6月16日全國(guó)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試

CET6真題(最終有參照答案)

PartIWriting(3()minutes)(此部分在答題卡以上作答)

Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed3()minutestowriteacompositionon

thetopicTheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication.Youshould

writeatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

TheImpactoftheInternetonInterpersonalCommunication

PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(ISminutes)

Directions:Inthispart.Youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequickly

andanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebest

answerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)、B)>C)andD).Forquestions8-10,complete

thesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

TheThree-YearSolution

HartwickCollege,asmallliberal-artsschoolinupstateNewYork,makesNew

York,makesthisoffertowellpreparedstudents:earnyourundergraduatedegreein

threeyearsinsteadoffour,andsaveabout543,000一theamountofoneyear'stuition

andfees.Anumberofinnovativecollegesaremakingthesameoffertostudents

anxiousaboutsavingtimeandmoney.That'sbothanopportunityandawarningfbr

thebesthigher-educationsystemintheworld.

TheUnitedStateshasalmostalloftheworld'sbestuniversities.Arecent

Chinesesurveyranks35Americanuniversitiesamongthetop5（）,eightamongthetop

10.Ourresearchuniversitieshavebeenthekeytodevelopingthecompetitive

advantagesthathelpAmericansproduce25%ofalltheworld'swealth.In,623,805

oftheworld'sbrighteststudentswereattractedtoAmericanuniversities.

Yet,therearesignsofperil（危險(xiǎn)）wilhinAmericanhighereducation.U.S.

collegeshavetocompeteinthemarketplace.Studentsmaychooseamong6,000

public,private,nonprofit,forprofit,orreligiousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.In

addition,almostallofthe532billionthefederalgovernmentprovidesforuniversity

researchisawardedcompetitively.

Butmanycollegesanduniversitiesarestuckinthepast.Forinstance,theideaof

thefali-lo-spring4tschoolyear''hasn'tchangedmuchsincebeforetheAmerican

Revolution,whenwewereasummerstretchnolongermakessense.FormerGeorge

WashingtonUniversitypresidentStephenTrachtenbergestimatesthatatypical

collegeusesitsfacilitiesforacademicpurposesalittlemorethanhalfthecalendar

year.4tWhilecollegefacilitiessitidle,theycontinuetogeneratemaintenanceexpenses

thatcontributetothehighcostofrunningacollege,hehaswritten.

Wilhinacademicdepartments,lenure（終身職位），combinedwith

age-discriminationlaws,makesfacultyturnover-criticalforauniversitytoremain

currentinchangingtimes-difficult.Insteadofprotectingspeechandencouraging

diversityandimiuvalivethinking,thetenuresystemoftenslifks（壓制）lhein:younger

professorsmustwintheapprovalofestablishedcolleaguesfortenure,encouraging

like-mindednessandsometimesinhibitingthefreeflowofideas.

Meanwhile,tuitionhassoared,leavinggraduatingstudentswithunprecedented

loandebt.Strongcampuspresidentstomanagetheseproblemsarebecomingharder

tofind,andtokeep.Infact,studentsnowstayoncampusalmostaslongastheir

presidents.Ihcaverageamountoftimestudentsnowtaketocompletean

undergraduatedegreehasstretchedtosixyearsandsevenmonthsasstudents

interruptedbywork,inconveniencedbyunavailableclasses,orluredbyonemore

footballseasonfindithardtograduate.

CongresshastriedtohelpstudentswithcollegecoststhroughPellGrantsand

otherformsoftuitionsupport.Butsomeoftheirfixeshavemadetheproblemworse.

Thestackofcongressionalregulationsgoverningfederalstudentgrantsandloansnow

standstwiceastallasIdo.Fillingouttheseformsconsumes7%ofeverytuition

dollar.

Forallofthesereasons,somecollegeslikeHartwickarerethinkingtheoldway

ofdoingthingsandquestioningdecades-oldassumptionsaboutwhatacollegedegree

means.Forinstance,whydoesithavetotakefouryearstoearnadiploma?Thisfall,

16first-yearstudentsandfnursecond-yearstudentsatHartwickenrolledinthe

schooPsnewthreeyeardegreeprogram.Accordingtothecollege,theplanis

designedforhigh-ability,highlymotivatedstudentwhowishtosavemoneyorto

movealongmorerapidlytowardadvanceddegrees.

