2021屆浙江省學(xué)軍中學(xué)高三模擬測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀理解（共2節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題，每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)AAuniversitygraduatedescribedasa"respectableandintelligent"womanisseekingprofessionalhelpafterbeingconvictedof(證明有……罪)shopliftingforthesecondtimeinsixmonths.AnaLuz,

recentlystudyingforherPhD,hasbeentoldshecouldendupbehindbarsunlessshecancontrolthedesiretostealfromshops.Luz,wholiveswithherpartnerinFitzwilliamRoad,Cambridge,admittedstealingclothesworth￡9.95fromJohnLewisinOxfordStreet,London,onMarch9.PhillipLemoyne,prosecuting(起訴),saidLuzselectedsomeclothesfromadisplayandtookthemtotheladies"toiletinthestore.Whenshecameoutagainshewaswearingoneoftheskirtsshehadselected,havingtakenofftheanti-theftsecurityalarms(防盜警報(bào)裝置).Shewasstoppedandcaughtafterleavingthestorewithoutpaying,MrLemoynesaid.Headdedthatshewasupsetonherarrestandapologizedforheractions.Luz,28,wassaidtohavebeenconvictedofshopliftingbyCambridgejudgeslastOctober,butMoragDuff,defending,saidshehadneverbeenintroublewiththepolicebeforethat."Sheisashamedandembarrassedbutdoesn’treallyhaveanyexplanationwhyshedidthis,"MissDuffsaid."Shedidn’tintendtostealwhenshewentintothestore.Sheisatalosstoexplainit.Sheisotherwiseaveryrespectableandintelligentyounglady.Shewenttoherdoctorandaskedforadvicebecauseshewantstoknowifthereisanythinginparticularthatcausedhertodothis."JudgeDavidAzanfinedLuz￡50,

andwarned:"You"vegotacriminalrecord.Ifyoucarryonlikethis,youwillendupinprison,whichwillruinyourbrightfutureyoumayhave."LuzachievedadegreeindesignatuniversityinhernativeSpain,wentontoafamousuniversityinBerlin,Germanyforhermaster"sdegreeandisnowstudyingforaPhDatCambridgeUniversity,UK.1.WhatisAnaLuz’snationality?A.American. B.British. C.Spanish. D.German.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Sheisatalosstoexplainit"mean?A.Inheropinionitwasalosstotheclothesshopswhereshestolethings.B.Shedoesn’thaveanyideawhyshehasthedesiretostealfromshops.C.Shethinksitisalossforhertoexplainwhyshestolethingsfromshops.D.Personallyshefeelsashamedandembarrassedforhershopliftingactions.3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat

