年全國(guó)碩士研究生招生考試英語（一）真題及答案（涵蓋完形填空、閱讀理解、新題型、翻譯、寫作五大題型）SectionIUseofEnglish（10分）真題原文Communitygardenshavebecomeincreasinglypopularinurbanareas,offeringresidentsachancetoconnectwithnaturewhilegrowingtheirownfood.Thesegreenspacesnotonly1freshproducebutalsofostersocialconnectionsandimprovementalwell-being.ArecentstudypublishedintheJournalofUrbanHealthfoundthatpeoplewhoparticipateincommunitygardeningreportlowerlevelsofstressandhigherlifesatisfaction.The2benefitsareattributedtobothphysicalactivityandsocialinteraction.Workingsidebysideinthesoil,gardenersoftenform3bondsthatextendbeyondthegardengates.However,startingacommunitygardenisnotwithoutchallenges.Securinglandrights,obtainingfunding,and4diversegroupparticipationcanbedifficult.Manyinitiativesfailbecauseofpoororganizationorlackoflong-term5.Successfulprojectstypicallyhaveclearleadershipand6rulesfordecision-making.Theenvironmental7aresignificanttoo.Communitygardenshelpreduceurbanheatbyprovidingshadeandgreenery.Theyalsopromotebiodiversitybycreatinghabitatsforpollinators.8,thesegardenscanimproveairqualitybyabsorbingpollutantsandreleasingoxygen.Ascitiescontinuetogrow,communitygardensoffera9solutiontomanyurbanproblems.Theytransformunderusedspacesintovibrantcentersof10,bringingpeopletogetherwhilecontributingtoahealthierenvironment.題號(hào)選項(xiàng)答案1A.yieldB.introduceC.deliverD.preserveA2A.emotionalB.physicalC.mentalD.psychologicalA3A.temporaryB.lastingC.fragileD.casualB4A.encouragingB.requiringC.assigningD.forcingA5A.passionB.commitmentC.curiosityD.attentionB6A.flexibleB.arbitraryC.establishedD.ambiguousC7A.aspectsB.impactsC.concernsD.factorsB8A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.OtherwiseD.MeanwhileB9A.partialB.complexC.uniqueD.comprehensiveD10A.activityB.energyC.communityD.growthC核心解析第1題：yield（產(chǎn)出），對(duì)應(yīng)“種植新鮮農(nóng)產(chǎn)品”的語境，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語義。第2題：emotional（情感的），后文提到社交互動(dòng)帶來的益處，屬于情感層面。第3題：lasting（持久的），花園中形成的友誼超越花園本身，應(yīng)為持久的紐帶。第4題：encouraging（鼓勵(lì)），鼓勵(lì)多元群體參與，符合社區(qū)花園的運(yùn)營(yíng)邏輯。第5題：commitment（投入），長(zhǎng)期投入是項(xiàng)目成功的關(guān)鍵，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語境。第6題：established（既定的），成功項(xiàng)目有明確的決策規(guī)則，而非靈活或模糊的規(guī)則。第7題：impacts（影響），后文闡述社區(qū)花園對(duì)環(huán)境的多方面影響。第8題：Moreover（此外），進(jìn)一步說明花園的環(huán)境益處，表遞進(jìn)。第9題：comprehensive（全面的），社區(qū)花園解決多種城市問題，是全面的解決方案。第10題：community（社區(qū)），花園成為社區(qū)活動(dòng)中心，促進(jìn)人際聯(lián)結(jié)。SectionIIReadingComprehension（60分）PartA傳統(tǒng)閱讀（40分）Text1（遠(yuǎn)程辦公）題號(hào)2122232425答案CBCAB核心解析21題：C（Theywereinitiallytemporarymeasures.），原文提到遠(yuǎn)程辦公起初是臨時(shí)解決方案，后來成為許多公司的永久安排。22題：B（Reducedsocialconnectionsatwork.），遠(yuǎn)程團(tuán)隊(duì)的社會(huì)資本下降34%，即職場(chǎng)社交減少。23題：C（Byorganizingvirtualteamactivities.），公司通過虛擬團(tuán)建等方式應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)。24題：A（Improvedemployeeperformance.），斯坦福研究發(fā)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程工作效率提升13%。25題：B（Hybridapproachescombinethebestelements.），作者認(rèn)為混合模式結(jié)合了線下和遠(yuǎn)程的優(yōu)勢(shì)。Text2（人工智能與歷史保護(hù)）題號(hào)2627282930答案BBCAC核心解析26題：B（AItechnologyisaidinghistoricalpreservationefforts.），文章主旨是AI輔助歷史文物修復(fù)。27題：B（Itcomparesdamageditemstosimilarundamagedones.），AI通過對(duì)比無損文物數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行修復(fù)。28題：C（Reconstructingadamaged15th-centuryfresco.），佛羅倫薩的15世紀(jì)壁畫修復(fù)案例。29題：A（Itmayintroducemodernbiases.），批評(píng)者擔(dān)心AI修復(fù)引入現(xiàn)代偏見。30題：C（Topredictwhereartifactsmightbefound.），考古學(xué)家用AI預(yù)測(cè)發(fā)掘地點(diǎn)。Text3（斯洛文尼亞數(shù)字文化保護(hù)）題號(hào)3132333435答案BCBAB核心解析31題：B（Todocumentandpreserveculturalheritage.），項(xiàng)目旨在記錄和保護(hù)文化遺產(chǎn)。32題：C（Byinterviewinggrandparentsaboutthepast.），學(xué)生通過采訪祖輩參與項(xiàng)目。33題：B（Restoringflood-damagedbuildings.），3D模型用于修復(fù)洪水損壞的建筑。34題：A（Throughvirtualtoursaccessibleonsmartphones.），虛擬導(dǎo)覽提升游客體驗(yàn)。