Byeliminatingthatextrayear,thereyeardegreestudentssave25%incosts.

Insteadoftaking30creditsayear,thesestudentstake40.DuringJanuary,Hartwick

runsafourweekcourseduringwhichstudentsmayearnthreetofourcreditsonoroff

campus,includinganumberofinternationalsites.Summercoursesarenotrequired,

butastudentmayenrollinthem-andpayextra.Threeyearstudentsgetfirstcrackat

courseregistration.Therearenochangesinthenumberofcoursesprofessorsteachor

intheirpay.

Thethree-yeardegreeisn'tanewidea.Geniuseshavealwaysbreezedthrough.

JudsonCollege,a350-sludciiliuslilulioiiinAldbama,hasofferedstudentsa

three-ycaroptionfbr40years.Studentsattend“shortteims“inMayandJunetoearn

thecreditsrequiredfbrgraduation.BatesCollegeinMaineandBallStateUniversity

inIndianaareamongothercollegesofferingthree-yearoptions.

Changesatthehigh-schoollevelarealsohelpingtomakeiteasierformany

studentstoearntheirundergraduatedegreesinlesslime.Oneoffivestudentsarrives

atcollegetodaywithAdvancedPlacement(AB)creditsamountingtoasemesteror

lengthofstudents*vacations,increasingclasssizes,orrequiringfacultytoteach

morc.^^

Whethertheyexperimentwiththree-yeardegrees,offeryear-roundclasses,

challengethetenuresystem-oralloftheabove—universitiesareslowlyrealizing

thattostaycompetitiveandrelevanttheymustadapttoarapidlychangingworld.

Expandingthethree-yearoptionmaybedifficult,butitmaybelessdifficultthan

askingCongressforadditionalfinancialhelp,askinglegislatorsformorestatesupport,

oraskingstudentsevenhighertuitionpayments.Campuseswillingtoadopt

convenientschedulesalongwithmorefocused,less-expensivedegreesmayfindthat

theyhaveacompetitiveadvantageinattractingbright,motivatedstudents.Thesesorts

ofinnovationscanhelpAmericanuniversitiesavoidiheperilsofsuccess.

注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。

1.WhydidHartwickCollegestartthree-yeardegreeprograms?

A)Tocreatechancesforthepoor.C)Toenrollmorestudents.

B)Tocutstudents*expenses.D)Tosolveitsfinancialproblems.

2.ByquotingStephenTrachtenbergtheauthorwantstosaythat.

A)Americanuniversitiesareresistanttochange

B)thesummervacationcontributestostudentgrowth

C)collegefacilitiescouldbeputtomoreeffectiveuse

D)thecostsofrunningauniversityaresoaring

3.TheaulhoithinksllictenuresysteminAincriuaiiuniversities.

A)suppressescreativethinkingC)guaranteesacademicfreedom

B)createsconflictsamongcolleaguesD)isasignofagediscrimination

4.Whatissaidaboutthenewthree-yeardegreeprogramatHartwick?

A)Itsstudentshavetoearnmorecreditseachyear.

B)Non-crcditcoursesarceliminatedaltogether.

C)Itsfacultymembersteachmorehoursaweek.

D)Somesummercoursesareofferedfreeofcharge.

5.WhatdowelearnaboutJudsonCollege'sthree-yeardegreeprogram?

A)Ithasbeenrunningforseveraldecades.

B)Itisopentothebrighteststudentsonly.

C)Itisthemostsuccessfulinthecountry.

D)Ithasmanypracticalcoursesonoffer.

6.Whatchangesinhighschoolshelpstudentsearnundergraduatedegreesin

threeyears?

A)Curriciilunishavebeenadaptedtostudents,needs.

B)MorestudentshaveAdvancedPlacementcredits.

C)Moreelectivecoursesareofferedinhighschool.

D)Theoverallqualityofeducationbasimproved.

7.Whatissaidtobeadrawbackofthethrce-ycarcollegeprogram?

A)Studentshavetocopewithtooheavyaworkload.

B)Studentsdon'thavemuchtimetoroamintellectually.

C)Studentshavelittletimetogainpracticalexperience.

D)Studentsdon'thaveprizedprofessorstoteachthem.