.A.AnaLuzisalreadygotherPhDatCambridgeUniversity,UKB.AnaLuzisashamedandembarrassedandknowswhysheoftendidsoC.theuniversitygraduatewillbeputinprisonifshestealsinshopsoncemoreD.PhillipLemoyneisthe"respectableandintelligent"woman"sdefenselawyer【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了一個(gè)有偷東西癖好的女孩的故事。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句話“LuzachievedadegreeindesignatuniversityinhernativeSpain.Luz在她的祖國(guó)西班牙的大學(xué)里獲得了設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)位?！笨芍俏靼嘌廊耍蔬xC?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“butdoesn’treallyhaveanyexplanationwhyshedidthis.但她并沒有真正解釋她為什么這樣做。”由此判斷出，劃線的意思是“她不知道自己為什么會(huì)有從商店偷東西的欲望”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“JudgeDavidAzanfinedLuz￡50,andwarned:“You’vegotacriminalrecord.Ifyoucarryonlikethis,youwillendupinprison,whichwillruinyourbrightfutureyoumayhave.法官David對(duì)Luz罰款50磅并警告說(shuō):“你有犯罪記錄。如果你繼續(xù)這樣,你就會(huì)坐牢,這將毀了你光明的未來(lái)?！笨芍窃儆幸淮芜@樣的行為，就會(huì)被送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。故選C。BChina’sfuturehigh-speedtrainsmightbeself-driving,withatopspeedaround600kilometerperhourandanadjustableinteriorandentertainmentsystemwithhigh-speedInternet，aseniorengineersaidonMonday.Fuxing,whichdebutedfirstonthelineconnectingBeijingandShanghai,hasanoperatingspeedof350km/h---theworld’sfastest.Itnowservesadozenmajorcities,fromChengdu,SichuanProvince,toShenzhen,GuangdongProvince,accordingtotheChinaRailwayCorporation.ChinesescientistsaredevelopinganewmodelofFuxingthatcanadopttodifferenttrackwidthsandstillrunconsistentlyat400km/h,Dingsaid,anofficerofthecorporation.“ThesenewtrainscanbeusedeffectivelyinRussiaorcountriesalongtheBeltandRoadInitiative.”“Thenewmodelwillenterservicewithinfiveyears,aboutthesameperiodneededtocreateandlaunchtheFuxing.Inthenext8to10years,Chinawilllaunchahigh-speedbullettrainthatissuspendedfromamagneticrail-nearlytwicethespeedoftheonecurrentlyoperatinginShanghai.”hesaid.Chineseengineersalsoareaimingtomakefuturetrainsmorecomfortable,includingaddingmorelegroominallcarriages,strongerInternetsignalsandsomehigh-classseatsthatmightinvolveadjustableinteriorandentertainmentsystems,suchaswindowsthatcanchangecolororserveasmoviescreens.Artificialintelligencewillbeincludedinfuturetrains,usingequipmentsuchasscannersthatautomaticallycheckanddeductfeeswhenpassengersboardandexittrainswithouthavingtodealwithtickets.Trainsalsowillhaveadvancedself-drivingsystemsthatcanpredictabnormalconditionsandautomaticallycheckslowincaseofemergencies.Thesesystemswillbefinishedwithinthreeyears.Now,China’shigh-speedrailwaynetworkhasextendedabout25000kilometersoftrack,whichmakesupabout60percentoftheworld’stotal,accordingtothecorporation.4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefuturetrainstrue?A.Passengerscanaccesshigh-speedInternet.B.Itwillrunatatopspeedof600km/hC.AllofitssystemswillbeadjustableD.Therewillbenodriveronit5.Theunderlinedword“debuted”inPargraph2canbereplacedby“”A.walked B.appeared C.relied D.jumped6.Wecanlearningfromthepassagethat.A.ThetrackwidthinRussiamaybedifferent.B.ThepresentFuxingisamagneticallysuspendingtrainC.Chinahasatotallengthof25000kilometersofrailtrackD.Thenewtraintobeinservicein5yearshasnothingtodowithFuxing.【答案】4.A5.B6.A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了中國(guó)科學(xué)家正在開發(fā)一種新的“復(fù)興號(hào)”高速列車。列車可以自動(dòng)駕駛，最高時(shí)速約600公里，內(nèi)部可調(diào)，娛樂(lè)系統(tǒng)配有高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，能適應(yīng)不同鐵軌的寬度?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“China’sfuturehigh-speedtrainsmightbeself-driving,withatopspeedaround600kilometerperhourandanadjustableinteriorandentertainmentsystemwithhigh-speedInternet，aseniorengineersaidonMonday.（中國(guó)未來(lái)的高速列車可能是自動(dòng)駕駛的，最高時(shí)速大約600公里，內(nèi)部可調(diào)，娛樂(lè)系統(tǒng)配有高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。）”可知，乘客在高速列車上可以連接高速網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“firstonthelineconnectingBeijingandShanghai,hasanoperatingspeedof350km/h---theworld’sfastest.”（京滬線上的復(fù)興號(hào)列車運(yùn)行速度為350公里/小時(shí)，是世界上最快的）可以推知，debuted的意思為“亮相”，與appeared為近義詞。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ChinesescientistsaredevelopinganewmodelofFuxingthatcanadopttodifferenttrackwidths”（中國(guó)科學(xué)家正開發(fā)的新型復(fù)興號(hào)列車可以適應(yīng)不同寬度的鐵軌）以及第四段“ThesenewtrainscanbeusedeffectivelyinRussia（這些新型列車可以在俄羅斯有效使用）”可知，俄羅斯的鐵軌寬度可能與中國(guó)的鐵軌寬度不同。故選A項(xiàng)。