八年級下冊

UnitlHelpingthoseinneed

-、詞匯

單詞詞性及詞義詞匯拓展

近義詞：putup舉起；提高

raisev.籌募，增加，提高，飼養(yǎng)

keep飼養(yǎng)

近義詞:agreement

pennissionn.準許，批準

pennitv.允許

abilityn.能力

disabledadj.失去能力的，殘疾的ableadj.能

beabletodosth.能做某事

teenagern.青少年teenageadj.青少年的

offertodosth.主動提出做某事

V.主動提出

offeroffersthtosb=offersbsth

bewillingtodosomething

向某人提供某物

v.（因疾病等）受苦，受折

suffer

磨

seriouslyadv.認真地，嚴重

seriousadj.嚴重的

地

illadj.不好的，有病的，惡意

illnessn.（某種）病的

beill=besick生病的

lonelyadj.孤獨的，寂寞的

friendlyadj.友好的

befriendlytosb.對某人友好

friendship友情，友誼friendlinessn.友善

friendn.朋友

makefriendswith和…交朋友

n.困難，費勁difficultadj.困難的

difficultybenotabletodosomethinghavedifficultyindoingsth.

easily在做某事上有困難

n.愉快，喜悅toone'sjoy令人愉快的是

joy

afeelingofgreathappinessjoyfuladj.快樂的

i

2

peacen.平靜，寧靜peacefuladj.和平的，寧靜的

hurtn.&v.受傷，受傷的近義詞：injured

encouragev.鼓勵

couragen.勇氣，勇敢

discouragev.阻止：使氣餒

spiritsn.情緒，心境spiritualadj.精神的,心靈的

pay…fbr=spend…on在…花

費.?…

payV.付費

payattentiontodoingsth.注意

做某事

同才艮詞:organization

organizeV.組織

n.組織；機構；團體

同根詞：expression

expressV.表達；表露

n.表現(xiàn)，表示，表達；表情

二、詞組

1.inneed需要幫助的

2.voluntarywork義務工作

3.askpermission報請批準

4.sufferfrom因…受苦

5.raiseone'sspirits使振奮cheerup

6.inorderto目的在于soasto

三、句型

1.WespenttimewithagirlcalledVivien我們和一個叫維維恩的女孩在一起。

此句中，spendtimewithsb意為"和某人一起度過“。

例如：Someyoungpeopledon'twanttospendtimewiththeold.一些年輕人不想和老人在一起。

ImetagirlcalledCindy.

called被叫做=named名為

ThegirlcalledLucyisoneofthebeststudentsinourschool.那個被叫做Lucy的女孩是我們學校最好

的學生之一

2.1wentthereandtooksomephotosofit.

takephotos/picturesof表示"給...拍照”

takepictures/photos意為"拍照"

Theytookmanyphotosofthewinner.他們拍了許多獲勝者的照片。

AlthoughIloveholidays,Ihatetotakephotos.盡管我喜歡度假，但我卻討厭照相。

3.Thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.

help$b(to)dosth.意為“幫助某人做某事"，help后做賓補的不定代詞可以帶to,也可以不帶lo,本

結構與helpsb.withsth.意思相同。

2

3

拓展:helponeselftosth.隨便吃某物Helpyourselftothefish.

express及物動詞，意為“表露，Billisnotafraidtoexpresshisopinions.

拓展：expression名詞，意為“表達，表示;表情”

Herexpressionsuggestedanger.她露出憤怒的表情。

4.Theyhavedifficultywalkingormoving.他們走路或移動有困難。

此句中，havedifficulty(in)doingsth意為“做某事有困難"。=havetrouble(in)doingsth

Ihavedifficultyfinishingmyhomework.我完成家庭作業(yè)有困難。

若后接名詞：則常用havedifficultywithsth的結構

5.Hehurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage?他的腿在事故中受傷了,但是他很勇

敢。

本句中,but為并列連詞，意為“但是；然而”，連接兩個句子，表示轉折。

Iwanttobuythebeautifulbike,butIhavenomoney.我想買那輛漂亮的自行車，但是我沒有錢。

hurtvt.=injure使疼痛；受傷

搭配：hurtoneself受傷

Haveyouhurtyourself?你傷著自己了嗎？

6.WeneedtohelpchildrenlikeTimandraisetheirspirits.我們需要幫助像蒂姆那樣的孩子，并使

他們鼓起勇氣。

本句中，like用作介詞，意為“例如；像”。

Thingslikepaperandglasscanberecycled.像紙和玻璃這樣的東西可以重復利用。

四、語法

動詞不定式

動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞，可以在句子中作主語、賓沿、定語、狀語和賓語補足語等。動詞不

