專題06自然科學(xué)研究成果

I|主I題I簡I介|

；2025年高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)新增"自然科學(xué)研究成果”主題，標(biāo)志著英語教育的一次深刻變革與前瞻性

|布局。此舉打破了傳統(tǒng)文科與理科的壁壘，將語言學(xué)習(xí)與全球科技前沿動(dòng)態(tài)緊密結(jié)合，是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生核心素

:養(yǎng)、響應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展需求的關(guān)鍵舉措。這不僅是對(duì)知識(shí)邊界的拓展，更是對(duì)育人目標(biāo)的重新定位，旨在培養(yǎng)

；兼具語言能力與科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的復(fù)合型人才。對(duì)高中生而言，這一主題意味著學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容的極大豐富與現(xiàn)代化。

學(xué)生將接觸到關(guān)于人工智能、基因編輯、太空探索、新能源等領(lǐng)域的真實(shí)語料，在提升英語語言能力的同

時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)精準(zhǔn)、客觀的學(xué)術(shù)表達(dá)c更重要的是，它能有效激發(fā)學(xué)生的科學(xué)興趣，培養(yǎng)其信息篩選、邏輯推

理和批判性思維能力，塑造嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實(shí)的科學(xué)精神。它要求學(xué)生不僅要理解文本的字面意思，更要洞悉其背

后的科學(xué)邏輯與研究方法。從長遠(yuǎn)看，該主題為學(xué)生未來參與國際學(xué)術(shù)交流、閱讀前沿科技文獻(xiàn)奠定了堅(jiān)

實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，有助于培養(yǎng)具備全球視野和國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的創(chuàng)新人才，服務(wù)于國家創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。當(dāng)然，這也

;對(duì)教師的跨學(xué)科素養(yǎng)和教材的時(shí)效性、科學(xué)性提出了更高要求。教師需要從單純的語言傳授考轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)

;學(xué)生探索科學(xué)奧秘的促進(jìn)者，這是教育系統(tǒng)需要共同應(yīng)對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。

I__________________________________________________________________________________________________

原I創(chuàng)I專I練

Passage1

Formillionsofpeoplewithdiabetes,dailyinsulininjectionsareapainfulandchallengingreality.The

repeatedneedforsyringes（注射器）cancauseskinproblemsandleadsomepatientstoskipdoses,resultingin

poorhealth.Foryears,scientistshavesoughtabetterwaytodelivermedicine,buttheskin'snaturalbarriermakes

thisextremelydifficult,especiallyforlargedrugmoleculeslikeinsu'in.

Now.abreakthroughhasbeenachievedbyaresearchteamfromZhejiangUniversity.Theydiscovereda

specialmaterial,apolymer（聚合物）namedOP,whichcanpassthroughtheskinbarriereffectively.Thisfinding

wassurprisingbecausei（waspreviouslybelievedthatlargemoleculescouldnotpenetratetheskininthisway.

TheteamthenexploredhowOPcouldbeusedtodelivermedicine.

Theresearchersdevelopedaclevermethod.TheycombinedOPwithinsulin（胰島素）,creatinganew

substancecalledOP-I.Inthisprocess,OPactslikea"courier,"carryingtheinsulin"package"safelythroughthe

layersoftheskinandintothebloodsystem.Testsonanimalswithdiabetesshowedthatthismethodsuccessfully

loweredbloodsugarlevels.Importantly,(hetechnologywasfound(obesafe;itdidnotdamagetheskinorcause

anysideeffects.

Thesignificanceofthisdiscoveryextendsfarbeyondinsulin.Theresearchteamstatedthatthisdelivery

platformcouldbeusedformanyotherimportantmedicinesthatcurrentlyrequireinjections.Thisincludesdrugs

forotherconditions.Thetechnologyisnowbeingpreparedforwideruse,offeringhopeforafuturewherepeople

withchronicdiseasescanmanagetheirhealthwithout(hefearandinconvenienceofneedles.Thisnewapproach

hasthepoteniial(ogreatlyimprovethequalityoflifeforpatientsworldwide.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocomparedifferenttreatmentsfordiabetes.

B.Tointroduceabreakthroughindrugdelivery.

C.Toexplainthedangersoftraditionalinjections.

D.Toadvertiseanewmedicineforchronicdiseases.

2.HowdoesthenewmaterialOPhelpdeliverinsulin?

A.Bybreaking(heskin'sprotectiveouterlayer.

B.Bychanginginsulinintoasmallermolecule.

C.Byactingasacarriertopassthroughtheskin.

D.Byincreasingbloodflowtoabsorbthedrug.

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewdeliverytechnology?

A.Itiscurrentlyavailableformostdiabetespatients.

B.Itcouldmakesomeotherinjectionsunnecessary.