CHowcouldwepossiblythinkthatkeepinganimalsincagesinunnaturalenvironments-mostlyforentertainmentpurposes-isfairandrespectful?Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.However,mostzoosremain“collection”ofinteresting“things”ratherthanprotectivehabitats.Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsbored,lonely,andfarfromtheirnaturalhomes.Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies,butvisitorsleavezooswithouthavinglearnedanythingmeaningfulabouttheanimals’naturalbehavior,intelligence,orbeauty.Zooskeepanimalsinsmallspacesorcages,andmostsignsonlymentionthespecies’name,diet,andnaturalrange.Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon'tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds.Theanimalsarekepttogetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunityformentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis.Aworld-widestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisiscommonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.Furthermore,mostanimalsinzoosarenotendangered.Captivebreeding(圈養(yǎng)繁殖)ofendangeredbigcats,Asianelephants,andotherspecieshasnotresultedintheirbeingsentbacktothewild.Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspecies(物種)dyingout.Infact,babyanimalsalsoattractalotofpayingcustomers.Haven’tweseenenoughcompetitionstonamebabyanimals?Actually,wewillsaveendangeredspeciesonlyifwesavetheirhabitatsandputanendtothereasonspeoplekillthem.Insteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals'naturalhabitats.7.Inthestateofzoochosis,animals____accordingtothepassage.A.remainincages B.behavestrangely C.oftenattackotheranimals D.enjoywalkingaround8.Whatdoestheauthortrytoargueinthepassage?A.Zoosarenotworththepublicsupport.B.Zoosfailintheirattempttosaveanimals.C.Zoosshouldtreatanimalsashumanbeings.DZoosuseanimalsasameansofentertainment.9Theauthortriestopersuadereaderstoaccepthisargumentmainlyby____.A.pointingoutthefaultsinwhatzoosdoB.usingevidencehehascollectedatzoosC.questioningthewayanimalsliveD.discussingtheadvantagesofnaturalhabitats10.Althoughheisagainstzoos,theauthorwouldstillagreethat____.A.zooshavetokeepanimalsinsmallcagesB.mostanimalsinzoosareendangeredspeciesC.someendangeredanimalsarereproducedinzoosD.it'sacceptabletokeepanimalsawayfromtheirhabitats【答案】7.B8.A9.A10.C【解析】本文為議論文。文章講述了作者對(duì)動(dòng)物園的看法，表明動(dòng)物園的動(dòng)物并不快樂(lè)，而且呼吁我們?nèi)ブС帜切┱嬲秊楸Ｗo(hù)野生動(dòng)物棲息地的工作?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段Thisresultsinunusualandself-destructivebehaviorcalledzoochosis(這就導(dǎo)致了反常的自毀行為，稱為動(dòng)物精神病)和Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtimewalkingbackandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain(另一項(xiàng)研究表明，大象用22%的時(shí)間重復(fù)頭部運(yùn)動(dòng)或咬籠子欄桿，熊則用30%的時(shí)間來(lái)回走動(dòng)，這是不快樂(lè)和痛苦的表現(xiàn))可知，有動(dòng)物精神病的動(dòng)物行為非常的怪異。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Insteadofsupportingzoos,weshouldsupportgroupsthatworktoprotectanimals'naturalhabitats.(我們不應(yīng)該支持動(dòng)物園，而應(yīng)該支持致力于保護(hù)動(dòng)物自然棲息地的團(tuán)體)可知，作者的態(tài)度是不要去支持動(dòng)物園，而應(yīng)該支持那些為保護(hù)動(dòng)物自然棲息地而工作的團(tuán)體。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。從第二，三自然段Zooofficialssaytheyareconcernedaboutanimals.However,…(動(dòng)物園官員說(shuō)，他們很關(guān)心動(dòng)物。然而，…)，Zoosteachpeoplethatitisacceptabletokeepanimalsbored,lonely,andfarfromtheirnaturalhomes(動(dòng)物園告訴人們，讓動(dòng)物感到無(wú)聊、孤獨(dú)以及遠(yuǎn)離它們的自然家園是可以接受的)，Zoosclaimtoeducatepeopleandsaveendangeredspecies,but…(動(dòng)物園聲稱要教育人們并拯救瀕危物種，但是…)和Theanimals’normalbehaviorisseldomnoticedbecausezoosdon'tusuallytakecareoftheanimals’naturalneeds(動(dòng)物的正常行為很少被注意到，因?yàn)閯?dòng)物園通常不會(huì)照顧動(dòng)物的自然需要)等等句子中可以看出，作者羅列了一些動(dòng)物園的行為事實(shí)。由此可知，作者是通過(guò)指出動(dòng)物園所做的錯(cuò)誤來(lái)表明自己的觀點(diǎn)的，故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Zoostalkalotabouttheircaptivebreedingprogramsbecausetheydonotwantpeopletoworryaboutaspecies(物種)dyingout(動(dòng)物園經(jīng)常談?wù)撍麄兊娜︷B(yǎng)繁殖計(jì)劃，因?yàn)樗麄儾幌胱屓藗儞?dān)心一個(gè)物種會(huì)滅絕)可知，雖然作者反對(duì)動(dòng)物園，但是動(dòng)物園也確實(shí)進(jìn)行了圈養(yǎng)繁殖來(lái)保證動(dòng)物不會(huì)滅絕。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)里選出能夠填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有2選項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)Training“smart”ismoreimportantthantheamountofdailypractice.Toooftenanathletebelievesthatthemoreheorshepractices,themoreproficienthe/shewillbecome.