專(zhuān)題02說(shuō)明文&議論文閱讀

（2025·湖南）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Whatareinsects(昆蟲(chóng))likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?Insectsareveryinterestinganimals.

Theymaybesmall,buttheyaresmartandhard-working.Scientistshavestudieddifferentkindsofinsectsvery

closely.Accordingtotheirstudies,eventhesmallestinsectshavetoolstohelpdotheirwork.

Haveyoueverseenalittleflycalledasawfly?Itgetssuchanamebecauseithasasaw(鋸子)thatisusedon

plantstocreateasafespaceforitseggs.Afterlayingitseggs,thesawflymakessomeglue.Thegluefixestheeggs

towheretheyarelaid.

Anotherinsectthathasitsownnaturaltoolisthepoppybee(蜂).Thebeesliveinwood.Likepeoplewho

makethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthe

nesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescatoutpiecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.They

thenjointhepiecestogetherandputthemintothenest.

Antsarealsoknownfortheircleveruseofnaturaltools.Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowaterso

thattheytakeinthewater.Thentheantscarrythembacktotheirnests.Therearemoreinsectsthananyotherliving

thingsintheworld.Everyinsectisspecial.Themoreyounoticethem,themoretheywillsurpriseyou.

1.Howdoesthewriterstartthetopic?

A.Byaskingquestions.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bymakingcomparisons.

2.Whatcanweknowaboutpoppybeesfromparagraph3?

A.Theycleantheirnestswithbigleaves.

B.Theypotpiecesofleavesaroundnests.

C.Theydignestsbeforecuttingoutleaves.

3.Whichofthefollowinguseleavestotakeinwateraccordingtothetext?

A.Sawflies.B.Poppybees.C.Ants.

4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.InsectsandToolsB.AnimalsandEggsC.PlantsandLeaves

【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.A

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了昆蟲(chóng)如何使用工具，如鋸蠅的鋸子、罌粟蜂的挖巢工具以及螞蟻利用樹(shù)葉吸

水等。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatareinsects(昆蟲(chóng))likeinyoureyes?Haveyouevernoticedthem?”可知，作者

是通過(guò)提問(wèn)的方式引入話題。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Likepeoplewhomakethingsoutofwood,poppybeesusespecialtoolstodignests(巢

穴)outofwood.Theydigandcleanoutthenesttomakeitreadyforuse.Whenallisready,poppybeescutout

piecesofleavesintheshapeofanest.”可知，罌粟蜂在挖好巢穴后才開(kāi)始切割樹(shù)葉。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Forexample,theydroppiecesofleavesintowatersothattheytakeinthewater.Then

theantscarrythembacktotheirnests.”可知，螞蟻利用樹(shù)葉吸水。故選C。

4.最佳標(biāo)題題。全文主要介紹了昆蟲(chóng)如何使用工具，如鋸蠅的鋸子、罌粟蜂的挖巢工具以及螞蟻利用

樹(shù)葉吸水等。因此最佳標(biāo)題應(yīng)為“昆蟲(chóng)與工具”。故選A。

（2025長(zhǎng)沙）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Onemorning,Istoppedatmyfavoriterestauranttogetsomethingtoeatandgotcomfortableatasmalltable.

Shortlyafter,Inoticedfouryoungpeoplesittingatatablenearme.Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,

theyalllookedattheirphonesandcontinuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.Afterphotographingtheirfood,

theyate,continuingtolookattheirphones.Iwaswonderingwhytheycameheretoeattogether.Theywere

phubbing,orphonesnubbing(冷落),averycommonproblemthesedays.

Youmaynotknowtheword“phubbing”,butthiskindofactisnotstrangetoyou.Infact,32%ofpeople

reportthattheyarephubbedtwoorthreetimesaday.

Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?Doyouscroll(上下

滑動(dòng))throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?Ifyouranswerisyestoeitherof

them,youmightbea“phubber”.

ThewriterofThePsychologyofPhubbingdidasurveyandfoundthattheinfluenceofphubbingon

relationshipscanbeveryharmfulordestructive.Forexample,childrenfeltthatparentswhophubbedthemdidn’t

careaboutthem.Thisledtoafeelingofbeingleftout.Also,partnerswhowerephubbedmightbelesssatisfied

withtherelationshipbecauseofjealousy(嫉妒)andworries.