定式的基本形式是“to+動詞原形”，但to有時可以省略。動詞不定式在句子中不做謂語，所以沒有

人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化。

一?動詞不定式作賓語：基本結構：動詞+動詞不定式

動詞不定式可以在agree,choose,decide,learn,plan,hope,promise,want,seem,would,like等后面

做賓語。

如:Iwanttoplaybasketball.我想玩籃球。

IagreetomeetSusanoutsidethecinema.我同意在電影院外跟蘇珊見面。

▲有些劫詞后面可以跟“疑問詞+動詞不定式”這種結構，這些動詞包advise?ask?decide,

discuss，forget?know?learn?remember‘show?teach*tell等

如：Weteachhimhowtowalk.我們教他走路。

Iforgotwhattodo.我忘記要做什么了。

二?動詞不定式作賓語補足語：基本結構：動詞+賓語(名詞/代詞)+動詞不定式

動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，有帶to和省略to的兩種情況。

常跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有adviseasktellorderinviteallow,vishgetwant，

encourage等。

如：Myteacheroftenencouragesustostudyhard.我的老師經(jīng)常鼓勵我們要努力學習。

Tomaskedmenottosleepinclass.Tom叫我不要在課堂上睡覺。

3

4

常跟省略to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：

使役動詞let,make,have等?感官動詞see,feel,notice等c

如：Youcanletthegirlgofirst.你可以讓那個女孩子先走。

Isawhimopenthedoor.我看見，也開門。

三?動詞不定式表目的：

動詞不定式還可以用來表示某一動作或狀態(tài)的目的。動詞不定式也可以位于句首。

如：Shewenttothedepartmentscoretobuyanewbook.她去百貨商店是為了買本新書。

TolearnEnglishwell,youshouldspeakEnglishasmuchaspossible.想學好英語，應該盡可能多的說

英語。

Unit1Helpingthoseinneed單元測試

姓名分數(shù)

I.詞匯運用(每小題1分，共15分)

i.根據(jù)句意，選擇與劃線部分意思最接近的選項。(每小題1分，共8分)

()1.WhenItoldhimthenews,heexpressedhissurprise.

A.knewB.showedC.impressed

()2.Keepingpetscangiveusmuchjoy.

A.sadnessB.sicknessC.happiness

()3.Youcan'tgooutatnightunlessyougetyourmother'spermission.

A.agreementB.knowledgeC.message

()4.Don'tmakeanynoiseshere.Ineedpeace.

A.luckB.fearC.anger

()5.Hecamehomeearlyinordertoseehissonbeforehewenttobed.

A.sothatB.inorderthatC.soasto

()6.Amyexplainedthatshehadtoleaveatonce.

A.secretlyB.immediatelyC.happily

()7.Idon'tknowwhyhedidn'tacceptthedoctor'ssuggestions.

A.repliedB.rejectedC.raised

()8.Afterhewashedthedishes,shecontinuedtosweepthefloor.

A.wentonB.wentupC.compared

ii.選擇恰當?shù)脑~匯或短語完成句子。(每小題1分，共7分)

()9.Aissomeonewhoisbetweenthirteenandnineteenyearsold.

A.bossB.daughterC.teenager

()10.Tofromsomethingistobebadlyaffectedbyit.

A.stopB.payC.suffer

()11.Everyoneneedsa.Thatis,theyneedfriends.

A.friendshipB.relationshipC.news

4

5

()12.AisAspokenorwrittenpieceofinfbrmation.

A.messageB.gestureC.language

()13.-Whydoyouoftenhimofhissuccess?

—Sothathedoesn'tlosehisconfidence.

A.remindB.hearC.advise

()14.-Iamgreatlyinterestedinthispainting.Somethinginitthepainter'sdeeplovefor

nature.

A.expressB.discussesC.imagines

()15.…Whowilltheactivity?

