教師資格證考試《中學(xué)英語學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力》考試試題及答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共30分）1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheroleof“scaffolding”inVygotsky’ssocioculturaltheory?A.Providingpermanentsupporttoensureerror-freeperformanceB.GraduallywithdrawingassistanceaslearnersgainindependenceC.ReinforcingcorrectanswersthroughrepetitionD.Encouraginglearnerstomemorizerulesexplicitly答案：B解析：支架式教學(xué)的核心是“逐步撤除支持”，幫助學(xué)生在最近發(fā)展區(qū)內(nèi)從依賴走向獨(dú)立。2.Inteachingthepronunciationof/θ/and/e/,ateacherasksstudentstoplacetheirtonguesbetweentheirteethandexhalegently.ThisactivityprimarilyfocusesonA.placeofarticulationB.mannerofarticulationC.voicingD.aspiration答案：A解析：舌尖與上齒的接觸位置屬于發(fā)音部位（placeofarticulation）范疇。3.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesbestexemplifies“information-gap”principle?A.Studentsrepeataftertheteacherinchorus.B.StudentAhasahalf-completedtimetable;StudentBhastheotherhalf.Theycompleteittogetherwithoutlookingateachother’spaper.C.Theteacherdictatessentencesforstudentstowritedown.D.Studentstransformactivesentencesintopassiveones.答案：B解析：信息差活動(dòng)要求雙方持有互補(bǔ)信息，必須通過真實(shí)交流才能完成任務(wù)。4.Whenateachersays“Couldyoupleaserephrasethat?”,sheisprovidingA.contentfeedbackB.formfeedbackC.promptD.elicitation答案：D解析：教師通過提問引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自我修正，屬于elicitation策略。5.Whichconjunctionbestsignalstherhetoricalfunctionofcontrastinthesentence“_______thedatawereincomplete,theresearchersdrewatentativeconclusion”?A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.ThereforeD.Furthermore答案：B解析：Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，突出對比關(guān)系。6.Inthecontextofcurriculumdesign,“backwarddesign”startswithA.selectingtextbooksB.identifyingdesiredlearningoutcomesC.designingmid-termexamsD.planningwarm-upgames答案：B解析：逆向設(shè)計(jì)首先明確終極目標(biāo)，再倒推評價(jià)與教學(xué)活動(dòng)。7.Whicherrorismostlikelytobedevelopmentalratherthaninterlingual?A.“Hegoedtoschoolyesterday.”B.“Iamstudent.”C.“Shedon’tlikesapples.”D.“Ihaveseenherlastweek.”答案：A解析：過度規(guī)則化（overgeneralization）是發(fā)展性錯(cuò)誤的典型特征。8.Ateacherwrites“collocation”ontheboardandgivestheexample“makeadecision”.Thensheasksstudentstofindmoreexamplesinatext.ThisisanexampleofA.deductiveteachingB.inductiveteachingC.contrastiveanalysisD.audio-lingualdrilling答案：B解析：學(xué)生通過觀察語料自主發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)律，屬于歸納法。9.Whichofthefollowingbestreflectstheprincipleof“authenticity”inassessment?A.Usingmultiple-choicequestionstotestgrammarB.AskingstudentstowriteanemailtoaforeignfriendinvitinghimtoaculturalfestivalC.HavingstudentsrecitealistofirregularverbsD.TranslatingisolatedsentencesfromChineseintoEnglish答案：B解析：真實(shí)任務(wù)模擬真實(shí)語境，符合交際測試?yán)砟睢?0.Whenmarkinganessay,ateacherunderlinesawkwardexpressionsandwrites“WC”inthemargin.“WC”herestandsforA.wordchoiceB.wrongcapitalizationC.weakcoherenceD.wrongcollocation答案：A解析：WC=wordchoice，提示詞匯使用不當(dāng)。11.Whichofthefollowingisapragmaticfailureratherthanagrammaticalerror?A.“Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.”B.“Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?—Yes,Iwould.”C.“Therearemanypeoplesinthehall.”D.“Hedon’tknowtheanswer.”答案：B解析：答語違背英語語用慣例，屬于語用失誤。12.Inajigsawreadingtask,theteacherfirstdividestheclassinto“expertgroups”andthenregroupsstudentsinto“homegroups”.ThistechniqueaimstopromoteA.competitionB.cooperativelearningC.teacher-centeredinstructionD.rotememorization答案：B解析：拼圖法強(qiáng)調(diào)分工合作與信息整合，體現(xiàn)合作學(xué)習(xí)理念。13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof“intrinsicmotivation”?A.ThepromiseofextracreditB.PersonalsatisfactionfromunderstandingadifficulttextC.AcashprizeforthebestspeakerD.Parentalpressuretogethighscores答案：B解析：內(nèi)在動(dòng)機(jī)源于活動(dòng)本身帶來的滿足感。