Phubbingisalearnedact,sounlearningitispossible.Startbyacceptingtheproblem.Setatimelimit(限制)

fornotusingyourphone.Createareaswherephonesareoff-limits.

Don’tletthemoderntechnologywhichisdesigned(設(shè)計(jì))tobringpeopletogetherseparateyoufromothers.

5.Whatdidthefouryoungpeoplekeepdoingbeforetheirordersarrived?

A.Greetingeachother.B.Lookingattheirphones.C.Photographingtheirfood.

6.Howdoesthewriterintroducetheword“phubber”inParagraph3?

A.Byraisingquestions.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bygivingreasons.

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“destructive”inParagraph4mean?

A.微乎其微的B.積極正向的C.有破壞性的

8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.Towarnpeopleagainstphubbing.

B.Toshowhowphonesbringpeoplecloser.

C.Topresenttheadvantagesofmoderntechnology.

【答案】5.B6.A7.C8.A

【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了低頭族現(xiàn)象和“phubbing”這個(gè)詞的來(lái)源，并倡導(dǎo)人們減少使用手機(jī)的時(shí)間

去做其他有意義的事情。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Aftersimplygreetingeachotherandordering,theyalllookedattheirphonesand

continuedtodosountiltheirordersarrived.”可知，幾個(gè)人一直在盯著手機(jī)看，故選B。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Doyouhaveaconversationonyourphonewhiletalkingtoanotherpersonfacetoface?

Doyouscroll(上下滑動(dòng))throughyourphonewhileeatingwithsomeoneforfearofmissingout?”可知，作者在第

三段通過(guò)提出問(wèn)題介紹“phubber”這個(gè)詞。故選A。

7.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“...foundthattheinfluenceofphubbingonrelationshipscanbeveryharmfulor

destructive”可知，此處destructive與“harmful”語(yǔ)意相近，故選C。

8.主旨大意題。本文介紹了低頭族現(xiàn)象和“phubbing”這個(gè)詞的來(lái)源，并倡導(dǎo)人們減少使用手機(jī)的時(shí)間

去做其他有意義的事情。故選A。

（2025長(zhǎng)沙）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

IusedtoteachEnglishasavolunteerinAfrica.Someofmyfriendsaskedme,“Don’tyoumissyourhome,

Emily?”ItoldthemIwastheonlychildinmyfamilyandItrulyhadaneasylifeathome.However,Igotboredof

havinga“good”timeathomeandneededachange.

ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach.Iwassurprisedathowsmarttheywere.

Talkingwiththemmademethinkalot.Whenyoucomefromapoorarea,youmustgrowupfastanddealwithall

kindsofdifficultsituations.

VolunteeringhasalwaysbeeneasyformebecauseIdon’tliketodothesamethingseveryday.Myjobalso

givesmethefreedomtochoosewhenandwhereIwork.AlthoughIdon’tgetpaidforvolunteering,I’moldenough

toknowthatmoneyisnottheonlywaytogetrewarded(回報(bào)).Theexperienceitselfispriceless.Imakelotsof

connectionswithgoodpeople.Also,whenIvolunteer,IoftenworkwithpeoplewhoareworseoffthanIam.That

hastaughtmetopracticethankfulnessforwhatIhave.Believeme,thislifelessonisworthamilliondollars.

Iamnotaperfectperson.Inasense,IthinkI’mselfish(自私的).Butyoudon’thavetobeaperfect,selfless

persontovolunteer.Infact,Ihavebenefited(受益)alotfromvolunteering.Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcan

alsohelpyourself,too.Thebiggestbenefitofvolunteeringisthatithelpsyoudevelopyourcharacter(品質(zhì)),and

that’sthepassporttoarichandmeaningfullife.

9.WhydidEmilyvolunteerinAfrica?

A.Shelivedareallydifficultlifeathome.

B.Shehopedtolearnanewlanguagethere.

C.Shewantedtoexperiencesomethingnew.

10.HowweretheAfricankidsinEmily’seyesinParagraph2?

A.Quiteteachable.B.Hardtodealwith.C.Boredoflearning.

11.WhatdoesEmilygetfromhervolunteeringexperience?

A.Thefreedomtochooseawell-paidjob.

B.Thechancetoconnectwithgoodpeoplealot.

C.Theabilitytoexpressthanksforwhatshehaslost.