___11___Itcanalsobeharmfultoachievingthedesiredoutcome.Anathletewhopracticesfrequentlyandhardwithoutanoverallplanwillbemorelikelytosuffertheeffectsofovertrainingratherthanactuallyimprovingperformance.___12___Yet,bydevelopingasetofspecificgoalsandaplanforreachingthosegoals,athletescanmoreeffectivelyusetheirpracticetimeandevenreducethetimerequiredinpracticetoattaintheirgoals.Obviously,thisdoesnotmeanthatthemartialartistcanachieverankorwintournamentswithlittlepractice.___13___Settingperformancegoalsisbeneficialforanumberofreasons.___14___Whenthemartialartistisabletoobserveprogresstowardsagoalonadailyorweeklybasis,heorsheismorelikelytoremaininterestedinachievingthatgoal.Ifinstead,he/sheengagesinroutinepracticetowardsabeltrankthatissixmonthsaway,itiseasiertobecomediscouraged.Inaddition,goalsettinghelpstheathleteknowwhatisexpectedwhichallowsforgreaterattentiontoaparticularskillthatneedstobedeveloped.___15___Finally,settingrealistic,achievablegoalsincreasestheathlete’sself-confidencewhichiscrucialtotheultimateoutcomeofsuccess.Self-confidenceincreasesbecausehis/herattituderegardingsuccessbecomesmorepositiveasgoalsareaccomplished.A.Itisnotalwaysthecase.B.However,suchtrainingisineffective.C.Itreducesboredomandincreasesmotivation.D.Thus,practicebecomesmorefocusedandefficient.E.Itmeansthattheathletedoesnotneedtowastetime.F.Firstly,itrequireslesspatienceandboostsconfidence.G.Typically,theywillexperienceburn-out,exhaustion,andincreasedinjuries.【答案】11.B12.G13.E14.C15.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章闡述了對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)，并不是練習(xí)的越多越好，重要的是有一個(gè)全面的計(jì)劃并設(shè)定成績(jī)目標(biāo)，并闡述了設(shè)定成績(jī)目標(biāo)的好處?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)空格上句Toooftenanathletebelievesthatthemoreheorshepractices,themoreproficienthe/shewillbecome.可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)員經(jīng)常認(rèn)為他或她練習(xí)的越多，他或他就會(huì)變得越熟練。根據(jù)空格下句Itcanalsobeharmfultoachievingthedesiredoutcome.可知，過(guò)多的練習(xí)也可能對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期結(jié)果有害。由此可推斷出，空格句應(yīng)為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，說(shuō)明并不是練習(xí)的越多越好，B項(xiàng)However,suchtrainingisineffective.意為“然而，這種訓(xùn)練是無(wú)效的”，能夠引起下文內(nèi)容。故選B項(xiàng)。【12題詳解】根據(jù)空格上句Anathletewhopracticesfrequentlyandhardwithoutanoverallplanwillbemorelikelytosuffertheeffectsofovertrainingratherthanactuallyimprovingperformance.可知，沒有一個(gè)全面的計(jì)劃而只是經(jīng)常練習(xí)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員更容易受到過(guò)度訓(xùn)練的影響。由此可推斷出，空格句應(yīng)為過(guò)度訓(xùn)練會(huì)給運(yùn)動(dòng)員帶來(lái)哪些影響，G項(xiàng)Typically,theywillexperienceburn-out,exhaustion,andincreasedinjuries.意為“通常情況下，他們會(huì)感覺過(guò)度勞累和筋疲力盡，也會(huì)增加身體上的損傷”，選項(xiàng)闡述了過(guò)度訓(xùn)練帶來(lái)的影響，能夠承接上文。故選G項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】空格上句Obviously,thisdoesnotmeanthatthemartialartistcanachieverankorwintournamentswithlittlepractice.意為“顯然，這并不意味著武術(shù)家可以通過(guò)很少練習(xí)獲得排名或贏得比賽。由此可推斷出，后文要闡述的是這意味著……。E項(xiàng)Itmeansthattheathletedoesnotneedtowastetime.意為“這意味著運(yùn)動(dòng)員不需要浪費(fèi)時(shí)間”，選項(xiàng)中的Itmeansthat與上文的thisdoesnotmeanthat相對(duì)照，能夠承接上文，符合段落主旨，表明了沒有一個(gè)全面的計(jì)劃而只是經(jīng)常練習(xí)，對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。故選E項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】根據(jù)空格上句Settingperformancegoalsisbeneficialforanumberofreasons.可知，設(shè)定成績(jī)目標(biāo)有很多好處。由此可推斷出，下文應(yīng)該闡述到底有什么好處。C項(xiàng)Itreducesboredomandincreasesmotivation.意為“它減少了無(wú)聊，增加了動(dòng)力?！?，闡述了設(shè)定成績(jī)目標(biāo)的好處，能夠承接上文。后文中的heorsheismorelikelytoremaininterestedinachievingthatgoal.（他或她更有可能對(duì)繼續(xù)實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)感興趣）也舉例說(shuō)明了設(shè)定成績(jī)目標(biāo)的好處。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】根據(jù)空格上句Inaddition,goalsettinghelpstheathleteknowwhatisexpectedwhichallowsforgreaterattentiontoaparticularskillthatneedstobedeveloped.可知，目標(biāo)設(shè)定有助于運(yùn)動(dòng)員了解期望的是什么，這使我們能夠更加關(guān)注需要培養(yǎng)的特定技能。這里闡述的是目標(biāo)設(shè)定有助于提高關(guān)注度，D項(xiàng)Thus,practicebecomesmorefocusedandefficient.意為“因此，練習(xí)變得更加集中和有效。”，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了目標(biāo)設(shè)定的好處，能夠承接上文，都講述了目標(biāo)設(shè)定可以提高練習(xí)的針對(duì)性和關(guān)注度。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完型填空（共20個(gè)小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Whatarethebasicelements(要素)ofgoodmanners?Certainlyastrongsenseofjusticeisone;courtesyisoften

