初中英語語法時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試題英語時(shí)態(tài)是構(gòu)建語言邏輯的核心要素，初中階段需重點(diǎn)掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)五大基礎(chǔ)時(shí)態(tài)。通過針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練，可深化對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)、用法及語境匹配的理解，提升語言運(yùn)用的準(zhǔn)確性與靈活性。一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于描述常態(tài)行為、客觀真理、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或按計(jì)劃反復(fù)發(fā)生的事件。結(jié)構(gòu)上，主語為第三人稱單數(shù)（he/she/it/單個(gè)人名/單數(shù)名詞等）時(shí)，動(dòng)詞需變“三單”（加-s/-es，如*go*→*goes*,*do*→*does*）；其他主語用動(dòng)詞原形。常見時(shí)間標(biāo)志：*often,usually,everyday/week,sometimes,onweekends*等。（二）典型例題例1：Mymother______(cook)dinnerforuseveryevening.解析：由“everyevening”可知是習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語“mymother”是三單，故填cooks。考點(diǎn)：三單形式的正確變形（*cook*直接加-s）。（三）專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Tomoften______(play)basketballafterschool.②Theearth______(go)aroundthesun.（客觀真理）2.單項(xiàng)選擇：—______yourfather______toworkbycar?—Yes,hedoes.A.Do;goB.Does;goC.Did;go3.改錯(cuò)：ShewatchTVeverynight.→______二、一般過去時(shí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧一般過去時(shí)描述過去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，動(dòng)詞需用過去式（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加-ed，如*play*→*played*；不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需特殊記憶，如*go*→*went*,*be*→*was/were*）。常見時(shí)間標(biāo)志：*yesterday,lastweek/month/year,...ago,in2020*等。（二）典型例題例2：I______(see)afilmwithmyfriendslastnight.解析：“l(fā)astnight”是過去時(shí)間，*see*的過去式為不規(guī)則變化saw?？键c(diǎn)：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式記憶（*see*→*saw*）。（三）專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①They______(visit)themuseumyesterday.②Linda______(be)lateforschoolthismorning.（主語Linda是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞過去式用*was*）2.翻譯句子：他去年在上海工作。→He______inShanghailastyear.3.找出錯(cuò)誤并改正：Igoedtoschoolonfootthismorning.→______三、一般將來時(shí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧一般將來時(shí)表達(dá)未來的計(jì)劃、預(yù)測或意愿，常見結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種：will+動(dòng)詞原形：側(cè)重“臨時(shí)決定、客觀預(yù)測”（如：*Iwillhelpyou.*天要下雨：*Itwillrain.*）；begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形：側(cè)重“已有計(jì)劃或跡象的未來”（如：*I’mgoingtovisitmygrandmatomorrow.*烏云密布：*It’sgoingtorain.*）。時(shí)間標(biāo)志：*tomorrow,nextweek,in+時(shí)間段*（如*inthreedays*）等。（二）典型例題例3：—Lookatthedarkclouds!—Ithinkit______(rain)soon.解析：由“darkclouds”（跡象）可知用*begoingto*結(jié)構(gòu)，主語*it*是三單，故填isgoingtorain?？键c(diǎn)：*begoingto*與*will*的語境區(qū)分（跡象用*begoingto*）。（三）專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.用*will*或*begoingto*填空：①I______(visit)myteacherthisSunday.（已有計(jì)劃）②—I’mthirsty.—I______(get)yousomewater.（臨時(shí)決定）2.單項(xiàng)選擇：There______afootballmatchnextmonth.A.willhaveB.isgoingtohaveC.willbe3.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描述此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（如：*I’mreadingnow.*），或現(xiàn)階段持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（如：*She’slearningChinesethisterm.*）。結(jié)構(gòu)為be(am/is/are)+現(xiàn)在分詞（動(dòng)詞加-ing，如*read*→*reading*）。常見標(biāo)志：*now,atthemoment,look,listen*（句首提示）等。（二）典型例題例4：Listen!Someone______(sing)inthenextroom.解析：“Listen!”提示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，主語*someone*是單數(shù)，故填issinging?？键c(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在分詞的正確形式（*sing*直接加-ing）及*be*動(dòng)詞的匹配。（三）專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①Look!Thechildren______(play)gamesinthepark.②Mysister______(draw)apicturenow.2.單項(xiàng)選擇：—Whatareyoudoing?—I______myhomework.A.doB.amdoingC.did3.改錯(cuò)：Theyaretalkonthephone.→______五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）知識(shí)點(diǎn)回顧現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響（如：*Ihavelostmykey.*現(xiàn)在進(jìn)不去門），或從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作/狀態(tài)（如：*Hehaslivedherefor10years.*）。結(jié)構(gòu)為have/has+過去分詞（規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加-ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞需記憶，如*lose*→*lost*,*live*→*lived*）。時(shí)間標(biāo)志：*already,yet*（否定/疑問）,*ever,never,for+時(shí)間段,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/從句*。注意：短暫性動(dòng)詞（如*buy,leave,die*）不能與“*for/since+時(shí)間段*”連用，需轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（如*buy*→*have*,*leave*→*beaway*,*die*→*bedead*）。（二）典型例題例5：He______(work)inthisschoolsince2010.解析：“since2010”表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語*he*是三單，*work*的過去分詞是*worked*，故填hasworked?？键c(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)（*has+過去分詞*）及延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的使用（*work*是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，可與*since*連用）。（三）專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：①I______(finish)myhomeworkalready.②Howlong______you______(know)eachother?（*know*是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）2.單項(xiàng)選擇：—Haveyou______beentoBeijing?—Yes,Iwenttherelastyear.A.everB.neverC.yet3.句型轉(zhuǎn)換（將短暫性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）：Heboughtthebooktwodaysago.→He____________thebookfortwodays.六、綜合時(shí)態(tài)訓(xùn)練（混合題型）（一）完形填空（節(jié)選）閱讀短文，用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：TodayisSunday.Tom______(get)upat7:00.Nowhe______(have)breakfast.He______(go)totheparkwithhisfriendsthisafternoon.They______(play)footballthere.Lastweek,they______(visit)thezooand______(see)manyanimals.（二）閱讀理解+時(shí)態(tài)判斷閱讀短文，判斷句子中時(shí)態(tài)的正確性（用T/F表示）：MynameisLisa.IliveinBeijing.Iusuallygotoschoolbybus.Yesterday,Iwenttoschoolonfootbecausethebuswaslate.Tomorrow,Iwillgotothelibrarytoborrowsomebooks.Ihaveread5booksthismonth.1.LisalivesinBeijing.（一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，描述常態(tài)）→T2.Lisawenttoschoolbybusyesterday.（原文說*onfoot*，時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤）→F3.Lisawillgotothelibrarytomorrow.（一般將來時(shí)，正確）→T七、答案與解析（節(jié)選）一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1.①*plays*（*often*提示常態(tài)，Tom是三單）；②*goes*（客觀真理，*earth*是三單）2.B（由答語*does*可知是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語*father*是三單，助動(dòng)詞用*does*，后接動(dòng)詞原形）3.*watch*→*watches*（主語*she*是三單，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞變?nèi)龁危┒?、一般過去時(shí)1.①*visited*（*yesterday*提示過去時(shí)，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加-ed）；②*was*（*thismorning*提示過去時(shí)，Linda是單數(shù)，*be*動(dòng)詞用*was*）2.*worked