12.WhichofthefollowingwouldEmilymostprobablyagreewith?

A.Useitorloseit.B.Oldhabitsdiehard.C.Givingisreceiving.

【答案】9.C10.A11.B12.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了Emily作為一名志愿者在非洲教授英語(yǔ)的經(jīng)歷。

9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,Igotboredofhavinga‘good’timeathomeandneededachange.”可知Emily

在非洲做志愿者是因?yàn)樗齾捑肓嗽诩依锏摹懊篮谩睍r(shí)光，需要一些改變，即她想體驗(yàn)一些新的事物。故選C。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThekidsfromAfricawereeager(渴望的)tolearnandeasytoteach”可知在Emily

眼中，非洲的孩子們渴望學(xué)習(xí)，很容易教。故選A。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Imakelotsofconnectionswithgoodpeople.”可知Emily從她的志愿者經(jīng)歷中得到

了很多與好人建立聯(lián)系的機(jī)會(huì)。故選B。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Volunteeringhelpsothers,anditcanalsohelpyourself,too”可知Emily認(rèn)為做志愿

者既能幫助別人，也能幫助自己，即付出就是收獲。故選C。

（2024·湖南）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Headphonesarehelpful.Manykidsusethem.Butheadphonescanbeharmful,too.Theycancausehearing

lossifthevalue（音量）istooloud.StudiesshowthatoneoutofeverytenkidsintheUnitedStateshassome

hearingloss.Thecauseisloudnoise.

Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（細(xì)胞）insidetheearsthathelpushear.Wecan'tseethemwithour

eyes."Wecallthemhaircell,"JackieClarksaid."Theylooklikehairsstandingup."Clarkisascientistatthe

UniversityofTexas.Shestudiesnoisesandears.Soundcannotbeseen,butilcanmakethehaircellsmoveback

andforward.Thinkofthewindintheleaves.

Loudnoisescandamage（損傷）thesecells.Andoncethecellsaredamaged，theydon'tgrowback.Sometimes,

there'stinnitus."It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（長(zhǎng)笛）foralongtime."Clarksays.Itshowswe're

losinghearing.Tinnitusisnotonlyharmfultoourears,alsoitcanmakeusfeeluneasy.That'swhyit'snecessaryto

protectourears.

Howcanweprotectourears?We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.Weshouldbe

abletohearsoundsaroundus.Andotherpeopleshouldn'thearnoisefromourheadphones."IfIcanhearwhat

you'relisteningtowhenyou'rewearingyourheadphones,"Clarksays,"It'stooloud."Toprotectourears,keepour

headphonesatabouthalfvolume.

13．Whatcanweknowabouthaircells?

A．Theyhelpushear.

B．Theylooklikehairslyingdown.

C．Theycanbeseenclearlywithoureyes.

14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tinnitus"meaninparagraph3

A．Amusicalvoice.

B．Akindofinstrument.

C．Ringinginears.

15．What'sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?

A．Togiveadvice.

B．Toshowproblems.

C．Toexplainreasons.

16．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A．Beforelisteningtomusic,chooseagoodheadphone.

B．Whenusingaheadphone,keepthevolumelow.

C．Afterusingaheadphone,checkyourcars.

【答案】13．A14．C15．A16．B

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文；細(xì)節(jié)理解；推理判斷；文章大意

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要說(shuō)明當(dāng)我們使用耳機(jī)時(shí)，要將音量調(diào)低以保護(hù)耳朵。

13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells（細(xì)胞）insidetheearsthathelpus

hear，…Wecan'tseethemwithoureyes."Wecallthemhaircell"，你知道我們是如何聽(tīng)到聲音的嗎？耳朵里有

細(xì)胞幫助我們聽(tīng)到聲音……我們無(wú)法用眼睛看到它們。"我們稱(chēng)它們?yōu)槊?xì)胞"，可知"毛細(xì)胞"是幫助我們聽(tīng)

到聲音的一種細(xì)胞，答案是Theyhelpushear。故選A。

14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文"It'slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute（長(zhǎng)笛）foralongtime."就像有

人在笛子上長(zhǎng)時(shí)間吹奏一個(gè)音符一樣，以及"Itshowswe'relosinghearing"這表明我們正在喪失聽(tīng)力，可知這