35題：B（Theywerereluctanttosharetheirstories.），部分老人最初不愿分享故事。Text4（氣候變化與咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)）題號(hào)3637383940答案CABAD核心解析36題：C（Climatechangeimpactsongrowingconditions.），氣候變化威脅咖啡種植環(huán)境。37題：A（Halfofcurrentlandmaybecomeunsuitable.），國(guó)際咖啡組織預(yù)測(cè)2050年50%種植地可能不適宜種植。38題：B（Theycannotaffordadaptationmeasures.），小農(nóng)戶缺乏資源進(jìn)行適應(yīng)性調(diào)整。39題：A（Throughclimate-resistantcoffeevarieties.），行業(yè)通過培育抗逆品種應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)。40題：D（Urbanfarminginitiatives.），城市農(nóng)業(yè)探索室內(nèi)咖啡種植。PartB新題型（10分）參考答案41.E42.G43.B44.D45.A核心解析首段判定：E項(xiàng)以全球化背景下的語言瀕危問題開篇，符合學(xué)術(shù)文章“現(xiàn)象引入”邏輯。銜接線索：G項(xiàng)舉例承接E項(xiàng)的瀕危語言數(shù)據(jù)，B項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)折引出保護(hù)措施的局限性，D項(xiàng)提出解決方案，A項(xiàng)總結(jié)全文，形成“現(xiàn)象-例證-問題-方案-總結(jié)”的邏輯鏈。PartC翻譯（10分）原文Whiletheapplicationofbigdatainhealthcarehasdemonstratedremarkablepotentialindiseaseprediction,itswidespreadadoptionfacessignificantbarriers.Theseincludenotonlytechnicalchallengessuchasdataintegrationandalgorithmictransparencybutalsoethicalconcernsregardingpatientprivacyanddataownership.Researchersemphasizethataddressingtheseissuesrequirescollaborativeeffortsbetweentechnologists,medicalprofessionals,andpolicymakers—asynergythatisessentialfortranslatingtechnologicalinnovationintotangiblehealthoutcomes.參考答案盡管大數(shù)據(jù)在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用已在疾病預(yù)測(cè)方面展現(xiàn)出顯著潛力，但其廣泛普及仍面臨重大障礙。這些障礙不僅包括數(shù)據(jù)整合、算法透明度等技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)，還涉及患者隱私與數(shù)據(jù)所有權(quán)相關(guān)的倫理擔(dān)憂。研究人員強(qiáng)調(diào)，解決這些問題需要技術(shù)人員、醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員與政策制定者的協(xié)作努力——這種協(xié)同作用對(duì)于將技術(shù)創(chuàng)新轉(zhuǎn)化為切實(shí)的健康成果至關(guān)重要。核心解析結(jié)構(gòu)處理：拆分notonly...butalso...并列結(jié)構(gòu)，符合漢語“分述”表達(dá)習(xí)慣，避免英文長(zhǎng)句直譯導(dǎo)致的晦澀。術(shù)語準(zhǔn)確：algorithmictransparency譯為“算法透明度”（學(xué)術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)譯法），tangiblehealthoutcomes譯為“切實(shí)的健康成果”，兼顧準(zhǔn)確性與流暢性。邏輯銜接：保留破折號(hào)后的補(bǔ)充說明邏輯，用“這種協(xié)同作用”指代前文“協(xié)作努力”，確保語篇連貫。SectionIIIWriting（30分）PartA應(yīng)用文（10分）題目要求針對(duì)“校園圖書館數(shù)字化資源利用率低”的問題，給圖書館管理部門寫一封建議信。參考范文DearLibraryAdministration,Iamwritingtooffersomesuggestionsregardingthelowutilizationofthelibrary'sdigitalresources.Asaregularuser,Ihavenoticedthatmanystudentsareunawareoftheabundantdigitalmaterialsavailable,whichisagreatwasteofvaluableresources.Toaddressthisissue,Iproposethreemeasures.Firstly,organizingorientationsessionsforfreshmentointroducethedigitaldatabase,includinge-books,academicjournals,andonlinecourses.Secondly,promotingresourcesthroughsocialmediaplatformssuchasthelibrary'sofficialWeChataccount,withregularupdatesonnewarrivalsandusageguides.Thirdly,collaboratingwithacademicdepartmentstointegratedigitalresourcesintocoursesyllabi,encouragingprofessorstoassignreadingmaterialsfromthelibrary'sdatabase.Ibelievethesestepswillsignificantlyincreasetheutilizationrateandbenefittheentirecampuscommunity.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Sincerely,LiMingJanuary4,2025核心解析格式規(guī)范：包含稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾、署名和日期，符合建議信的正式格式。內(nèi)容完整：提出問題、分析原因、給出具體可操作的建議，邏輯清晰。語言得體：使用正式書面語，語氣禮貌，符合學(xué)生對(duì)圖書館管理部門的溝通語境。PartB大作文（20分）題目要求Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshouldinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcomments.（圖表：2020-2024年中國(guó)新能源汽車銷量及增長(zhǎng)率）參考范文Thechartillustratesthesalesvolumeandgrowthrateofnewenergyvehicles(NEVs)inChinafrom2020to2024.ItisevidentthatNEVsaleshaveexperiencedasteadyupwardtrend,increasingfrom1.37millionin2020to8.84millionin2024,withagrowthratepeakingat169%in2021andgraduallystabilizingaround30%inrecentyears.Thisremarkablegrowthcanbeattributedtoseveralfactors