---Somevolunteers

A.expressB.acceptC.organize

II.單項選擇(每小題1分，共15分)

()16.Youmaytakeahorsetotheriver,butyoucan'tmakeit.

A.todrinkB.drankC.drink

()17.Youcanuseatoolafire.

A.makeB.makingC.tomake

()18.—IalwaysfeelwhenIamathome.

一Ithinkyoushouldgoouttocommunicatewithmorepeople.

A.lonely;lonelyB.lonely;aloneC.alone:lonely

()19.---Doyouhavedifficultytheworkintwodays?

-Ofcoursenot.It'seasymetodoit.

A.finishing;forB.finishing;ofC.tofinish;for

()20.They20,000yuanfortheHopeProjectlastyear.

A.roseB.raiseC.raised

()21.Thereisn'tanydifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow.

A.wheretochooseB.whichtochooseC.tochoosewhich

()22.Ratherthanonacrowdedbus,healwaysprefersabicycle.

A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;toride

()23.—Howfarisyourcousin'shomefromhere?

-It'sabouttworide.

A.hour*sB.hoursC.hours1

()24.—Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingatthedoor9

—Yes,Ido.Hersafriendof.

A.IB.mineC.me

()25.---IsyourfriendMichaelstillinAustralia?

---1don*tknow.Ihaveinformationabouthimbecausewehaven'tseeneach

5

6

otherfbryears.

A.alittle;afewB.little;afewC.afew;alittle

（）26.—HowdoesJackusuallygotowork?

-Hedriveacar,butnowhetheretoloseweight.

A.usedto;isusedtowalkB.wasusedto;isusedtoC.usedto;isusedto

（）27.--Let'splayfootballontheplayground.

--It'ssohotoutside.Iwouldratherathomethanout.

A.stay;goB.tostay;goC.stay;togo

（）28.—Areyouofthedark?

---Yes,soIalwaysgotosleepwithmybedroomlights.

A.worry;onB.afraid;onC.worried;off

（）29.1turnedtobookshopsandlibrarieslookingfbrinformationandfound.

A.noneB.bothC.neither

（）30.一Jim'sataxidriver,hereallywantstobeadoctor.

A.andB.soC.but

III.完型填空（每小題1.5分，共15分）

Once,akingshowedtwomenalargebasket（籃子）inthegarden.Hetoldthemtofillitwithwater

fromawell（井）.Afterthey31.theirwork,heleftthem,saying,“Whenthesunisdown,Iwill

comeandseeyourwork.”

Atlast,oneofthemsaid,"What*stheuseofdoingthisfbolish（愚蠢的）work?Wecan32.

fillthebasket.”Theothermananswered,“Thatis33.ofyourbusiness.”

Thefirstmansaid,"Youmaydoasyoulike,butTmnotgoingtoworkatsomethingso34.“

He35.hisbucketandwentaway.Theothermansaidnoword,andkeptoncarrying

36..Finally,thewellwasalmost37..

Ashepoured（倒）thelastbucket（才甬）ofwaterintothebasket,hesawabrightthinginit.Hepickedit

38..Itwasabeautifulgoldring.Justthenthekingcame.39.hesawthering,heknew

thathehadfoundthekindofmanhewanted.Hetoldhimtokeeptheringfbrhimself."You

40.sowellinthislittlething,“hesaid,“thatnowIknowIcanbelieveyouwithmany

things.”

31.A.finishedB.didC.began

32.A.everB.neverC.easily

33.A.noneB.noC.not

34.A.cleverB.fbolishC.easy

35.A.pickedupB.putawayC.threwaway

36.A.waterB.basketC.well

37.A.ftillB.emptyC.filled

6

7

38.A.upB.downC.of

39.A.WhileB.AssoonasC.Before

40.A.didB.willdoC.wasdo

IV.閡讀理解（每小題1.5分，共30分）

A

Teachingisoneofthemostrewarding（有回報的）jobs.Itisalsooneofthemoststressful.Ifyou

wanttobeateacher,youshouldhaveapassion（激情）fbryoungpeople.Ifyouarcthinkingabout

goingintoteachingforanyothericasonthanthis,youneedtofindanotlieijob.