是對(duì)前一句"Sometimes，there'stinnitus."的解釋。所以的意思是"耳鳴"。答案是tinnitus。故選C。

15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文"Howcanweprotectourears？We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseour

headphones.…"我們?nèi)绾伪Ｗo(hù)我們的耳朵？使用耳機(jī)時(shí)最好將音量調(diào)低，可知對(duì)"如何保護(hù)我們的耳朵"提出

建議，答案是Togiveadvice..故選A。

16．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Headphonesarehelpful…Butheadphonescanbeharmful，too"耳機(jī)很有

用……但耳機(jī)也可能有害；第三段"Loudnoisescandamage（損傷）thesecells"巨大的噪音會(huì)損害這些細(xì)胞；

第四段"We'dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones."使用耳機(jī)時(shí)最好把音量調(diào)低，可知文章

通過(guò)舉例主要說(shuō)明當(dāng)我們使用耳機(jī)時(shí)，要將音量調(diào)低以保護(hù)耳朵。故選B。

（2024·湖南）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Wouldyoubeabletosleepwithoneeyeopen?Bottlenosedolphins（寬吻海豚）can.Whentheysleep,only

halfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe.Halfoftheirbrainsleepsforabouttwo

hoursbeforetheotherhalfoftheirbraingetsaChancetosleep.Sometimes,thedolphinswillkeepswimming

whiletheyaresleeping.

Dolphinsarenotfish-theyaremammals（哺乳動(dòng)物）.Thesemammalshavelungs（肺）.Andtheydon'thave

gul（l腮）likefish.Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotothesurfaceofthewaterlogetairintotheirlungs.

Dolphinsdon'tlayeggsTheiryoungarebornalive,andtheydrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.

Dolphinsareoneofthesmartestanimalsintheworld.Therearemanystoriesabouthowtheysavepeopleout

ofwater.Theyareabletosolvemanyproblemslikehumans.Theycanevenusetoolstocatchfish.Buttheir

clevernessdoesn'tendthere.Dolphinscanalsopassonanythingtheylearntootherdolphins,likeinteresting

fishingskills.Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.

Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound.Anotherthing

thatshowstheirclevernessisthattheycanalsoknowthemselvesinamirror（鏡子）andcheckdifferentpartsof

theirbodyinit.

17．Whydobottlenosedolphinssleepwithoneeyeopen?

A．Tostaysafe.

B．Tosleepfortwohours.

C．Toswimfaster.

18．Whatcanwelearnaboutdolphinsfromparagraph2?

A．Theyusegillstogetair.

B．Theyarewarm-blooded.

C．Theylayeggslikefish.

19．Howdodolphinstalktoeachother?

A．Bylearningfishingskills.

B．Byusingdifferentsounds.

C．Bycheckingtheirbodies.

20．Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagebetakenfrom?

A．Art.B．Health.C．Nature.

【答案】17．A18．B19．B20．C

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文；常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)物及其生活環(huán)境；動(dòng)物養(yǎng)殖；細(xì)節(jié)理解；推理判斷

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹介紹了海豚的生活習(xí)性。

17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文"Whentheysleep，onlyhalfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeye

opentostaysafe."當(dāng)他們睡覺(jué)時(shí)，只有一半的大腦處于睡眠狀態(tài)。他們睡覺(jué)時(shí)會(huì)睜著一只眼睛以保證安全，

可知海豚睜著一只眼睛睡覺(jué)時(shí)為了保證安全。故選A。

18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文"Theyarealsowarm-blooded"它們也是溫血?jiǎng)游?，可知海豚是溫血?jiǎng)游?。?/p>

案是Theyarewarm-blooded。故選B。

19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文"Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundsto

talktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe"voices"ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhich

sound."它們用多種方式相互交流。它們用不同的聲音相互交談。海豚知道其他海豚的"聲音"，甚至知道誰(shuí)在

發(fā)出哪種聲音"，可知海豚用不同的聲音相互交談。答案是Byusingdifferentsounds。故選B。

20．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知這是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了海豚的生活習(xí)性，所以文章可能出自自然雜

志。故選C。

（2024·長(zhǎng)沙）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.

Sincethen,ithasenjoyedworldwidepopularity.

Thegreatmusicalworkincludesfourparts:"Spring","Summer","Autumn"and‘‘Winter".Eachpartbringsto

mindtheseasonitismeanttodescribe."Summer",forexample,beginsslowly.Listenerscaneasilypictureahot,

lazysummerdaywhennobodywantstomove.Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收獲)celebrationwill

readilycometomind.