C.Ilismoreexpensivethantraditionalmethods.

D.Itworksonlyonsmall-moleculecirugs.

4.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthediscoveryofOP'sfunction?

A.Ilwasanuncxpculcdfindingfromanulhcistudy.

B.Itwastheprimarygoaloftheresearchteam.

C.Itwasbasedonwell-knownscientificprinciples.

D.Ilwasconsideredimpossiblebymostscientists.

答案與解析：

文章大意：本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)由中國浙江大學(xué)研究人員取得的突破性進(jìn)展。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一種名為OP

的掙殊材料，能夠像“快遞員”一-樣攜帶胰島素等大分于藥物穿透皮膚屏障，實(shí)現(xiàn)無痛、無創(chuàng)的藥物遞送。

該技術(shù)經(jīng)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證安全有效，且不僅限于胰島素，有望應(yīng)用于其他需要長期注射的慢性病治療，從而

改善患者的生活質(zhì)量。

1.B

主旨大意題。文章的核心內(nèi)容是介紹?種全新的、通過皮膚遞送藥物的突破性技術(shù)。文章從問題（注

射的痛苦）入手，詳細(xì)介紹了這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的原理、發(fā)現(xiàn)過程、安全性和廣闊前景，全文都圍繞這一“突破”展

開,因此，B選項(xiàng)“介紹藥物遞送領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)突破“最能概括文章主旨。

2.C

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“OPactslikea'courier,'carryingtheinsulin'package'safelythroughthe

layersoftheskinM,明確指出OP的作用是作為“快遞員”或“載體”，攜帶胰島素穿透皮膚。C選項(xiàng)是對(duì)此功

能的準(zhǔn)確概括。

3.B

推理判斷判。文章最后一段提至I],“thisdeliveryplatformcouldbeusedformanyotherimportantmedicines

thatcurrentlyrequireinjections”以及"offeringhopetorafiiturewherepeoplewithchronicdiseasescanmanage

theirhealthwithout...needles'"由止;可以推斷，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)有可能讓其他一些需要注射的藥物也不再需要注射。

B選項(xiàng)是該推斷的合理表述。

4.A

推理判斷題。文章第二段提到，研究人員是在初步研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)0P在腫瘤組織中具有出色的滲透性，

然后才“wonderedwhetherOPcouldalsoefficientlypermeateskintissues”（想知道OP是否也能有效滲透皮膚

組織）。這表明，OP在藥物遞送上的新功能是在另一項(xiàng)研究中的初步發(fā)現(xiàn)，是一個(gè)意料之外的發(fā)現(xiàn)。A選

項(xiàng)符合文意。

Passage2

WhenChina'sChang'e6probebroughtbacksoilfromthemoon'sfarside,scientistsnoticedsomething

unusual.Unlike（heloose,sandysoilcollectedfromthenearsidebyChang'e5,thisnewsoilwasstrangelysticky

andclumpy.Thismysteryhasnowbeensolved,revealingimportantinformationforfuturespaceexploration.

Chinesescientistslaunchedastudytofindthecause.Theyfirstruledouttheobviousreasonsforstickiness,

suchasmoistureormagneticforces,findingnoevidenceofeither.Theythenperformedasimpletest,observing

howsteeplythesoilcouldpileup.Theresultsshowedthatthefar-sidesoilcouldformmuchsteeperslopes,

behavingmorelikedampgardensoilthandrybeachsand.Thisconfirmeditsspecialcohesivenature.

Theanswer,theydiscovered,liesintheshapeandsizeofthesoil'stinyparticles.Usingspecial3Dimages,

researchersfoundthattheparticlesfromthefarsideareextremelysmallandhaveunusuallysharp,roughedges.

Theseuniquefeaturescausetheparticlestosticktogether.Theroughsurfacescreatemorefriction,lockingthe

pieces,andbecausetheparticlesaresotiny,theyarepulledtogetherbyweaknaturalforces.

Whyaretheseparticlessodifferent?Themoon'sfarsidehassufferedmuchmorefromtheharshspace

environment.Formillionsofyears,ithasbeenconstantlyhitbytinyspacerocksandblownbypowerfulsolar

winds.Thisintensespaceweatheringhasnotonlybrokentheparticlesdownbutalsomeltedandjoined(heminto

complex,sharp-edgedshapes,making(hesoilfarmorecohesive.

Understanding(hisstickysoilismorethanjustsolvingascientificpuzzle;itisacriticalengineering

challenge.Thisrough,stickymaterialcouldblockmachines,coversolarpanels,andjamthejointsofaspacesuit.

Knowingitspropertieshelpsengineersdesignbetterrovers,landingpads,andequipmentforfuturelunarbases,

ensuringthathumanity'snextstepsonthemoonaresuccessful.