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wasanothercarthatproducedcloudsof

choking___19___

,anditwasalongwaytothenearest

___20___

highway.Suddenly,ata

___21___

place,thecaraheadpulledofftheroad.

___22___

thatitsownermighthaveenginetrouble,myfriendstoppedandaskedifanythingwaswrong."

___23___

,"saidtheotherdriver,"butyou'veendured(忍受)mydustthisfar;I'll

___24___

withyourstherestoftheway."Anotherelementofcourtesyisempathy,a

____25____

thatenablesapersontoseeintothemindorheartofsomeoneelse,tounderstandthepainor

____26____

thereandtodosomethingtominimizeit.Aman

____27____

aloneinarestaurantwastryingtoopenthecapofabeerbottle,

____28____hecouldn'tdoitbecauseofbadlyinjured____29____.Heaskedayoungbusboytohelphim.Theboytookthebottle,turnedhisback____30____andloosenedthecapwithoutdifficulty.Thenhe

____31____

itagain.Turningbacktotheman,he

____32____

tomakegreateffortstoopenthebottlewithoutsuccess.

____33____

hetookitintothekitchenandreturnedshortly,sayingthathehadmanagedtoloosenit-butonlywithapairofpliers(鉗子).Yetanotherelementofpolitenessistheabilitytotreatallpeople