Butnow,HacheCosta,amusicdirectorinSpain,hasdecidedtogivetheoldworkafreshfeel.Hesaysthe

climate(氣候)todayisverydifferentfromwhatitwasinthe1700s.TheFourSeasonswouldbe"alotdirtier"ifit

werewrittennow.

Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthemodernworld.The‘"updated"

musicalworkhasbeenplayedinMadrid,Spain.Theperformancetakesplaceinfrontofascreen.Asthemusicians

play,avideoshowstheeffects(影響)ofclimatechange,suchasforestfiresandunusuallydryweather.

Afterenjoyingit,peoplefindthenew"Summer"nowsoundsnoisierandmorepowerful.Becauseofglobal

warming(全球變暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecomeshorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"

afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons.

"Ireallywantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意識(shí)到)whatishappeningtoourplanet,"saysCosta.

"AndIbelieveVivaldiwouldnotbeangrywithmychanges."

21．WhatdoweknowaboutTheFourSeasons?

A．Itisstillunpopularnow.

B．ItwaswrittenbyHacheCosta.

C．Itwasfirstplayedabout300yearsago.

22．Whatwillcometomindwhenwelistentotheold"Autumn"accordingtothepassage?

A．Forestfiresanddryweather.

B．Aharvestcelebration.

C．Ahotlazyday.

23．Whichisclosetotheunderlinedword"updated"inmeaninginParagraph4?

A．提上日程B．追根溯源C．賦予新意

24．WhydidHacheCostagivetheoldworkafreshfeel?

A．Tocallonmorepeopletolovemusic.

B．Toraisepublicawarenessofclimatechange.

C．TopresentthestoryofAntonioVivaldi'scolorfullife.

【答案】21．C22．B23．C24．B

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文；音樂(lè)作品賞析與文化價(jià)值；細(xì)節(jié)理解；推理判斷；詞義猜測(cè)

【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹意大利音樂(lè)家創(chuàng)作了《四季》，現(xiàn)在西班牙音樂(lè)總監(jiān)哈奇·科斯塔決定

給這部老作品賦予一種新鮮感，他希望更多的人真正意識(shí)到氣候變化的影響。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。首先通讀全文，了解全文大意，其次分析問(wèn)題，抓住問(wèn)題關(guān)鍵詞，在文中尋找相

關(guān)信息，確定答案，最后再檢查一遍，確保答案正確。

21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段TheFourSeasons,writtenbytheItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi,wasfirst

playedabout300yearsago可知，意大利音樂(lè)家安東尼奧·維瓦爾第創(chuàng)作的《四季》首次演奏是在大約300年

前，故選C。

22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Whenyoulistento"Autumn",aharvest(收獲)celebrationwillreadilycometo

mind.可知，當(dāng)你聽(tīng)到"秋天"時(shí)，你會(huì)很容易想到豐收的慶祝，故選B。

23．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段Costahas"updated"themusicalworktomakeitmatchtherealitiesofthe

modernworld.可知，Costa重新創(chuàng)作了這部音樂(lè)作品，使其符合現(xiàn)代世界的現(xiàn)實(shí)，這是給這部音樂(lè)作品"賦

予新意"，故選C。

24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段Becauseofglobalwarming(全球變暖),theotherthreeseasonshavebecome

shorter.Costasaysheexpectspeopletofeel"reallysad"afterlisteningtothenewFourSeasons.和第六段lreally

wantmorepeopletobecometrulyawareof(意識(shí)到)whatishappeningtoourplanet.可知，由于全球變暖，其他

三個(gè)季節(jié)變短了。Costa說(shuō)，他預(yù)計(jì)人們?cè)诼?tīng)了新的《四季》之后會(huì)感到"非常難過(guò)"。作者希望更多的人真

正意識(shí)到我們的星球正在發(fā)生什么。由此可知，Costa給老作品帶來(lái)新鮮感是為了提高公眾對(duì)氣候變化的認(rèn)

識(shí)，故選B。

（2024·長(zhǎng)沙）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucan'tfindthetimetodoalongworkout?Haveyouheardofexercisesnacks

(零食式鍛煉)?

Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayforpeopletostayfit.Insteadofspendinghoursonthe

playground,peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlastanywherefrom20

secondstotwominutes.Thenyoucanhavearestfor30minutestofourhoursbeforeanothersnack.

Itisreportedthatexercisesnackscanbeasusefulastraditionalexercisemethods.Justthreeexercisesnacksa

daycanbenefit(使受益)yourphysicalhealth.Besidesthat,therearelotsofotherbenefits.Yourconcentration(專(zhuān)

注力)andcreativitygetbetter,andyoucanbecomemoreproductive.Also,"snacking"throughoutthedaystops

youfromsittingtoolong.

Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumpingropeorrunningupanddownsome

stairs(樓梯).Butforthosewhodon'tknowwheretostart,herearesomehelpfulexercisechoices:

Exercisessuchasliftingweightswillsatisfytheneeds.Sincemostpeopledon'tkeepweightsattheiroffices,

liftfullwaterbottles.

Squats(深蹲)—movingyourbodyasiftositdownwhilekeepingyourbackstraight.Fivetotenofthese

shouldmakeagoodsnack.

Forthosewhodon'tliketraditionalexercises,simplyturnupthemusic.Pickalivelysongandstartdancing.

It'llmakeforafunworkout.

Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankyouforit!

25．Howlongcananexercisesnacklastaccordingtothepassage?

A．20secondstotwominutes.

B．30minutestofourhours.

C．Fivetotenminutes.

26．Whichisanacceptableexercisesnackmentionedinthepassage?

A．Doingmathexercises.

B．Eatingsnacks.

C．Doingsit-ups.

27．Whatisthewriter'sattitude(態(tài)度)toexercisesnacks?

A．Doubtful.B．Unclear.C．Supportive.

28．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A．Tochangetraditionaleatinghabits.

B．Tointroduceaninventivenewwaytostayfit.

C．Toencouragepeopletodolong-timeoutdoorexercise.

【答案】25．A26．C27．C28．B

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】說(shuō)明文；健康與健身；細(xì)節(jié)理解；推理判斷

【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了零食式鍛煉。

25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中peoplebreakthat"largemeal"intoexercise"snacks".Theseexercisescanlast

anywherefrom20secondstotwominutes.可知零食式鍛煉可持續(xù)20秒至2分鐘，故選A。

26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Therearesomanyacceptableexercisesnacks,likedoingsit-ups,jumping

ropeorrunningupanddownsomestairs.可知，做仰臥起坐是文中提到的一種可接受的零食式鍛煉，故選C。

27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Whatareyouwaitingfor?Let'sgetmoving.Yourbodywillthankforit!可

知，作者呼吁大家行動(dòng)起來(lái)，他認(rèn)為零食式鍛煉對(duì)身體有好處，故選C。

28．寫(xiě)作意圖題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段中的Exercisesnacksareapopularandinventivenewwayfor

peopletostayfit.和最后一段中的Yourbodywillthankforit!可知，本文主要介紹了一種讓人們保持健康的新

方式——零食式鍛煉，故選B。

（2023·懷化）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)tool.ItisdevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI.Itisverypopular

allovertheworld.Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTtohelpwiththeirhomework.

Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.

SomeschoolsintheUS,AustraliaandFrancedon'tuseChatGPT.TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeit

easierforstudentstocheat(作弊)onhomework.SomepeoplealsoworrythatChatGPTcouldbeusedtogive

wronginformation.

However,notallschoolssay"no"toChatGPT.SomeCanadianschoolsaremakingdecisionsonitsusefor

bothstudentsandteachers.TheywillnotstoptheuseofChatGPT.BhaskarVira,ateacherattheschoolin

Cambridge,saidthatnotusingChatGPTisnotclever."WehavetoknowthatpeoplewillgetusedtoanAItoolin

ourlearning,teachingandexaminations,"hetoldaschoolnewspaper.

29．ChatGPTisa____AIchatbottool.

A．strangeB．uselessC．smart

30．WhatcanChatGPTdo?

A．Flykites.B．Cookfood.C．Writestories.

31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A．ChatGPTwasdevelopedbyCanada.

B．ChatGPTcanhelpwithhomework.

C．AllschoolsinFranceuseChatGPT.