1.Whatdoesthepassageaimtodo"

A.TocomparethedifferentgoalsoftheChang'e5and6missions.

B.lbdiscuss(hecauseofstickylunarsoilanditsimportance.

C.Toarguethatthemoon'sfarsideisabetterplaceforexploration.

D.Todescribetheprocessofbuildingalong-termlunarbase.

2.Whydothelunarsoilparticlesfromthefarsidesticktogether?

A.Becausetheycontainaspecialstickymineral.

B.Duetotheirroughsurfacesandtinysize.

C.Becausetheywereoncemeltedbythesun'sextremeheat.

D.Duetothepresenceofunseenwaterinthesoil.

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesoilonthemoon'snearside?

A.Itsparticlesarelikelylargerandsmoother.

B.Ilisunsuitablefuranyfutuicuoiislruction.

C.Ithasbeenexposedtomoresolarwind.

D.Itcontainsfewermineralsthanthefarside.

4.Thefindingaboutthesoil'stextureismostcriticalfor.

A.astronomersstudyingthemoon'shistory

B.engineersdesigningfuturemoonequipment

C.geologistsanalyzingthemoon'smineralmakeup

D.astronautsplanningtheirwalkroutesonthemoon

答案與解析：

文章大意：本文解釋了中國科學(xué)家如何揭開月球背面土壤粘性之謎。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是由于該區(qū)域的土

壤顆粒極其微小且形狀尖銳，這種特性是由更劇烈的空間風(fēng)化造成的。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于未來月球基地的建設(shè)

和設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)具有重要的工程意義，

I.B

主旨大意題。文章開篇提出月球背面土壤粘性的謎題，接著詳細(xì)解釋了其原因（顆粒微小、形狀尖

銳），最后闡述了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)未來月球探索的重要工程意義。選項(xiàng)B"discussthecauseofstickyunarsoiland

itsimportance”（討論粘性月壤的原因及其重要性）最全面地概括了文章的核心內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)A（比較嫦娥五

號(hào)和六號(hào)任務(wù)）只是文章的引子，過于片面。選項(xiàng)C（論證月球背面更適合探索）文章并未提及。選項(xiàng)D

（描述建立月球基地的過程）超出了文章范圍，文章只提到這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)建基地有幫助。

2.B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Theanswer...liesintheshapeandsizeofthesoil'stinyparticles...the

particlesfromthefarsideareextremelysmallandhaveunusuallysharp,roughedges.Theseuniquefeaturescause

theparticlestosticktogether.Theroughsurfacescreatemorefriction...becausetheparticlesaresotiny,theyare

pulledtogetherbyweaknaturalforces.''可知，土壤顆粒粘在一起的原因是其粗糙的表面和微小的尺寸。選

項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確地概括了這兩點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A（含有特殊粘性礦物）與第二段中科學(xué)家排除了水分和磁性等常見原因

的信息不符.選項(xiàng)C（被太陽高溫融化）與第四段提到的被微小隕石撞擊和太陽風(fēng)作用不符.選項(xiàng)D（含

有未發(fā)現(xiàn)的水）與第二段明確排除水分的信息直接矛盾。

3.A

推理判斷題。文章第二段提到，近側(cè)土壤是“l(fā)oose,sandy“（松散、多沙的），而遠(yuǎn)側(cè)土壤是“stickyand

clumpy”（粘性、結(jié)塊的）。第三段解釋遠(yuǎn)側(cè)土壤粘性的原因是顆?！癳xtremelysmallandhaveunusuallysharp,

roughedges”（極其微小且有異常尖銳、粗糙的邊緣）。通過對(duì)匕，我們可以合理推斷出，近側(cè)土壤之所以

松數(shù)，是因?yàn)槠漕w粒特性與遠(yuǎn)側(cè)相反，即顆粒可能更大、更光滑。選項(xiàng)A符合此推斷。選項(xiàng)B（不適合木

來建設(shè)）過于絕對(duì)，文章未提及，選項(xiàng)C（暴露在更多太陽風(fēng)下）與第四段”遠(yuǎn)側(cè)遭受了更多空間風(fēng)化”的

信息相反。選項(xiàng)D（礦物更少）文章沒有對(duì)兩地的礦物含量進(jìn)行直接比較。

4.B

推理判斷題。文章最后一段明確指出，“Understandingthisstickysoilismorethanjustsolvingascientific

puzzle;itisacriticalengineeringchallenge...Knowingitspropertieshelpsengineersdesignbetterrcvers,landing

pads,andequipmenttorfuturelunarbases...”。這直接說明了該發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于_L程師設(shè)計(jì)未來月球設(shè)備至關(guān)重要。

選項(xiàng)B（為設(shè)計(jì)未來月球設(shè)備的工程師）是這一信息的直接體現(xiàn)。選項(xiàng)A（天文學(xué)家）、C（地質(zhì)學(xué)家）和