14.Thephonologicalprocesswhereby/n/ispronouncedas[?]in“tenbikes”[te?ba?ks]iscalledA.assimilationB.elisionC.epenthesisD.liaison答案：A解析：/n/受后續(xù)軟腭音/b/影響，發(fā)音部位后移，屬同化現(xiàn)象。15.Whichstrategyismosteffectivefordevelopingtop-downreadingskills?A.ParsingeveryclauseintosubjectandpredicateB.PredictingcontentfromtitlesandillustrationsC.UnderliningallunfamiliarwordsD.TranslatingeachsentenceintoChinese答案：B解析：宏觀預(yù)測利用背景知識(shí)，是自上而下閱讀的核心策略。二、完形填空（每題1分，共20分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Intheearly20thcentury,thephilosopherJohnDeweyarguedthateducationshouldnotbeviewedasameretransmissionofknowledge.Instead,hebelieveditshouldbeanactiveprocess,onethat___16___studentstoengagewithreal-worldproblems.Dewey’sideashavesince___17___thefieldoflanguageeducation,encouragingteacherstocreateclassroomswherelearners___18___experimentswithlanguageratherthansimplymemorizerules.OnepracticalembodimentofDewey’sphilosophyistask-basedlanguageteaching(TBLT).InTBLT,thesyllabusisorganizedaround___19___tasksthatmirrorthekindsofcommunicationlearnerswillencounteroutsideschool.Forinstance,studentsmightbeaskedtoplanabudgettrip,___20___arestaurantmenu,orresolveaneighborhooddispute.Thecompletionofthetaskis___21___primary;linguisticaccuracyisaddressed___22___throughpost-taskfeedback.CriticsofTBLToftenclaimthatsuchanapproachneglectsgrammarinstruction.However,researchhasshownthatwhentasksarecarefully___23___,learnersnaturallynoticegapsintheirinterlanguage,leadingto___24___restructuring.Moreover,thepressuretocommunicategenerateswhatSwaintermed“pushedoutput”,aconditionunderwhichlearnersare___25___tomovebeyondtheircomfortzones.ToimplementTBLTeffectively,teachersmuststrikeadelicatebalance.Ontheonehand,theyshouldavoidexcessive___26___duringthetaskitself,asinterruptionmaydisruptfluencyandconfidence.Ontheotherhand,theycannotaffordtoignorelinguisticproblems___27___,sincepersistenterrorsmayfossilize.Onesolutionistoadoptthe“noticing”technique:immediatelyafterthetask,theteacher___28___atranscriptofselectedlearnerlanguageandguidesstudentstoidentifydiscrepanciesbetweentheiroutputandtargetforms.TechnologycanfurtherenhanceTBLT.Mobileappsnowallowlearnersto___29___shortvideosinwhichtheyperformtaskssuchasgivingdirectionstoatourist.Peersthenannotatetheclipswithtime-stampedcomments,creatingacollaborative___30___loopthatextendslearningbeyondtheclassroomwalls.16.A.compelsB.invitesC.detersD.forbids17.A.transformedB.neglectedC.hinderedD.duplicated18.A.mayB.mustC.oughtD.usedto19.A.authenticB.mechanicalC.decontextualizedD.rote20.A.reciteB.decodeC.critiqueD.memorize21.A.ofB.forC.inD.at22.A.instantlyB.retrospectivelyC.randomlyD.partially23.A.sequencedB.shortenedC.simplifiedD.summarized24.A.cognitiveB.administrativeC.physicalD.aesthetic25.A.obligedB.temptedC.discouragedD.forbidden26.A.praiseB.correctionC.monitoringD.ignoring27.A.entirelyB.laterC.implicitlyD.partially28.A.deletesB.improvisesC.replaysD.invents29.A.archiveB.uploadC.downloadD.purchase30.A.feedbackB.rehearsalC.competitionD.distraction答案：16.B17.A18.A19.A20.C21.A22.B23.A24.A25.A26.B27.A28.C29.B30.A三、閱讀理解（每題3分，共30分）A篇Thenotionof“EnglishasaLinguaFranca”(ELF)haschallengedtraditionalELTparadigms.Ratherthanprivilegingnative-speakernorms,ELFresearchersarguethatintelligibility,notconformity,shouldbethepedagogicgoal.Forexample,thesubstitutionof/θ/with/t/iswidespreadamongglobalusers,yetitrarelyimpedescommunication.Consequently,teachersareurgedtoprioritizemutualaccommodationstrategiesovernative-likeaccuracy.However,criticswarnthatanoverlypermissivestancemaylegitimizefossilizedinterlanguage.Thedebateremainsunresolved,butoneconsensusemerges:instructionalmodelsmustreflectthehybridrealitiesofEnglishusage.31.WhatistheprimaryconcernofELFresearchers?A.PreservingBritishpronunciationB.Promotingintelligibilityamongnon-nativespeakersC.EliminatingallforeignaccentsD.ExpandingAmericanvocabulary32.Theexampleof/θ/→/t/illustratesthatA.phoneticaccuracyisindispensableB.minordeviationsdonotnecessarilyhindercommunicationC.nativespeakersfindELFdifficulttocomprehendD.teachersshouldcorrecteverysubstitutionerror33.CriticsofELFareworriedthatA.studentswillbecomebilingualB.fossilizationmaybetoleratedC.classroomhourswilldecreaseD.technologywillreplaceteachers答案：31.B32.B33.BB篇Alongitudinalstudytracked120senior-highstudentswhoexperiencedtwodifferentfeedbackregimes:directcorrection(DC)andmetalinguisticexplanation(ME).Over12weeks,bothgroupsrevisedfourargumentativeessays.ResultsshowedthattheMEgroupoutperformedtheDCgroupinaccuracygains,butonlywhenrevisionswereself-initiated.InterviewsrevealedthatMEfostereddeeperprocessingbecausestudentshadtoreferencegrammartermsandreconstructsentences.However,excessivemetalanguageintimidatedlower-proficiencylearners,leadingtodiminishedmotivation.ThestudyconcludesthatMEshouldbedifferentiatedaccordingtoproficiencylevels.34.Whatwastheindependentvariableinthestudy?A.EssaylengthB.FeedbacktypeC.LearnerageD.Revisiontime35.Whichgroupachievedhigheraccuracygains?A.DCgroupunderteacherdictationB.MEgroupduringself-revisionC.DCgroupwithpeersupportD.MEgroupguidedbyparents36.Whatcautiondoesthestudyraise?A.MetalinguisticexplanationshouldbeadaptedtolearnerlevelB.DirectcorrectionisalwaysineffectiveC.LongitudinalstudiesareunreliableD.Argumentativeessaysshouldbeabandoned答案：34.B35.B36.AC篇ContentandLanguageIntegratedLearning(CLIL)hasgainedtractioninbilingualschools.Yetarecurrentchallengeisthedualfocus:teachersmustsimultaneouslydeliversubjectknowledgeandlinguisticsupport.ArecentethnographicstudyinaShanghaimiddleschooldocumentedhowascienceteacherovercamethisdilemma.Sheemployed“l(fā)anguagemoments”—briefinstructionalpauseswheredifficultlexiswasunpackedthroughetymology,morphology,andcognateidentification.Students’sciencescoresremainedstable,whiletheiracademicvocabularyincreasedby42%.Thefindingsuggeststhatsystematiclanguagescaffoldingneednotcompromisecontentrigor.37.Whatdoes“l(fā)anguagemoments”referto?A.RandomchatsinclassB.TargetedlexisclarificationepisodesC.After-schooltutoringD.Parent-teachermeetings38.Byhowmuchdidacademicvocabularygrow?A.12%B.28%C.42%D.55%39.Whatconclusioncanbedrawn?A.ContentandlanguagegoalscanreinforceeachotherB.CLILlowersscienceachievementC.EtymologyconfusesadolescentsD.Bilingualeducationshouldbebanned答案：37.B38.C39.A四、翻譯題（共20分）40.將下列段落譯成英文，注意術(shù)語準(zhǔn)確、語篇連貫。（20分）在人工智能時(shí)代，英語教師角色正在經(jīng)歷范式轉(zhuǎn)變。技術(shù)可以瞬間完成詞匯查詢、語法糾錯(cuò)甚至評分，但算法無法替代人類在情感支持、價(jià)值引領(lǐng)與跨文化調(diào)解方面的獨(dú)特功能。因此，未來的課堂將不再是知識(shí)傳遞的“單向街”，而是師生共同探索的“共振場”。教師的使命在于設(shè)計(jì)真實(shí)任務(wù)，激發(fā)學(xué)生調(diào)用多模態(tài)資源解決復(fù)雜問題，并在這一過程中培養(yǎng)其批判性數(shù)字素養(yǎng)，使其既能享受技術(shù)紅利，又能抵御信息泡沫。參考譯文：Intheageofartificialintelligence,theroleoftheEnglishteacherisundergoingaparadigmaticshift.Whiletechnologycaninstantlyhandlelexicalqueries,grammaticalcorrection,andevengrading,algorithmscannotreplicatetheuniquelyhumancapacitiesforemotionalsupport,valueguidance,andinterculturalmediation.Consequently,tomorrow’sclassroomwillceasetobeaone-waystreetofknowledgetransmission;instead,itwillbecomearesonantfieldco-exploredbyteachersandstudents.Theteacher’smissionistodesignauthentictasksthatcompellearnerstodeploymultimodalresourcesinsolvingcomplexproblems,therebycultivatingcriticaldigitalliteracy—anabilitytoreaptechnologicalbenefitswhileresistinginformationbubbles.五、寫作題（共30分）41.閱讀材料：某校推行“英語演講進(jìn)課堂”活動(dòng)，部分教師認(rèn)為耗時(shí)且收益有限，學(xué)生亦抱怨增加焦慮。請寫一篇約300詞的議論文，闡述你的立場并提出三條可操作建議。要求論點(diǎn)清晰，論據(jù)充分，語言準(zhǔn)確。參考范文：RequiringeverylearnertodeliverapublicspeechinEnglishisneitherawhimsicalgimmicknoranobsoleteritual;itisanessentialriteofpassageincultivatingglobalcompetence.Criticsrightlypointtothedangerofanxietyandcur