞：主格（`I/you/he`）作主語(yǔ)，賓格（`me/you/him`）作賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)。物主代詞：形容詞性（`my/your`）后接名詞，名詞性（`mine/yours`）=形容詞性+名詞（如`Thisbookismine.`）。反身代詞：`oneself`形式（如`myself`），常與`by`（獨(dú)自）、`enjoy`（玩得開(kāi)心）等搭配。不定代詞：`some`（肯定/請(qǐng)求）與`any`（否定/疑問(wèn)）；`both`（兩者都）、`neither`（兩者都不）、`either`（兩者之一）；`all`（三者及以上都）、`none`（三者及以上都不）。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空：______(I)sisterisadoctor.______(She)worksinahospital.Thebookis______(he).______(I)isonthedesk.Help______(you)tosomefruit,kids.2.選擇填空：______ofthetwinslikesplayingfootball.(A.BothB.NeitherC.All)Thereisn’t______waterintheglass.(A.someB.anyC.many)Ihavetwopens.______ofthemisred.(A.BothB.AllC.Either)三、冠詞的用法辨析核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：不定冠詞`a/an`：`a`（輔音音素開(kāi)頭，如`abook`）、`an`（元音音素開(kāi)頭，如`anapple`），表“一個(gè)”。定冠詞`the`：表特指（`thebookonthedesk`）、獨(dú)一無(wú)二（`thesun`）、樂(lè)器前（`playthepiano`）、序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)前（`thefirst`）。零冠詞：三餐（`havebreakfast`）、球類（`playbasketball`）、學(xué)科（`studyChinese`）、星期月份（`onMonday`）等場(chǎng)景。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.用`a/an/the`或“/”填空：Iwanttobuy______umbrella.______umbrellaisblue.Sheplays______pianoeveryevening.Butshedoesn’tlikeplaying______football.______Smithsarehavingdinnernow.Wehave______lunchat12:00and______supperat6:00.2.選擇填空：Thereis______“h”intheword“hour”.(A.aB.anC.the)______earthmovesaround______sun.(A.The;theB.An;aC./;/)Heis______universitystudent.Hestudies______history.(A.a;/B.an;theC.the;a)四、形容詞與副詞的比較等級(jí)核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：原級(jí)：`as+原級(jí)+as`（和…一樣）；`notas/so+原級(jí)+as`（不如…）。比較級(jí)：兩者比較，`+er`（`long→longer`）或`more+多音節(jié)詞`（`morebeautiful`）；`much/alittle`修飾比較級(jí)（`muchfaster`）。最高級(jí)：三者及以上比較，`+est`（`short→shortest`）或`most+多音節(jié)詞`（`mostinteresting`）；`the+最高級(jí)+in/of`（`thetallestinclass`）。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Tomis______(tall)thanJim,butJimis______(strong)thanTom.Thisbookis______(interesting)ofthethree.Sheruns______(fast)thananyotherstudentinherclass.2.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：LucyisasoldasLily.→Lucyis______age______Lily.Thisroomisbiggerthanthatone.→Thatroomis____________thisone.3.選擇填空：Whichis______,thesunorthemoon?(A.bigB.biggerC.biggest)Sheis______inherclass.(A.thetallestB.tallestC.taller)Thisfilmis______thanthatone.(A.muchinterestingB.moreinterestingC.interesting)五、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)（核心時(shí)態(tài)梳理）核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表習(xí)慣（`often`）、真理（`Theearthgoesaroundthesun`）；三單主語(yǔ)（`he/she/it`）動(dòng)詞加`s/es`。一般過(guò)去時(shí)：表過(guò)去動(dòng)作，動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式（規(guī)則`+ed`/不規(guī)則如`go→went`）；時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（`yesterday`）。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：`be(am/is/are)+doing`，表現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行（`now/look/listen`）。一般將來(lái)時(shí)：`will+原形`（將來(lái)）；`begoingto+原形`（計(jì)劃/跡象）。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：`have/has+過(guò)去分詞`，表“影響”（`already/yet`）或“持續(xù)”（`for+段/since+點(diǎn)`）。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Heoften______(play)basketballafterschool.Butyesterdayhe______(play)football.Listen!Someone______(sing)inthenextroom.We______(visit)theGreatWallnextmonth.She______(live)inBeijingforfiveyears.2.選擇填空：I______myhomeworkyet.(A.haven’tfinishedB.didn’tfinishC.don’tfinish)They______totheparkyesterday.(A.goB.wentC.willgo)Look!Thechildren______kitesinthepark.(A.flyB.areflyingC.flew)Ifit______tomorrow,we’llstayathome.(A.rainB.rainsC.willrain)六、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（不定式與動(dòng)名詞）核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：不定式（`to+原形`）：作主語(yǔ)（`TolearnEnglishisimportant`）、賓語(yǔ)（`wanttodo`）、賓補(bǔ)（`asksb.todo`）、目的狀語(yǔ)（`toseeme`）。動(dòng)名詞（`v-ing`）：作主語(yǔ)（`Swimmingisfun`）、賓語(yǔ)（`enjoydoing`）、表語(yǔ)（`Hishobbyisreading`）。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：Iwant______(go)tothemovieswithmyfriends.Sheenjoys______(listen)tomusic.It’simportant______(learn)aforeignlanguage.Let’s______(play)basketballafterschool.2.選擇填空：Hedecided______anewbike.(A.buyB.tobuyC.buying)Mymotherisgoodat______dumplings.(A.makeB.makingC.tomake)Theteacheraskedus______quietinclass.(A.beB.tobeC.being)七、賓語(yǔ)從句的基本用法核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：連接詞：`that`（陳述句，可?。if/whether`（是否）、特殊疑問(wèn)詞（`what/where`）。語(yǔ)序：陳述語(yǔ)序（連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）。時(shí)態(tài)：主句現(xiàn)從隨，主句過(guò)從過(guò)（真理除外，如`theearthgoes`）。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.把下列句子改為賓語(yǔ)從句：Hesaid,“Iamastudent.”→Hesaid____________astudent.“DoyoulikeEnglish?”Sheaskedme.→Sheaskedme______I______English.“Wheredoesshelive?”Heasked.→Heasked______she______.2.選擇填空：Shetoldme______shehadfinishedherhomework.(A.thatB.ifC.where)Theteachersaidthattheearth______aroundthesun.(A.goB.goesC.went)八、句型轉(zhuǎn)換專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)：否定句：`be`后加`not`；實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前加`don’t/doesn’t/didn’t`（動(dòng)詞還原）。一般疑問(wèn)句：`be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞`提前，一二人稱互換。特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序。同義句：同義詞/短語(yǔ)替換（如`spend…on=pay…for`；`too…to=so…that…not`）。針對(duì)性練習(xí)題：1.改為否定句：Heisateacher.→He______ateacher.Theyplayfootballeveryday.→They____________footballeveryday.Shewenttoschoolyesterday.→She____________toschoolyesterday.2.改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作回答：HecanspeakEnglish.→______he______English?→Yes,he______./No,he______.Theyhavelunchatschool.→______they______lunchatschool?→Yes,they______./No,they______.3.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：Sheistenyearsold.→____________isshe?Hegoestoschoolbybike.→____________he______toschool?Iboughtabookyesterday.→____________you______yesterday?4.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：Hespenttwohoursonhishomework.→It______himtwohours____________hishomework.Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.→Theboxis______heavy______Ican’tcarryit.Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschool.→Sheis