D（宇航員）雖然也可能對(duì)此感興趣，但文章明確強(qiáng)調(diào)了其在“工程挑戰(zhàn)”和“設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)備”方面的核心價(jià)值，

因比B選項(xiàng)是最佳答案。

Passage3

Depressionisaglobalmentalhealthchallengeaffectingmillions.Whilesomeexistingtreatmentscanoffer

rapidrelief,iheiruseisoftenlimiteddueioserioussideeffectsandalackofunderstandingofhow（heywork.For

decades,theexactbiologicalprocessesbehindthesepowerfultherapieshaveremainedamystery,preventing

doctorsfromfullyusingtheirbenefitsandmanagingtheirrisks.Thissituationhasmadedevelopingbetter

treatmentsa（oppriorityformedicalresearchers.

Now,abreakthroughbyChinesescientistshasshedlightonthismystery.Usinganewobservationmethod,

theydiscoveredacommonmechanismbehindtwomajortherapies.Theyfoundthatbothtreatmentscauseasharp

andlastingincreaseinakeybrainchemicalinareasthatcontrolmood.Thissharedstartingpointwaspreviously

unknownandrepresentsamajorstepforwardinunderstandinghowtofightdepressionmoreeffectively.

Thisdiscoveryisparticularlyimportantforoneofthetreatments,apowerfulmedicine.Theresearchshowsit

worksmainlybychangingcellenergy,notthroughaprocesspreviouslythoughttocausesideeffectslike

unpleasantmentalexperiences.Basedon（hisnewunderstanding,（heteamhasalreadydevelopednewmedicines.

Inanimaltests,thesenewdrugsshowedstrongantidepressanteffectswithfarfewersideeffects,offeringhopefor

saferfuturetreatments.

Theresearchhasalsoopenedadoortonon-drugtreatments.Scientistsdiscoveredthatasimplephysical

method,abriefandcontrolledspecialbreathingexercise,canalsoactivatethisbrainchemicalpathway.Animal

studiesshowed（hismethodisbothsafeandeffective,producingapowerfulantidepressanteffectwithout

medicine.Thissuggestsacompletelynew,simple,andlow-costway（ohelppeoplewithdepression.

Buildingonthisfinding,atreatmentdevicebasedonthebreathingtechniqueisbeingdeveloped.Initialtests

showitissafeandaffordable.Theteamaims（ocompleteclinicaltrialsandintroducethisnewtherapytothe

marketinthecomingyears,promisinganewerainthetreatmentofdepression.

1.Whatdoesthepassagewanttoconvey?

A.Theeffectivenessofdifferentantidepressantdrugs.

B.Abreakthroughinunderstandingandtreatingdepression.

C.Thewideruseofaspecificfast-actingtreatment.

D.Thesideeffectsofcurrentdepressiontherapies.

2.Whatdidthenewresearchrevealaboutthepowerfulmedicine?

A.Itworksbyaprocessthatdirectlycausessideeffects.

B.Itsprimaryfunctionisrelatedtocellenergychanges.

C.Itistheonlytreatmentthatincreasesthebrainchemical.

D.Itseffectsonmoodareslowerthanpreviouslythought.

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewbreathing-basedtherapy?

A.Itwillcompletelyreplacetheneedformedicine.

B.Itisconsideredapromisingfuturetreatment.

C.Itismoreeffectivethanthedrug-basedtreatments.

D.ItisalreadywidelyusedinhospitalsacrossChina.

4.Whyisthediscoveryofacommonmechanismimportant?

A.Itprovesthatalldepressiontreatmentsarethesame.

B.Ilallowsforthecreationofsaferandimprovedtreatments.

C.Itshowsthatphysicalmethodsarebetterthandrugs.

D.Ithelpsdoctorschoosetherightstrategyforindividuals.

答案與解析?：

文章大意：本文介紹了一項(xiàng)由中國科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的突破性研究，該研究揭示了兩種快速起效的抗抑郁療

法背后的共同機(jī)制。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅解釋了現(xiàn)有療法如何起作用并導(dǎo)致副作用，而且還促成了具有更少副作

用的新藥的開發(fā)。此外，該研究還提出了一種基于呼吸技術(shù)的簡單、安全且非藥物的新治療方法，為抑郁

癥的未來治療帶來了希望。

1.B

主旨大意題。文章開篇提出抑郁癥治療的困境，接著詳細(xì)介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)突破，該突破揭示了療法的