8.Collegefacultymembersareafraidthatthepretextofmovingstudentsintothe

worklbiccmighlposeathreatlo.

9.Universitiesareincreasinglyawarethattheymustadapttoarapidlychanging

worldinorderto.

10.Convenientacademicscheduleswithmore-focused,less-expensivedegrees

willbemoreattractivelo.

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2long

conversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeasked

aboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonly

once.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthe

fourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答.

11.A)TheseriousaccidentmayleaveAnnaparalyzed.

B)ThemanhappenedtoseeAnnafallonherback.

C)TheinjurywillconfineAnnatobedforquiteawhile.

D)Thedoctor'stherapyhasbeenverysuccessfiil.

12.A)Themancouldwatchtheballetwithher.

B)Shehappenedtohaveboughttwotickets.

C)Shecangetaballetticketfortheman.

D)Herscheduleconflictswithhersister's.

13.A)Hewillsendsomeonerightaway.

B)Hehastodootherrepairsfirst.

C)Thewomancancalllaterthatday.

D)Thewomancantrytofixitherself.

14.A)Takeupuollccliuiinextweek.

B)Givehiscontributionsometimelater.

C)BuyanexpensivegiftforGemma.

D)Borrowsomemoneyfromthewoman.

15.A)Declinetheinvitationasearlyaspossible.

B)Asklonytoconveythankstohismother.

C)TellTony'smotherthatsheeatsnomeat.

D)Addmorefruitsandvegetablestoherdiet.

16.A)Theincreasingcrimerate.

B)Theimpactofmassmedia.

C)Thecirculationofnewspapers.

D)Thecoverageofnewspapers.

17.A)Limitthenumberofparticipantsintheconference.

B)Checkthenumberofpeoplewhohaveregistered.

C)Providepeoplewithadviceoncareerdevelopment.

D)Movetheconferencetoamorespaciousplace.

18.A)Theapartmentisstillavailable.

B)Theapartmentisclosetothecampus.

C)Theadvertisementisoutdated.

D)On-campushousingishardtosecure.

Questions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Totesthowresponsivedolphinsaretovarioussignals.

B)Tofindoutifthefemaledolphinisclevererthanthemaleone.

C)Toseeifdolphinscanlearntocommunicatewitheachother.

D)Toexaminehowlongittakesdolphinstoacquireaskill.

20.A)Producetheappropriatesound.

B)Presstheright-handleverfirst.

C)Raisetheirheadsabovethewater.

D)Swimstraightintothesametank.

21.A)Onlyonedolphinwasabletosecthelight.

B)Themaledolphinreceivedmorerewards.

C)Bothdolphinswereputinthesametank.

D)Theleverwasbeyondthedolphins,reach.

Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Inabotanicalgarden.

B)Inalectureroom.

C)Inaresorttown.

D)Onacattlefarm.

23.A)Itisanidealplacefbrpeopletoretireto.

R)Itisatthecentreofthefashionindustry.

C)Itremainsveryattractivewithitsmineralwaters.

D)IthaskeptmanytraditionsfromVictoriantimes.

24.A)Itwasnamedafteralandownerintheolddays.

B)ItislocatedintheeasternpartofHarrogate.

C)Itisprotectedasparklandbyaspeciallaw.

D)Itwillbeusedasacentrefbrathletictraining.

25.A)Thebeautifulflowers.

B)Therefreshingair.

C)Themineralwaters.

D)Thevastgrassland.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeach

passage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfrom

thefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.

Passageone

Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.A)HespecializesforUniversitystudents.

B)HestartspecializedsinseUniversity.

C)Hespecializedininterpersonalrelationship.

D)Hespecializesininterpersonalrelationship.

27.A)Studentswhoscoredlowstandardizedtests.

B)Blackfreshmenwithhighstandardizedtestscores.

C)Studentswhoareaccustomedtolivingindorms.

D)Rlackstudentsfromfamilieswithlowincomes.

28.A)Theyatthecollegedormsattheendofthesemester.

B)Theywereoftheuniversity'shousingpolicy.

C)Theygenerallyspendmoretimetogetherthatwhitepairs.

D)Theybrokeupmoreoftenthansamc-raccroommates.

29.A)Theirracialattitudesimproved.

B)Theirtestscoresrosegradually.

C)Theygrewboredofeachother.

D)Theystarteddoingsimilaractivities.