Teachingisdifficult.Studentscanbedifficult.Parentscanbedifficult.Ifyoudonothaveapassion

fbrtheyoungpeoplethatyouteach,youwillbumoutquickly.Passioniswhatkeepsanexcellentteacher

going.Whenstudentshavetroubleunderstandingwhatistaught,itiswhatdriveshimtospendlonghours

tryingtothinkouthowtohelpthem.Ifyoudonothaveenoughpassionforyourstudents,youmightlast

ayearortwo,butnotlong.Passionisamust-havequality（品質(zhì)）fbreverygoodteacher.

Teachingcanberewarding,butyoushouldn'texpectthatrewardtocomeeasily.Teacherswhosearch

outbetterandnewmethodsaretheoneswhowillmakeit.Agoodteacherneedstobeabletoworkwith

everyone.Allteachersfacestress.Itisimportanttobeabletodealwitheverythingthatisthrownatyou

whenyouwalkthroughyourclassroomdoors.Therearesomanychancesfbrstresswithinaclassroom

thatanexcellentteacherhastobeabletobringitincontrol.Ifyoucannotmanagestressquitewell,then

teachingmaynotbetherightjobfbryou.

41.Accordingtothepassage,ifyouwanttobeateacher,.

A.you'dbetteraskthewritertbradviceB.passionisthemostimportant

C.youwillbebestrewardedD.youhavetobeyoungenough

42.Asuccessfulteacherissomeonewho.

A.bumsoutquicklyandeasilyB.facesthemoststressanddifficultparents

C.searchesoutbetterandnewmethodsD.hastherightreasonfbrhisjob

43.Thekeywordsfbrthepassageare.

A.passionandstressB.difficultandrewarding

C.dealwithandbeabletoD.teachersandstudents

44.Moststressisthrownattheteacher.

A.intheclassroomB.fromtheparents

C.inayearortwoD.afterclass

45.Anexcellentteacherknows.

A.howtherewardasateacherwillcome

B.howtomanageeverythingthathappensinhiswork

C.howlonghispassionfbryoungpeoplewilllast

7

8

Dhowmanynewmethodshewillhavetouse

B

Today,anincreasingnumberofpeoplearealwayslookingattheirmobilephoneswiththeirheads

down.ThesepeoplearccalledtheuHcads-downTribe（低（頭族）”.Arcyouahcads-downtribemember

Heads-downtribemembersnowcanbeseeneverywhere.

Moreandmoretrafficaccidentarchappeningbecausedriversusemobilephoneswhentheyarc

driving.Inordertomakedriverspaymoreattentiontodriving,somenewtrafficnileshavebeenmade.

Forexample,hcads-downtribememberswhousemobilephoneswhiledrivingwillbefined￥200.

Aswecanseeabove,usingmobilephonesmaycauseaccidentsandevencostmoney.Besides,more

andmoreinterestingthingshappentothe“Heads-downTribe”.AccordingtoapieceofinterestingTV

news,amaninAmericakeptusinghismobilephoneonhiswayhome.Suddenly,hebumped（撞上）into

abiglostbear.Whenheliftedhiseyesfromthephone,hewassoscaredthatheranawayasquicklyas

possible.

Anotherfactisthatwecanoftenseepeopleintherestauranteatingfacetofacebutlookingattheir

ownmobilephones.Ifsstrangethattheydon'ttalktotheoneswhositoppositetothemduringthemeal.

Someofthemevenhavefuncommunicatingwithothersonthephoneallthetime.

Mobilephonesarehelpfulandnecessarytoolsformodemlife.AremobilephonesgoodorbadIt

dependsonhowpeopleusethem.Let'sbe"healthy“usersandtrynottobethe“Hcads-upTribe”.

46.Whoarccalledthe“Hcads-downTribcMaccordingtothepassage?

A.Peoplewhoarcalwayslookingforsomethingwiththeirheadsdown.

B.Peoplewhoarcalwayslookingattheirmobilephoneswiththeirheadsdown.

C.Peoplewhoarcalwayssadwiththeirheadsdown.

D.Peoplewhoarcalwaysthinkingwiththeirheadsdown.

47.Whatwillhappentoheads-downtribemembersiftheyusemobilephoneswhiledriving

A.Theywillbefined.B.Theirphoneswillbetakenaway.