共司機(jī)制，并基丁此開發(fā)了新藥卻新的非藥物疔法。文章的核心是介紹這“突破”及其帶來的新希望。選

項(xiàng)A“比較不同藥物的效果”過于片面，文章還提到了非藥物療法。選項(xiàng)C”主張廣泛使用某種特定療法”與

原文內(nèi)容不符，原文指出現(xiàn)有療法因副作用而使用受限。選項(xiàng)D”描述當(dāng)前療法的副作用”只是文章的一部

分背景信息，不是主旨。選項(xiàng)方?介紹一項(xiàng)在理解和治療抑郁癥方面的突破''最準(zhǔn)確地概括了全文的核心內(nèi)

容，

2.B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Theresearchshowsitworksmainlybychangingcellenergy,notthrougha

processpreviouslythoughtlocausesideeffects..可知新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那種強(qiáng)效藥物（即氯胺酮）主要是通過

改變細(xì)胞能量來起作用的。選項(xiàng)B”其主要功能與細(xì)胞能量變化有關(guān)”是對(duì)原文信息的準(zhǔn)確轉(zhuǎn)述。選項(xiàng)A與

原文信息相反。選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤,因?yàn)槲恼碌诙翁岬健癰othtreatmentscauseasharpandlastingincrease”,說明

不止?種療法能增加該大腦化學(xué)物質(zhì)。選項(xiàng)D在文中沒有信息支持，原文提到該療法是快速起效的。

3.B

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段和第五段，新的呼吸療法被描述為“safeandeffective"、“simple,and

low-cost”，并且相關(guān)設(shè)備正在開發(fā)，旨在“promisinganewerainthetreatmentofdepression”。這些積極的描

述表明，這種療法被認(rèn)為是一種非常有前景的未來治療方法。選項(xiàng)A”將完全取代藥物”表述過于絕對(duì)，文

章沒有提供這樣的信息。選項(xiàng)C“比藥物治療更有效”文中沒有進(jìn)行直接比較，無法推出。選項(xiàng)D“已在中國

醫(yī)院廣泛使用”與原文“isbeingdeveloped"和"aimstocompleteclinicaltrials”的信息相矛盾。

4.B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題，考杏對(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)重要性的理解。文章第二段樨到發(fā)現(xiàn)共同機(jī)制是“amajorstepforward"，第三

段指出基于此發(fā)現(xiàn)“developednewmedicines”with“farfewersiceeffects"，第四段提到這“openedadoorto

non-drugtreatments^綜合來看，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性在于它為創(chuàng)造更安全、更優(yōu)化的治療方法（包括藥物

和非藥物）提供了可能。選項(xiàng)B”允許創(chuàng)造更安全、更優(yōu)化的治療方法”是對(duì)全文信息的正確總結(jié)。選項(xiàng)A“證

明所有療法都一樣''是錯(cuò)誤的過度推斷。選項(xiàng)C“表明物理方法比藥物好”文中沒有這樣的價(jià)值判斷。選項(xiàng)

D“幫助醫(yī)生為個(gè)人選擇正確策略”雖然文中提到了個(gè)體化治療的重要性，但并非這?“發(fā)現(xiàn)”的直接重要性，

發(fā)現(xiàn)的核心意義在于創(chuàng)造新療法,

Passage4

China'spolarresearchteamhascompletedapioneeringdccp-scamission,markingafirstincooperative

dccp-scamissionsinvolvingmannedsubmersibles（潛水器）.Theteamreturnedtoportaftera98-dayexpedition,

muchofwhichwasspentwithintheArcticCircle.Thejourneywasundertakenbytheworld'sfirstice-breaking

supportshipformanneddeep-seasubmersibles,Tansuo3,carryingtwoChina-developedsubmersibles,

FendouzheandJiaolong.Thissignificantmissionwasorganizedbyleadingnationalscientificinstitutions.

Duringtheexpedition,theteamoperatedintheArcticOceanfor56days,navigatingthroughice-covered

waterstoconductaseriesofscientificinvestigations.Akeyachievementwasthefirst-evercooperativeoperation

betweenthesubmersiblesJiaolongandFendouzhe.Theyworkedtogetherontaskslikeunderwatersearchesand

filming.Furthermore,theteamconductedtheworld'sfirstmanneddeep-seaexplorationofapreviouslyunvisited

ridgein（heArctic'scentralbasin,anareawithover80%seaicecoverage.Fendouzhecompleted32dives,

operatingeffectivelyduringthepolardayandnight,andinharsh(惡劣的)weatherconditions.

Thismissionsuccessfullyprovedtheoperationalcapabilitiesofthevesselandsubmersiblesinpolar

ice-coveredregions.Itledtomajortechnologicaladvancementsandestablishednewmethods:oroperating

submersiblesunderextremepolarconditions.Theteamalsopioneeredaspecialmobileice-divingmodel,where

thesupportvesselandsubmersiblecoordinatecloselyinthickicc.Thisinnovationensuressafeandprecise

movement,thusexpandingthewindowforscientificresearch.