____34____,inspiteofallstatusorimportance.____35____whenyouhavedoubtsaboutsomepeople,actasiftheyareworthyofyourbestmanners.Youmayalsobeastonishedtofindoutwhattheyreallyare.Courtesyisthekeytoahappierworld.16.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.nobody17.A.walking B.running C.riding D.driving18.A.Behind B.Ahead C.After D.Beside19.A.dust B.smoke C.gas D.pollution20.A.opened B.used C.paved D.repaired21.A.easier B.wider C.narrower D.bigger22.A.Hoping B.Seeing C.Recognizing D.Thinking23A.Yes B.Sure C.No D.OK24.A.doaway B.catchup C.putup D.goon25.A.tool B.way C.behavior D.quality26.A.unhappiness B.joy C.feeling D.thought27.A.dining B.singing C.working D.sitting28.A.so B.but C.why D.however29.A.legs B.arms C.fingers D.ears30.A.hurriedly B.happily C.momentarily D.secretly31.A.loosened B.took C.hid D.tightened32.A.seemed B.pretended C.managed D.tried33.A.Luckily B.Finally C.Happily D.Sadly34.A.alike B.friendly C.warmly D.nicely35.A.Ever B.Specially C.Especially D.Even【答案】16.A17.D18.B19.A20.C21.B22.D23.C24.C25.D26.A27.A28.B29.C30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章通過(guò)兩個(gè)故事讓我們感受到禮貌的三個(gè)要素：高層次的公平意識(shí)、同理心和對(duì)所有的人都一視同仁。【16題詳解】考查不定代詞辨析。句意：禮貌包含哪些因素呢？強(qiáng)烈的正義感是一部分，禮貌只不過(guò)是高層次的公平意識(shí)。A.nothing什么事；B.anything任何事；C.something一些事；D.nobody沒人。nothingmorethan相當(dāng)于only，意為“只不過(guò)”，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：一個(gè)朋友曾告訴我，他曾行駛在一條單行的土路上。A.walking走路；B.running跑步；C.riding騎車；D.driving開車。由下句中的“anothercar（另一輛車）”可知，作者的朋友也是開車的。故選D。【18題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：在他的前面，有一輛車掀起了嗆人的塵土，他們離最近的柏油路也還有不短的距離。A.Behind后面；B.Ahead之前；C.After之后；D.Beside在…旁邊。由后面的“thecarinfront那輛車在前面”可知，另一輛車應(yīng)開在前面。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：參考第3小題詳解。A.dust灰，灰塵；B.blacksmoke黑煙；C.gas氣體、汽油；D.pollution污染。由下文中的“you’vetoleratedmydustthisfar（你忍受了我的車的這么多塵土）”可知，前邊的車產(chǎn)生的是塵土。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：離最近的公路有一段很長(zhǎng)的路。A.opened打開的；B.used使用過(guò)的；C.paved鋪面的；D.repaired修理過(guò)的。根據(jù)前文出現(xiàn)的“unpavedmountainroad未鋪過(guò)的山路”可知他們要找到最近的鋪過(guò)的高速路。故選C。【21題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)辨析。句意：在寬一點(diǎn)的地方，前頭的車開到了一旁。A.easier簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)的；B.wider寬點(diǎn)的；C.narrower窄一點(diǎn)的；D.bigger大一點(diǎn)的。由下文中前邊那輛車讓朋友的車先過(guò)去，走前邊，可知他們是在一個(gè)相對(duì)寬一點(diǎn)的地方。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我的朋友以為車主的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)可能出了毛病，就把車停了下來(lái)，問(wèn)他是不是車出了問(wèn)題。A.Hoping希望；B.Seeing看見；C.Recognizing識(shí)別；D.Thinking認(rèn)為。由另一輛車的車主告訴朋友車沒事，可知朋友認(rèn)為對(duì)方的車有事。故選D。【23題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：“沒事兒，”那位司機(jī)說(shuō)，“你跟在后面吃塵土已經(jīng)這么久了，剩下的路還是讓我跟在你后面吃塵土吧。”A.Yes是的；B.Sure當(dāng)然；C.No沒事；D.OK好的。由But后的內(nèi)容可知，對(duì)方的車沒事。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：參考第8小題。A.doawaywith廢除；B.catchupwith趕上；C.putupwith忍受；D.goonwith繼續(xù)。空格處單詞與前邊的tolerate（忍受）是同義詞，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：禮貌的另一個(gè)要素是能夠理解別人的心情，這一品質(zhì)能使人深入他人的思想和內(nèi)心世界，理解他們感情深處的痛苦或是不幸，并盡力使之減緩。A.tool工具；B.way方法；C.behavior行為；D.quality品質(zhì)。同理心是個(gè)人所具有的品質(zhì)和能力，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：參考第10小題。