Passagetwo

Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

30.A)Itwillbecomepopulargradually.

B)Itwillchangetheconceptoffood.

C)Ithasattractedworldwideattention.

D)Itcanhelpsolveglobalfioodcrises.

31.A)Ithasbeenincreasedovertheyears.

B)IthasbeendrasticallycutbyNASA.

C)Itisstillfarfrombeingsufficient.

D)Itcomesregularlyfromitsdonors.

32.A)Theyarelesshealthythanweexpected.

B)Theyarenotasexpensiveasbelieve.

C)Theyaremorenutritiousanddelicious.

D)Theyarenotasnaturalaswebelieved.

PassageThree

Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

33.A)Hehasbettermemoriesofchildhood.

B)Hewasaccusedoffamilyviolence.

C)Heisahabitualcriminal.

D)Hewaswronglyimprisoned.

34.A)Thejury'sprejudiceagainsthisrace.

B)Theevidencefoundatthecrimescene.

C)Thetwovictims'identification.

D)Thetestimonyofhistwofriends.

35.A)TheUSjudicialsystemhasmuchroomforimprovement.

B)FrightenedvictimscanrarelymakecuuculidciiliGcalion.

C)Eyewitnessesareoftenmisledbythelayer'squestions.

D)Manyfactorsinfluencetheaccuracyofwitnesstestimony.

SECTIONB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassage

isreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthe

passageisreadfbrthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumbered

from36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumbered44to46

youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneither

usetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourown

words.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyou

havewritten.

注意：此部分的試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

About700,000childreninMexicodroppedoutofschoollastyearas

recession-strickenfamiliespushedkidstowork,andaweakeconomicrecoverywill

allowonlya(36)improvementinthedrop-outratein,atopeducation(37)

_________said.

Mexico'seconomysufYeredmorethananyotherinLatinAmericalastyear,(38)

anestimated7percentduetoa(39)inU.S.demandfor

Mexicanexportssuchascars.

The(40)ledtoa4percentincreaseinthenumberofkidswholeft(41)

ormiddleschoolin,saidJuandeDiosCastro,who(42)the

nation'sadulteducationprogramandkeepsaclosewatchondropoutrates.

“(43)roseandthatisafactorthatmakesourjobmoredifficult.”

CastrotoldReutersinaninterviewearlierthismonth.

(44)___________________________________________________________________

.Asaresult,drop-outrateswillnotimprove

much,Cdblrusaid."Therewillbesomeiiiiprovuinent,butnotsignificdiil,“Cdblro

said.

(45)___________________________________________________________________

.Andchildrenoftensellcandyandcraftsin

thestreetsorwordinrestaurants.

(46)___________________________________________________________________

.Mexico'spoliticianshaveresistedmendingthecountry*stax,energy

andlaborlawsfordecades,leavingitseconomybehindcountriessuchasBraziland

Chile.

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincomplete

statements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethe

statementsinthefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2

Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Infaceofglobalwarming,muchefforthasbeenfocusedonreducinggreenhouse

gasemissionsthroughavarietyofstrategies.Rutwhilemuchoftheresearchand

innovationhasconcentratedonfindingless-pollutingenergyalternatives,itmaybe

decadesbeforecleantechnologieslikewindandsolarmeetasignificantportionof

ourenergyneeds.

Inthemeantime,theamountofCO2intheairisrapidlyapproachingthelimits

proposedbytheIntcrgovcmmentalPanelonClimateChange(1PCC).“Aslongas

we'reconsumingfossilfuels,we'reputtingoutCO2,vsaysKlausLackncr,a

geophysicistatColumbia,University^^WecannotlettheCO2intheatmosphererise

indefinitely.^^

ThatsenseofurgencyhasincreasedinterestincapturingandstoringCO2,which

IheIPCCsayscouldprovidethemorethan50%reductioninemissionsthought

neededtoreduceglobalwarming."Weseethepotentialforcaptureandstoragetoplay

anintegralroleinreducingcuiissious,"saysKimCurley,Shell'ssenioradvisoruf

CO2andenvironmentalaffairs.Thatforwardthinkingstrategyisgainingsupport.The

U.S.DepartmentofEnergyrecentlyproposedputting$1billionintoanew$2.4

billioncoal-burningenergyplant.Theplant'scarbon-capturetechnologieswould

serveasapilotprojectforothernewcoal-burningplants.