Theefforthasbuiltaskilledpolardivingteam,establishingChinaastheonlynationtoperformcontinuous

mannedsubmersibleoperationsintheArctic'sdenseicezones.Thisachievementsolidifiesthecountry'sglobal

leadershipindeep-seatechnology.Thesamplesanddatacollected,includingwater,rocks,andbiological

materials,willprovidecriticalscientificsupport.TheywillhelpscientistsunderstandArcticclimatechange,

uniquegeologicalprocesses,andhewlifeadaptstotheextremepolarenvironment.

1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofth?passage?

A.TopraisetheachievementsofChina'sshipbuildingindustry.

B.Todiscuss(hesignificanceandoutcomesofapioneeringChinesedeep-seamission.

C.ToreportontherapidchangesinArcticseaicelevels.

D.TointroducethespecificfunctionsoftheFendouzhesubmersible.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthearticleaboutothercountries'deep-seaexploration?

A.Theyhavenotyetdevelopedsubmersiblescapableofreaching5.00()meters.

B.Theyaremainlyfocusedongeologicalresearchratherthanbiology.

C.TheylikelylackthetechnologyforcontinuousoperationsindenseArcticice.

D.Theyprefertoconductresearchduring(heArcticsummer.

3.Howdidtheteammanagetoexpanditsoperationalwindowinpolaricezones?

A.Byusingamorepowerfulice-breakingship.

B.Bydevelopingamobileice-divingmodelwithclosevcsscl-biibincrsiblccuurdinalioii.

C.Byestablishingnewoperationalrulesforextremeweather.

D.Bylimitingdivestoperiodsofpolarday.

4.Themainvalueofthecollectedsamplesandobservationsliesintheirabilityto.

A.provethatsubmersiblesaremoreeffectivethanhumanscientists

B.helpunderstandvariousnaturalprocessesintheArcticenvironment

C.establishalegalbasistorfutureminingoperationsintheArctic

D.showthatdeep-sealifecannotsurviveinextremecold

答案與解析

文章大意：本文報(bào)道了中國科考團(tuán)隊(duì)完成的一項(xiàng)開創(chuàng)性北極深海任務(wù)。文章重點(diǎn)介紹了“奮斗者”號(hào)與

“蛟龍”號(hào)載人潛水器的首次協(xié)同作業(yè)、在極端冰區(qū)環(huán)境下取得的技術(shù)突破、中國在該領(lǐng)域確立的全球領(lǐng)先

地位，以及此次任務(wù)所采集的珍貴樣本對(duì)未來北極科學(xué)研究的重要價(jià)值。

I.B

主旨大意題。文章通篇圍繞中國的一項(xiàng)開創(chuàng)性深海任務(wù)展開，從任務(wù)的完成、兩大潛水器的協(xié)同作業(yè)、

技術(shù)突破、確立的全球地位，到采集樣本的科學(xué)價(jià)值，全面討論了此次任務(wù)的意義和成果。選項(xiàng)A只提到

了造船業(yè)，過于片面；選項(xiàng)C只提到了海冰變化，只是文章涉及的背景之一；選項(xiàng)D只介紹了“奮斗者”

號(hào)，忽略了“蛟龍”號(hào)和任務(wù)的整體性。因此，B選項(xiàng)最能準(zhǔn)確概括全文主旨。

2.C

推理判斷題。9章第三段明詢指出，中國是“世界上唯一一個(gè)在北極密集冰區(qū)講行連續(xù)載人潛水器作

業(yè)的國家由此可以合理推斷，其他國家目前尚未掌握或?qū)崿F(xiàn)在這種極端環(huán)境下進(jìn)行連續(xù)作業(yè)的技術(shù)。

選項(xiàng)A（未達(dá)到5000米深度）和選項(xiàng)D（偏愛夏季作業(yè)）在文中沒有信息支持；選項(xiàng)B（專注于地質(zhì)而非

生物）與文末提到的生物樣本信息相悖。因此，C是最佳推斷。

3.B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段最后?句提到，"Theteamalsopioneeredaspecialmobileice-divingmodel,

wherethesupportvesselandsubmersiblecoordinatecloselyinthickice...thusexpandingthewindowfor

scientificresearch."這直接說明了團(tuán)隊(duì)是通過開發(fā)一種“支持船與潛水器緊密協(xié)調(diào)的移動(dòng)冰潛噗式”來擴(kuò)大

作業(yè)窗口的。選項(xiàng)A（使用更強(qiáng)大的破冰船）雖然船是破冰船，但文中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“協(xié)調(diào)模式”這一創(chuàng)新方法；

選項(xiàng)C（建立新規(guī)則）和選項(xiàng)D（限制在極晝作業(yè)）與原文信息不符。

4.B

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段指出，采集的樣本和數(shù)據(jù)將為“理解北極氣候變化、獨(dú)特的地質(zhì)過程以及