C.Theywillbegiven￥200.D.Theirdrivinglicensewillbetakenaway.

48.WheredidtheAmericanprobablybumpintothebear?

A.Atazoo.B.Inthestreet.C.Inhishouse.D.Inthemountains.

49.Whenheads-downtribememberseatinarestaurant,.

A.theydon'tusetheirmobilephonesB.theydon'ttalktothepeoplewhositopposite

C.theytalktothestrangersallthetimeD.theyeatfoodallthetime

50.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Mobilephonesarchelpfulandnecessary.B.Let'strytobethe“Hcads-downTribe”.

C.Wcshouldusemobilephonesright.D.Wcshouldn'tusemobilephonesanymore.

8

9_______________________________________________________

Doyouknowhowtoplayagamecalled“MusicalChairs"?Itiseasytoplayandmostpeople

enjoyit.Allyouneedaresomechairs,somepeopleandsomewayofmakingmusic.Youmayusea

pianooranyothermusicalinstrument,ifsomeonecanplayit.Youmayuseataperecorder.Youcan

evenusearadio.

Putthechairsinarow.Thechairsmaybeputintwos,backtoback.Abetterwayistohavethe

chairsinonerowwitheachchairfacingintheoppositedirectiontothechairnexttoit.

Thegameiseasy.Whenthemusicstarts,theplayerswalkroundthechairs.Everyonegoesinthe

samedirection,ofcourse,theyshouldwalkintimetothemusic.Ifthemusicisftisttheyshould

walkquickly.Ifthemusicisslow,theyshouldwalkslowly.

Thepersonplayingmusiccannotseethepeopleinthegame.Whenthemusicstops,theplayerstry

tositonthechairs.Ifapersoncannotfindachairtositon,hedropsout.Then,beforethemusic

startsagain,onechairmustbetakenaway.Whenthemusicstopsagain,onemoreplayerwillbeout.

Atlast,therewillbetwoplayersandonechair.Theonewhositsonthechairwhenthemusicstopsis

thewinner.

51.Iftenpeopleareplayingmusicalchairs,youmustbeginwith.

A.ninechairsB.tenchairs

C.elevenchairsD.onechair

52.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuitablefbrplayingmusicalchairs?.

A.ApianoB.Aradio

C.AtaperecorderD.Atelephone

53.Thechairsshouldbeput.

A.withthedesksB.beforethewinner

C.allovertheroomD.inaline

54.Whenthemusicstarts,theplayersmust.

A.runabouttheroomB.getdown

C.walkaroundthechairsD.sitonthechairs

55.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtme?

A.Thegame"MusicalChairs”isnotdifficulttolearn.

B.Thelastonecansitonthelastchair.

C.Thewinnercansitonthechair.

D.Ifthepersonplaysmusic,hecannotbethewinner.

D

Howdoyouspendyoursparetime?Therewillbedifferentanswerstoit.MostpeopleinPoland

havetheirownwaysofspendingfreetime.Sometimestheyjustwanttohavearest,buttheytrytodo

somethingmorepleasantmostofthetime.Theyhavemanydifferenthobbies,whichhe：pthemtoget

9

10

awayfromtheireverydayproblemsandspendtheirfreetimehappily.

ManyPolishpeopleliketraveling.Theylookfornewplacesthattheyhaveneverbeentoandaddnew

andexcitingexperiencestotheirjourney.Someofthemliketoclimbmountains,,othersliketogotothe

seaoralaketoswim,becausethesescanmakethemgetexerciseandaregoodfbrtheirhealth.

ManyPolishpeoplealsoliketodosportsintheirfreetime.Theyareusuallycrazyaboutfootball,and

footballisregardedasthePolishnationalsport.Manyfootballfansmaysupportacertainteam,sothey

gotowatcheverymatchoftheteamtheysupport,andtheybuymanythingsthathaveanyrelationwith

theteam.Watchingsportanddoingitarebothgoodwaystorelax

Inaddition,doctorssaythatdoingsportsisverygoodfbrthehealth.Manypeopleintown,especially

youngmen,oftengotothegymtoattendtheexerciseclassestokeepfit.

Besidestheseways,Polishpeoplehavemanyotherwaystospendtheirfreetime.Andt