2026屆新高考英語熱點(diǎn)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法學(xué)習(xí)構(gòu)詞法的重要性了解詞性猜測詞義

擴(kuò)大詞匯量helphelpfulhelplesshelpfullyhelplesslyagreeagreementdecidedecisionappearv.出現(xiàn)disappearappearancedisappearancev.(不出現(xiàn))消失，不見n.出現(xiàn)，外貌n.消失，不見

一.合成法（compound）

合成詞Compoundpain-killer＋＝止痛藥＋＝color-blind色盲＋＝sleep-walk夢游歸

納：由______或________詞合成一個(gè)新詞,有的用_______________連接,有的________連寫在一起，還有的由____________________構(gòu)成，這樣的構(gòu)詞方法叫做合成法。easy-going,old-fashionedsomewhere,eggplant,anyone,newspaperthemepark,

busstop,postoffice,readingroom分開的兩個(gè)詞連詞符號(hào)“-”hyphen直接1.合成法Compound兩個(gè)多個(gè)1.nationwide____________2.one-to-one___________3.well-sampled___________4.man-made__________5.high-quality___________6.swimmingpool___________7.time-consuming___________8.ordinary-looking___________全國的一對一的人造的游泳池高質(zhì)量的Task1:Trytoguess相貌平平的充分采樣的耗時(shí)的

二.轉(zhuǎn)化法（Conversion）春風(fēng)又綠江南岸。驢不勝怒，蹄之。形容詞動(dòng)詞名詞動(dòng)詞單詞可從一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞性。單詞轉(zhuǎn)化前后的意義聯(lián)系密切。2.Therainpoureddown.rain動(dòng)詞rain名詞1.Itrainscatsanddogs.歸

納：由一種詞性轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種或

幾種

詞性，詞

形不變，

發(fā)生變化，這樣的構(gòu)詞方法叫做轉(zhuǎn)化法。詞性Guessthemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordsandtheirpartofspeech(詞性)1.TaylorSwiftisherfavourite

singer.2.ShelovesalotofsingersbutTaylorSwiftisherfavourite.

n.意為“最喜愛的東西或人”a.意為“最喜愛的”3.TouristsmusttryhotpotwhentheyvisitSichuan.4.Hotpotisa

mustforalltouriststotasteinSichuan.n.意為“必須做（買、看）的事”v.意為“必須做”5.Thechildwaslookingatthechocolatecakewithhisgreedyeyes.6.Thechildwaseyeingthechocolatecakegreedily.v.意為“注視”n.意為“眼睛”Practice猜測詞義1.(2024·新課標(biāo)I卷)TheseplantsincludedmodernWesternfavouritessuchasrosemary,lavenderandfennel.ThegardenalsocontainsawindingpaththatguidesvisitorsthroughthetwelveregionsoftheSilkRoad.2.Morethan7millionInternetuserswereattractedbyalivestreamthemed"Whentechnologymeetsthebeautyoftraditionalopera"thisyear.n.喜愛的事物v.以...為主題

三.

縮略法Abbreviation首字母縮略UnitedNations→_________聯(lián)合國VeryImportantPerson→_________貴賓縮短詞examination→_________考試application→_________應(yīng)用拼綴詞smoke+fog=_________煙霧UNVIPexamappsmog3.縮略AbbreviationPractice猜測詞義1.(2024·新高考I卷)“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”2.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.n.應(yīng)用程序applicationn.人工智能artificialintelligence

四.

派生法Derivationunbelievable詞根root前綴prefix后綴

suffixmeaning(意思)partofspeech(詞性)4.派生法Derivation☆☆☆☆☆改變單詞的______改變單詞的_________歸

納：派生是由一個(gè)詞根加上_______或_________，構(gòu)成另一個(gè)詞。

這樣的構(gòu)詞法叫做派生法。前綴：一般改變

；后綴：一般改變

。前

綴后綴一個(gè)英語單詞可以分為三個(gè)部分：前綴（prefix），詞根（rootword），后綴（suffix）詞義詞性派生法:1.形容詞+ly變副詞規(guī)律；2.動(dòng)詞/名詞變形容詞常見的后綴；3.動(dòng)詞變名詞后綴；4.形容詞變名詞后綴；5.表示‘人’的后綴；6.表示否定或否定意義的前綴和后綴；7.變動(dòng)詞的前綴和后綴。quick--_____________angry--_____________possible--____________simple--______________dramatic--___________一.形容詞+ly變副詞規(guī)律；quickly

angrily

possibly

simply

dramatically規(guī)則:一般情況下+ly;輔音字母+y,改y為i+ly;以ble結(jié)尾，將ble改為bly;以le結(jié)尾，去e+y;以ic結(jié)尾，+ally;注意:1.有一些形容詞是以ly結(jié)尾的:如:friendly,lovely,lonely2.常見的形容詞，副詞同形的詞；如:

fastadj.快速的adv.迅速地aloneadj.獨(dú)自的adv.單獨(dú)地hardadj.努力的adv.努力地二.動(dòng)詞/名詞變形容詞常見的后綴；1.–able2.–al3.

–ful4.–ive5.–ous6.–ic單詞:comfort--_________________suit--___________________person--________________harm--___________________effect--________________humor--________________economy--____________comfortable

suitable

personal

harmful

effective

humorouseconomic三.動(dòng)詞變名詞后綴；--al2.–ance/ence

3.--ion4.

–ment5.

–ure6.–y單詞:arrive--_______________appear--______________exist--_________________act--________________argue--________________fail--__________________recover--______________arrival

appearanceexistence

actionargumentfailurerecovery四.形容詞變名詞后綴；--dom2.–ness3.–th4.–ty5.–ity

6.–ce單詞:free--_________________weak--________________warm--________________safe--__________________disable--_______________important--_______________freedomweaknesswarmthsafetydisability

importance五.表示‘人’的后綴；1.—er2.–or3.–an4.–ian

5.-ist6.–ant

單詞:teach--_______________invent--_______________America_______________music--________________special--________________assist--__________________teacherinventorAmericanmusician

specialistassistant

六.表示否定或否定意義的前綴和后綴；dis

–2.il–3.im–4.in–5.mis–6.un–7.–less單詞:agree--_______________legal--________________polite--________________formal--_______________lead--__________________usual--_____________hope--______________disagreeillegalimpoliteinformalmisleadunusualhopeless七.變動(dòng)詞的前綴和后綴。

en—2.–en3.–ify4.–ize單詞:able--________________sharp--______________simple--______________apology--_____________enablesharpensimplifyapologize

Practice語法填空(2025·浙江1月)Tanya'sshopoffersfashionclothesforwomentorent(rent)ratherthanpurchasethemoutright,providingalessexpensive

(solve)toone-timeeventdressing.(2025·全國Ⅰ卷)"InaGogame,eachmoveshouldservealong-termgoal.Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour

(guide)'tilltheylose,"explainsWangWei,aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition.(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Thelatestengineerng(engineer)techniquesareappliedtocreatethisprotective

(function)structurethat