生命如何適應(yīng)極端極地環(huán)境提供關(guān)鍵的科學(xué)支持”。這表明其主耍價(jià)值在丁幫助科學(xué)家理解北極環(huán)境的多

種自然過程。選項(xiàng)A（證明潛水器比人更有效）文中未作比較；選項(xiàng)C（為采礦建立法律依據(jù)）和選項(xiàng)D

（表明深海生物無法生存）與原文信息無關(guān)或相反。因此，B選項(xiàng)準(zhǔn)確概括了樣本的價(jià)值。

Passage5

AChineseresearchteamhascreatedahighlyimportantatlasthatmapstheconnectionsbetweenchemicalsin

humanbloodandawiderangeofdiseases.Thissignificantworkprovidesastrongbasisfortheearlydiscoveryof

illnesses,predictingtheirdevelopment,andfindingnewmedicines.Thefindingsofferavaluablenewtoolforthe

futureofmedicalscience.

Theresearcherscarefullystudiedthelinksbetweenhundredsofbloodchemicalsandthousandsofhuman

characteristicsanddiseases.Theyfoundthatthesebloodsubstancesserveaskeysigns,reflectingthecomplex

effectsofourgenes,dailybehaviors,andtheenvironmentonourhealth.Theanalysisidentifiedtensofthousands

ofsignificantconnections,highlightingthatproblemswithhow(hebodyprocessesfathaveawidespreadeffect

acrossmanydifferentdiseasesystems.Thisdiscoverysuggestsacommonrootformanyseeminglyunrelated

healthissues.

Oneofthemostcriticaldiscoveriesisaboutthetimelineofadisease'sdevelopment.Thestudyrevealedthat

formorethanhalfoftheimportantchemicalsigns,unusuallevelsinthebloodcouldbefounduptotenyears

beforeadoctorcouldofficiallydiagnosetheillness.Furthermore,theresearchersobservedthatthesechemical

indicatorsgothroughmajorchangesattwokeypointsinaperson'slife:aroundtheagesof46and64.Thisinsight

intolimingiscrucialfortrulyearlyintervention.

Forpracticaluseinhealthcare,theteamdevelopedachemical-basedriskscore.Thisscorecanbeused(o

helpaccuratelydiagnose94knowndiseasesandpredicttheriskof81newones.Amongthemanysubstances,a

fewlikecreatinineandalbuminwereconfirmedasespeciallypowerfulindicatorsofaperson'shea'thcondition.

Thissystemallowsdoctorstoassessapatient'sriskprofilewithgreateraccuracy.

Ultimately,thisresearchmarksastepforwardinprecisionmedicine.Itoffersasystematicwaytodetect

earlywarningsignalsofdiseasesbysimplymonitoringchangesinbloodchemicals.Thisenablesdoctorsto

predictcertaindiseaserisksinadvance.Basedonanindividual'suniquechemicalprofile,physicianscanthen

createhighlypersonalizedplansfordiet,exercise,andmedication,achievinganewlevelofpatient-centeredcare.

1.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodobythepassage?

A.Toargueforahealthierlifestyle.

B.Toinliuduccasuicnlificbicitklliruugliindiseaseprcdiuliun.

C.Tocomparedifferentmethodsofmedicaldiagnosis.

D.Toexplainthechemicalprocessesinhumanblood.

2.Whatcanbeinferredabout(hefutureofmedicalcareaccordingtothepassage?

A.Doctorswillrelylessonpatients'personalreports.

B.Treatmentwillbecomemorepreventativeandpersonalized.

C.Alldiseaseswillbeeasilycuredinthenextdecade.

D.Geneticinformationwillnolongerbenecessary.

3.Whatmakesthisnewatlasparticularlyvaluableforearlydetection?

A.Itcandetectsignsofillnessmanyyearsbeforesymptomsappear.

B.Itcoversthewidestrangeofdiseaseseverstudied.

C.Itfocusesmainlyonproblemsrelatedtofatintheblood.

D.ItwasdevelopedbyaleadingresearchteaminChina.

4.Whyarebloodchemicalsconsideredimportantindicatorsofhealth?

A.Theyareeasiertomeasurethanothersigns.

B.Theydirectlycausemostcommonhumandiseases.

C.Theyshowthecombinedeffectsofvariouslifefactors.

D.Theyremainstablethroughoutaperson'sadultlife.