Butwhatdoyoudowiththegasonceyou'vecapturedit?Oneoptionistoputit

tonewuses.DakotaGasificationofNorthDakotacapturesCO2ataplantthat

convertscoalintosyntheticnaturalgas.Itthenshipsthegas200milesbypipelineto

Canada,whereitispumpedundergroundinoilrecoveryoperations.Inthe

Netherlands,ShelldeliversCO2tofarmerswhopipeitintotheirgreenhouses,

increasingtheiryieldoffruitsandvegetables.

However,scientistssaythatthescaleofCO2emissionswillrequirevast

amountsoflong-termstorage.SomeproposestoringtheCO2incoalminesorliquid

storageintheocean,ShellfavorsstoringCO2indeepgeologicalstructuressuchas

saline(鹽的)formationsandexhaustedoilandgasfieldsthatexistthroughoutthe

world.

注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

47.Whataresuggestedasrenewableandless-pollutingenergyalternatives?

4X.Whatdoestheauthorsayisaforwardthinkingstrategyconcerningthe

reductionofCO2emissions?

49.OnewayofhandingthecapturedCO2assuggestedbytheauthoristostore

itand.

50.ThroughusingCO2,Dutchfarmershavebeenableto.

51.Long-termstorageofCO2isnoeasyjobbecauseof.

SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby

somequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Asanyonewhohastriedtoloseweightknows,realisticgoal-settinggenerally

producesthebestresults.That'spartiallybecauseitappearspeoplewhosetrealistic

goalsactuallyworkmoreefficiently,andexertmoreeffort,toachievethosegoals.

What'sfarlessunderstoodbyscientists,however,arethepotentiallyhannful

effectsofgoal-setting.

Newspapersrelaydailyaccountsofgoal-setiingprevalentinindustriesand

businessesupanddownbothWallStreetandMainStreet,yettherehasbeen

surprisinglylittleresearchonhowthelong-trumpetedpracticeofsettinggoalsmay

havecontributedtothecurrenteconomiccrisis,andunethical（不道德的）behaviorin

general.

“Goalsarewidelyusedandpromotedashavingreallybeneficialeffects.Andyet,

thesamemotivationthatcanpushpeopletoexertmoreeffortinaconstructiveway

couldalsomotivatepeopletobemorelikelytoengageinunethicalbehaviors,nsays

MauriceSchweitzer,anassociateprofessoratPenn'sWhartonSchool.

“Itturnsoutthere'snoeconomicbenefittojusthavingagoal-youjustgeta

psychologicalbenefif'Schweitzersays."Butinmanycases,goalshaveeconomic

rewardsthatmakethemmorepowerfill.,,

AprimeexampleSchweitzerandhiscolleaguesciteisthecollapseof

energy-tradinggiantEnron,wheremanagersusedfinancialincentivestomotivate

salesmentomeetspecificrevenuegoals.Theproblem,Schweitzersays,istheactual

tradeswerenotprofitable.

Otherstudieshaveshownthatsaddlingemployeeswithunrealisticgoalscan

compelthemtolie,cheatorsteal.Suchwasthecaseintheearly1990swhenSears

imposedasalesquotaonitsautorepairstaff.Itpromptedemployeestooverchargefor

workandtocompleteunnecessaryrepairsonacompanywidebasis.

Schweitzerconcedeshisresearchrunscountertoaverylargebodyofliterature

thatcommendsthemanybenefitsofgoal-setting.Advocatesofthepracticehave

takenissuewithhisteam'suseofsuchevidenceasnewsaccountstosupporthis

conulusiuiillialgoal-sellingiswidelyovcr-piescribed

Inarebuttal（反駁）paper,Dr.EdwinLockewritesi^Goal-settingisnotgoing

away.Organizationscannotthrivewithoutbeingfocusedontheirdesiredendresults

anymorethananindividualcanthrivewithoutgoalstoprovideasenseofpurpose.”

ButSchweitzercontendsthe“mountingcausalevidence^^linkinggoal-setting

andharmfulbehaviorshouldbestudiedtohelpspotlightissuesthatmeritcautionand

furtherinvestigation."Evenafewnegativeeffectscouldbesolargethatthey

outweighmanypositiveeffects,hesays.