A.unhappiness不幸，痛苦；B.joy開心、快樂(lè)；C.feeling感受；D.thought。與pain痛苦并列，應(yīng)表達(dá)一樣的感受，故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：一位獨(dú)自在餐廳進(jìn)餐的顧客試圖打開一瓶啤酒的瓶蓋。A.dining就餐；B.singing唱歌；C.working工作；D.sitting坐著。由地點(diǎn)在餐廳及想要打開啤酒瓶蓋可知，這位顧客在獨(dú)自就餐。故選A。【28題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：然而，由于嚴(yán)重受傷的手指，他打不開瓶蓋。A.so所以；B.but但是；C.why為什么；D.however然而。這個(gè)顧客想打開瓶蓋卻沒有打開，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B。【29題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：參考第13小題。A.legs腿；B.arms手臂；C.fingers手指；D.ears耳朵。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，打開瓶蓋是需要用手指的，故選C?！?0題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：男孩接過(guò)瓶子，立刻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，毫不費(fèi)力地打開了瓶蓋。A.hurriedly匆忙地；B.happily快樂(lè)地；C.momentarily立刻；D.secretly秘密地。根據(jù)“withoutdifficulty沒有困難”可知很快地打開了瓶蓋，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他接著又將其旋緊。A.loosened松開；B.took拿；C.hid隱蔽；D.tightened擰緊。由下文中的“他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，假裝使出很大勁還是沒有擰開瓶蓋?！笨芍?，他又將瓶蓋擰緊了。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)對(duì)著那個(gè)人，假裝使出很大勁還是沒有擰開瓶蓋。A.seemed好象；B.pretended假裝；C.managed試圖；D.tried嘗試。由他打開了，又?jǐn)Q緊，可知這個(gè)人是假裝費(fèi)勁還打不開。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：最后他把那瓶酒拿到廚房，不一會(huì)就回來(lái)了，說(shuō)他用了一把鉗子才擰開了瓶蓋。A.Luckily幸運(yùn)地；B.Finally最后；C.Happily高興地；D.Sadly悲傷地。根據(jù)事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過(guò)，最后他把那瓶酒拿到廚房，不一會(huì)就回來(lái)了，說(shuō)他用了一把鉗子才擰開了瓶蓋。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：禮貌的另一個(gè)要素，是能夠不管人們的社會(huì)地位的高低或是其作用的大小，對(duì)所有的人都一視同仁。A.alike十分相像地，同樣地；B.friendly友好地；C.warmly熱情地，溫暖地；D.nicely友好地。根據(jù)下句中的“即使對(duì)有些人你心存疑慮，也要以禮相待”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)所有人一視同仁。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：即使對(duì)有些人你心存疑慮，也要以禮相待。A.Ever從來(lái)；B.Specially專門地，特意；C.Especially尤其，特別；D.Even甚至，即使。這里采用讓步關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明要對(duì)所有人一視同仁。故選D。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThefirstbestfriendIever___36___(make),atagefive,wasacompletegamechanger.Thisnewlittlefriendofmine___37___(instant)becamemypartnerofeverything.Shewasthefirstperson___38___(invite)metoplayBarbiedollsandwasthereformewhenI'dcryduringnaptime.Wehadasecrethandshake,lovedtowatchDisneymovies,andlaughedoverthingsthatweren'tveryfunnytoanyoneelse.I'malmost20andIstilldothoseverysamethingswithmygirlfriendsnow.Overtheyears,thosefriendships___39___(get)methroughbreakups,___40___(stress)schoolmoments,andtimeswhenIfeltsolowabout___41___(I)thatIbarelywantedtogooutsideandseethesunshine.___42___mygirlfriends,I'dprobablyspendmostweekendsalone,becauseIwouldn'thaveplanstogotobrunch,togooutonthetown,orjusttogoforawalkwith___43___deliciouscupofcoffeeinhand.___44___(have)goodfriendsinyourlifecanbecrucialtoyourhappinessandtheywilltellyounottobuythatT-shirt,becauseitdoesn’tshowcaseyourbesttalents.Theywilltellyou___45___thepersonyou’redatingdeservesyourtimeandyourenergy.Theywillevenpumpyouupwhenyou’refeelingdownandyou’llbelievethem,becausetheyareright,andtheyalwayswantthebestforyou.【答案】36.made37.instantly38.toinvite39.havegot40.stressful41.myself42.Without43.a44.Having45.whether/if