答案與解析

文章大意:本文介紹了一項(xiàng)由中國科研團(tuán)隊(duì)完成的突破性研究。該研究創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)血液化學(xué)物質(zhì)與人類

疾病之間的關(guān)聯(lián)圖譜，揭示了通過監(jiān)測(cè)血液中化學(xué)物質(zhì)的變化，可以在臨床癥狀出現(xiàn)前數(shù)年甚至卜年就預(yù)

測(cè)疾病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這項(xiàng)成果不僅有助于疾病的早期診斷和新藥研發(fā)，更推動(dòng)了基于個(gè)人代謝特征的精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)療和

個(gè)性化治療的發(fā)展。

1.B

主旨大意題“文章開篇即點(diǎn)明中國科研團(tuán)隊(duì)創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)連接血液化學(xué)物質(zhì)弓多種疾病的重要圖譜，后

文詳細(xì)闡述了其工作原理、關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)（如提前十年預(yù)警）和臨床應(yīng)用價(jià)值（如個(gè)性化治療）。全文圍繞這

一科學(xué)突破及其在疾病預(yù)測(cè)方面的重大意義展開。B項(xiàng)介準(zhǔn)確概括了全文的核心內(nèi)容及作者的寫作目的,

即介紹該圖譜及其在預(yù)測(cè)疾病方面的價(jià)值。

2.B

推理判斷題。章最后一段明詢指出，這項(xiàng)研究通過監(jiān)測(cè)血液化學(xué)物質(zhì)的變化，可以在疾病發(fā)生前發(fā)現(xiàn)

預(yù)警信號(hào)，從而提前預(yù)測(cè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。醫(yī)生可以據(jù)此為個(gè)人制定飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)和用藥計(jì)劃，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的個(gè)性化治疔。

這直接暗示了未來的醫(yī)療將更側(cè)重于“預(yù)防”和“個(gè)性化”。B項(xiàng)這與文章最后一段的描述完全吻合，是基于

文本信息的合理推斷。

3.A

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題目問的是該圖譜對(duì)于“早期檢測(cè)''的"特殊價(jià)值''是什么。文章第三段明確指出，該研究

最關(guān)鍵的發(fā)現(xiàn)之一是“對(duì)于超過一半的重要化學(xué)指標(biāo)，在臨床診斷前長達(dá)十年就能檢測(cè)到異常水平這個(gè)

“提前十年''的時(shí)間跨度正是具對(duì)于早期檢測(cè)的巨大價(jià)值所在。AJ貝正是對(duì)第二段核心信息的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

4.C

推理判斷題。題目詢問為什么血液化學(xué)物質(zhì)被認(rèn)為是健康的重要指標(biāo)。文章第二段解釋道：“這些血

液物質(zhì)是關(guān)鍵指標(biāo)，反映了基因、日常行為和環(huán)境對(duì)我們身體產(chǎn)生的復(fù)雜影響這意味著血液化學(xué)物質(zhì)

是多種因素共同作用的結(jié)果。C項(xiàng)正是對(duì)第二.段“reflectingthecomplexeffectsofourgenes,dailybehaviors,

andtheenvironment”的準(zhǔn)確概括。

Passage6

AresearchinstituteatFudanUniversity,celebratingits10thanniversary,recentlyannouncedthe

establishmentoftwojointlaboratories.Onelab,partneringwithahospitalmanagementcompany,aimstoprovide

low-costearlytestsforseriousbrainillnesses.Theother,workingwithaconstructiongroup,willuseartificial

intelligencetoimprovebuildingsafetyandefficiency.Eachpartnercompanyisinvesting12millionyuan,

showinghowscientificresearchisbeingappliedinreal-worldindustries.

Thedeanoftheinstitute,FengJianfeng,emphasizedthatpreventingdiseasesismoreimportantthancuring

them.HisteamhasdevelopednewmethodsusingbloodsamplescombinedwithAlalgorithmstoidentifyearly

signsofbraindiseaseslikeAlzheimer's.Thisallowsforearlyintervention.Amajorbreakthroughwascreatinga

methodtopredictAlzheimer'supto15yearsinadvancewith91%accuracy.Theirapproachusessimpleblood

tests,avoidingdifficultanduncomtbrlablemedicaltestsforpatients.

Besidesdiseaseprediction,theinstitutehasachievedotherworld-classsuccesses.Itcreatedtheworld'sfirst

completecomputermodelofthebrainattheneuronallevel,seenasamajorstepforwardforbothmedicineand

AIdevelopment.Anotherbreakthroughinvolvedspecialoperationsconnectingthebrainandspine,whichhave

enabledparalyzedpatientstostandandwalkagainbyusingtheirthoughtstocontroltheirbodies.

Theseachievementshavebroughttheinstitutesignificantinternationalattention.Aftertheresultswere

published,scientistsfromaroundtheworld,includingtheU.S.andEurope,reachedouttodiscusscollaborations.

Foreignconsulatesalsomadeinquiries,hopingtousetheinstitute'stechnologiestoassisttheircitizens.This

globalinteresthi