^Goal-settingdoeshelpcoordinateandmotivatepeople.Myideawouldbeto

combinethatwithcarefuloversight,astrongorganizationalculture,andmakesure

thegoalsthatyouusearegoingtobeconstructiveandnotsignificantlyharmthe

organization/'Schweitzersays.

注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

52.Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconveyaboutgoal-setting?

A)Itsnegativeeffectshavelongbeenneglected.

B)Thegoalincreasepeople'sworkefficiency.

C)Itsrolehasbeenlargelyunderestimated.

D)Thegoalsmostpeoplesetareunrealistic.

53.WhatdoesMauriceSchweitzerwanttoshowbycitingtheexampleof

Enron?

A)Settingrealisticgoalscanturnafailingbusinessintosuccess.

B)Businessesarclesslikelytosucceedwithoutsettingrealisticgoals.

C)Financialincentivesensurecompaniesmeetspecificrevenuegoals.

D)Goalswithfinancialrewardshavestrongmotivationalpower.

54.HowdidSears'goal-settingaffectitsemployees?

A)Theywereobligedtoworkmorehourstoincreasetheirsales.

B)Theycompetedwithoneanothertoattractmorecustomers.

C)Theyrcborlcdluunulliiualpiacliuctomccltheirsalesquota.

D)Theyimprovedtheircustomerserviceonacompanywidebasis.

55.Whatdoadvocatesofgoal-settingthinkofSchweitzer\research?

A)Itsfindingsarenotofmuchpracticalvalue.

B)Itexaggeratesthesideeffectsofgoal-setting.

C)Itsconclusionisnotbasedonsolidscientificevidence.

D)Itrunscountertotheexistingliteratureonthesubject.

56.WhatisSchweitzer'scontentionagainstEdwinLocke?

A)Thelinkbetweengoal-settingandharmfulbehaviordeservesfurtherstudy.

B)Goal-settinghasbecometoodeep-rootedincorporateculture.

C)Thepositiveeffectsofgoal-settingoutweighitsnegativeeffects.

D)Studyinggoal-settingcanthrowmorelightonsuccessfulbusinesspractices.

PassageTwo

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Formostofthe20thcentury,Asiaaskeditselfwhatitcouldlearnfromthe

modern,innovatingWest.Nowthequestionmusthereversed.WhatcantheWest's

overlyindebtedandsluggish(經(jīng)濟(jì)滯長(zhǎng)的)nationslearnfromaflourishingAsia?

Justafewdecadesago,Asia'stwogiantswerestagnating(停滯不前)under

faultyeconomicideologies.However,onceChinabeganembracingfree-market

reformsinthe1980s,followedbyIndiainthe1990s,bothcountriesachievedrapid

growth.Crucially,astheyopeneduptheirmarkets,theybalancedmarketeconomy

withsensiblegovernmentdirection.AstheIndianeconomistAmartyaSenhaswisely

said,"Theinvisiblehandofthemarkethasoftenreliedheavilyonthevisiblehandof

government.^^

ContrastthismiddlepathwithAmericaandEurope,whichhaveeachgone

ideologicallyover-boardintheirownways.Sincethe1980s,Americahasbeen

increasinglyclingingtotheideologyofuncontrolledfreemarketsanddismissingthe

roleofgovcrimiciil-followingRonaldRuganSideadial^guvurniiiuntisnulthe

solutiontoourproblem;governmentistheproblem.4tOfcourse,whenthemarkets

camecrashingdownin,itwasdecisivegovernmentinterventionthatsavedtheday.

Despitethisfact,manyAmericansarestillstronglyopposedto“biggovemment.^^

IfAmericanscouldonlyfreethemselvesfromtheirantigovernmentdoctrine,

theywouldbegintoseethattheAmerica\problemsarenotinsoluble.Afewsensible

federalmeasurescouldputthecountrybackontherightpath.Asimpleconsumption

taxof,say,5%wouldsignificantlyreducethecountry'shugegovernmentdeficit

withoutdamagingproductivity.AsmallgasolinetaxwouldhelpfreeAmericafromits

dependenceonoilimportsandcreateincentivesforgreenenergydevelopment.Inthe

sameway,asignificantreductionofwastefulagriculturalsubsidiescouldalsolower

thedeficit.Butinordertotakeadvantageofthesecommon