【解析】這一篇議論文，講述了朋友對(duì)作者的意義?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我第一個(gè)最好的朋友是在5歲的時(shí)候，他徹底改變了游戲規(guī)則。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知：句子的謂語(yǔ)為was，Iever_______為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞friend；make為從句的謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)was可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填made。【37題詳解】考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知：設(shè)空處后為動(dòng)詞，用副詞修飾；instant的副詞為instantly“立刻”。故填instantly?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。句意：她是第一個(gè)邀請(qǐng)我玩芭比娃娃的人。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知：謂語(yǔ)為was,設(shè)空處作后置定語(yǔ)。thefirst后用動(dòng)詞不定式做后置定語(yǔ)；故填toinvite?！?9題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：多年來(lái)，這些友誼幫助我度過(guò)了分手、壓力山大的學(xué)校時(shí)光，以及那些我情緒低落到幾乎不想出門去看陽(yáng)光的時(shí)候。根據(jù)空前時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“Overtheyears”可知，空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)：have/hasdone，主語(yǔ)是thosefriendships，復(fù)數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞需用have。故填havegot?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：多年來(lái)，這些友誼幫助我度過(guò)了分手、壓力山大的學(xué)校時(shí)光，以及那些我情緒低落到幾乎不想出門去看陽(yáng)光的時(shí)候。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞schoolmoments，stress的形容詞為stressful“壓力重的”。故填stressful?！?1題詳解】考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)為同一個(gè)人，故賓語(yǔ)采用反身代詞的形式，表示我自己情緒低落的時(shí)候。故填myself。【42題詳解】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣和介詞。句意：如果沒有我的女朋友們，我可能會(huì)獨(dú)自度過(guò)大部分周末…。分析句意可知：設(shè)空處為without引導(dǎo)的“含蓄條件句”without表示“如果沒有”，句首單詞，首字母需大寫。故填Without?！?3題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：因?yàn)槲也粫?huì)計(jì)劃去吃早午餐，或只是帶著一杯美味的咖啡去散步。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處需用不定冠詞a/an，泛指一杯美味的咖啡，delicious是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，所以空處需用不定冠詞a。故填a?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在你的生活中，有朋友對(duì)你的快樂(lè)至關(guān)重要。分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處在句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用所給詞的動(dòng)名詞形式，句首單詞首字母需大寫。故填Having?！?5題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：他們會(huì)告訴你，你的約會(huì)對(duì)象是否值得你花時(shí)間和精力。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句不缺成分，設(shè)空處表示“是否”的含義，需用whether/if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。故填whether/if。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）46.假如你是高中生李華，你的美國(guó)筆友Jack熱愛中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，最近打算來(lái)中國(guó)工作生活一段時(shí)間，但是不確定應(yīng)該去往哪個(gè)城市，寫信向你咨詢。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括:1.你推薦的城市；2.推薦的理由(不少于兩條)；3.美好祝愿。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearJack,IamsopleasedtolearnthatyouaretospendsometimeinChina.IrecommendyoustayinBeijingthecapitalandculturalcenterofChina.Thecityenjoysahighreputationforitsabundanceofancientarchitecture,whichrepresentsthetraditionallocallifestyles.Andtherearealsoplentyofmuseumswherepreciousrelicsofhistoricalinterestarewaitingforyoutoexplore.Besides,theexceptionalPekingOperaperformancestherearealsowhatyoucan’tmiss.IwishyouaveryhappyandmeaningfultimeinChina!Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【分析】考查應(yīng)用文中的書信寫作?！驹斀狻款}目要求假如你是高中生李華，你的美國(guó)筆友Jack熱愛中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化，最近打算來(lái)中國(guó)工作生活一段時(shí)間，但是不確定應(yīng)該去往哪個(gè)城市，寫信向你咨詢。請(qǐng)你給他寫一封回信，內(nèi)容包括:1.你推薦的城市；2.推薦的理由(不少于兩條)；3.美好祝愿。分析可知，應(yīng)該以第一人稱為主，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)進(jìn)行寫作。要點(diǎn)已經(jīng)給出，要求考生根據(jù)提綱自己發(fā)揮拓展，考生要先想好寫哪幾點(diǎn)，運(yùn)用合適的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則和詞匯把各要點(diǎn)都準(zhǔn)確表述出。描述要盡量選擇簡(jiǎn)潔的語(yǔ)言，難點(diǎn)在于選擇詞匯和句型，可以靈活運(yùn)用高級(jí)詞匯和固定短語(yǔ)準(zhǔn)確表述。還要用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞把句子連接起來(lái)，這樣文章顯得更連貫?！军c(diǎn)睛】這篇明信片短文的關(guān)鍵在于要點(diǎn)的拓展，同時(shí)注意謀篇布局的順序，運(yùn)用合適的連接詞連接全文，同時(shí)選擇高級(jí)的詞匯和語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目讓文章更有文采。IamsopleasedtolearnthatyouaretospendsometimeinChina.賓語(yǔ)從句的運(yùn)用；Thecityenjoysahighreputationforitsabundanceofancientarchitecture,whichrepresentsthetraditionallocallifestyles.定語(yǔ)從句的運(yùn)用。第二節(jié)課后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。Thirteen-year-oldAmylosthermotherinacaraccident.ShehadnochoicebutmovedfromNewZealandtoCanadatolivewithherfatherThomas.Thomaswasaninventor,livingonafarm.HebroughtAmybacktohismessyhouse,whichhadnotbeencleanedupforyears.Mostoftheroomsinthehousewereusedforstoringhisgliders(滑翔機(jī))andtheirparts.Oneday,AmyhappenedtoseeThomastestinghisgliderbuthesooncrashedinthesurroundingfield.Scaredandunsureifherfatherwasallright,Amyheardhisfather'sshoutoftriumph.Shecouldn'tunderstandherfatherstrangebehaviorsothatshebarelytalkedwithhim."Mynewlifeisabsolutelymiserable!"Amythoughtwithtearsinhereyes.ItwasnotuntilAmyfoundtheeggsthatherlifechanged.Whileexploringtheareaaroundthefarm,Amydiscoveredanabandonednestof16gooseeggsunderafallentree.Shegatheredalloftheeggsandbroughtthembacktothebamwhereshetookaheatinglamptoprovidelightandwarmthforthem.Oneafternoonafterschool,Amywasthrilledtodiscoveralloftheeggshadhatched.ThebabygeeseandAmylookedateachotherandabondimmediatelyformed.ThegeeseassumedAmy,thefirstthingtheysaw,wastheirmother.Amyaskedhisfather,“CanIkeepthebabygeese,please?""Yes,"Thomasagreed.Althoughheknewtherewouldbealotofchallengeswaitingf