32．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．ChatGPT

B．AUselessTool

C．TheHistoryofAI

【答案】29．C30．C31．B32．A

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類(lèi)；說(shuō)明文；細(xì)節(jié)理解；標(biāo)題選擇；人工智能（AI）

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了ChatGPT的好處以及不利之處。

29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段句子"ChatGPTisasmartAIchatbot(聊天機(jī)器人)tool."可知，ChatGPT

是一款智能AI聊天機(jī)器人工具，故選C。

30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段句子"Itisreportedthatover89percentofstudentshaveusedChatGPTto

helpwiththeirhomework.Youcanaskittowritestoriesandemails,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsof

questions.據(jù)報(bào)道，超過(guò)89%的學(xué)生使用過(guò)ChatGPT幫助他們完成家庭作業(yè)。你可以讓它寫(xiě)故事和電子郵件，

翻譯語(yǔ)言，并回答各種問(wèn)題。"可知ChatGPT可以寫(xiě)故事，故選C。

31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段句子"TheyareafraidthatChatGPTcouldmakeiteasierforstudentsto

cheat(作弊)onhomework"可知，它可以幫助學(xué)生們做作業(yè)，故選B。

32．最佳標(biāo)題題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了ChatGPT的好處以及不利之處，故選A。

（2023·懷化）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

InChina,thereare24solarterms(節(jié)氣)inayear.Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginning

ofwinter,lightsnow,heavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold.

BeginningofwinterusuallyfallsonNovember7thor8th.Onthisday,afterayearofhardwork,peopleare

happytohavearestandspendtimewiththefamily.ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe

"SmallSpringFestival".Peopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday.

LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnowusuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th.

Whenwintersolsticecomes,itbringstheshortestdaysoftheyearandthelongestnights.Manyplacesaroundthe

countrycanexpectthecoldestweather.

Greatercoldcomesafterlessercold.Thefieldiscoveredwithsnow.AndallChinesearereadytowelcomethe

SpringFestivalafterit.Ofcourse,anewroundofsolartermswillstart.

33．Howmanysolartermsarethereinwinter?

A．Five.B．Six.C．Seven.

34．WhatdopeopleinthenorthernChinausuallyhaveonbeginningofwinter?

A．Dumplingsandmuttonsoup.

B．Noodlesandfish.

C．Riceandchicken.

35．Whendoesheavysnowusuallyfall?

A．OnNovember22ndor23rd.

B．OnDecember1stor2nd.

C．OnDecember7thor8th.

36．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A．Beginningofwinter.

B．Thesolartermsinwinter.

C．Greatercold.

【答案】33．B34．A35．C36．B

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】人文地理類(lèi)；說(shuō)明文；中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化與禮儀習(xí)俗；細(xì)節(jié)理解

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介紹了冬季的6個(gè)節(jié)氣。

33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段句子"Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter."可知，冬天有六個(gè)節(jié)氣，

故選B。

34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段句子"ThenorthernChinacelebratesbeginningofwinterasthe'Small

SpringFestivalPeopleusuallyhavedumplingsandmuttonsouponthatday."可知，在中國(guó)北方，人們通常在這

一天吃餃子和羊肉湯來(lái)慶祝立冬。故選A。

35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段句子"LightsnowusuallyfallsonNovember22ndor23rdandheavysnow

usuallyfallsonDecember7thor8th."可知，小雪通常在11月22日或23日，大雪通常在12月7日或8日。

故選C。

36．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段句子"Andtherearesixsolartermsinwinter.Theyarebeginningofwinter,

lightsnowheavysnow,wintersolstice(冬至),lessercold(小寒)andgreatercold"可知，本文主要介紹了冬季的6

個(gè)節(jié)氣，故選B。

（2023·株洲）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

TherewereactorsperformingQinqiangOperaattheTangParadiseonFebruary5th,2023.TangParadise,

locatedinthesouthofXi'an,isalargeculturalthemeparkshowingthelifestyleoftheTangDynasty.Qinqiang

Opera,whichcamefromtheancientfolksongsanddancesofthepeopleinShaanxiandGansuprovince,isoneof

thelongest-liveformsofoperainChina.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,thelocaloperadatesallthewaybackto

theQinDynasty(221BC-207BC).QinqiangOperaisareflectionofancientChinesepeople'sdailylifeand

feelings.

However,thedevelopmentofpopandWesternmusicinfluencedQinqiangOperadeepinthe1990s.During

thisdifficulttime,manyQinqiangOperaactorshadnochoicebuttoleavetheo