空氣分離制氧的流程分析案例目錄TOC\o"1-3"\h\u14906空氣分離制氧的流程分析案例 195611.1總工藝方案 1237831.2工藝流程概述 334991.2.1空氣的過濾裝置和加壓系統(tǒng) 3282881.2.2空氣預(yù)冷系統(tǒng) 3179981.2.3空氣純化系統(tǒng) 353591.2.4增壓壓縮機(jī)系統(tǒng) 461741.2.5增壓膨脹機(jī)系統(tǒng) 4117281.2.6氧、氮分餾系統(tǒng) 424771.2.7制氬系統(tǒng) 5本設(shè)計(jì)獲取O2方法是利用空氣為原料在低溫下進(jìn)行分離的，空氣通過各種工序的一步步處理由壓縮、凈化、熱交換、冷卻、精餾等工序得到O2和N2ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>姚力</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>63</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[13]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>63</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1621318930">63</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>姚力</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>李士琦,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>鋼鐵制造流程中空分系統(tǒng)的有用能研究</title></titles><keywords><keyword>(?)分析</keyword><keyword>空分流程</keyword><keyword>節(jié)能</keyword><keyword>優(yōu)化</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><publisher>北京科技大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>博士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[13]，然后還需要儲存、加壓等工序才能送到用戶處。因此氧氣的生產(chǎn)過程是一個(gè)非常繁瑣的過程。1.1總工藝方案50000Nm3/h空分設(shè)備由壓縮、預(yù)冷、純化、制冷、換熱和精餾、成品輸運(yùn)、儀表控制等系統(tǒng)組成ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>毛紹融</Author><Year>2010</Year><RecNum>21</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[14]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>21</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1619675038">21</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>毛紹融</author><author>朱朔元</author><author>周智勇</author><author>盧杰</author></authors></contributors><auth-address>杭州杭氧股份有限公司;</auth-address><titles><title>60000m~3/h等級內(nèi)壓縮流程空分設(shè)備的研制</title><secondary-title>深冷技術(shù)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>深冷技術(shù)</full-title></periodical><pages>41-45</pages><number>06</number><keywords><keyword>大型空分設(shè)備</keyword><keyword>內(nèi)壓縮流程</keyword><keyword>研制</keyword><keyword>創(chuàng)新</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2010</year></dates><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[14]。圖1.1所示為50000Nm3/h制氧流程。此制氧過程為內(nèi)壓縮流程。此流程和配套部分的特點(diǎn)是：（1）氣體的空壓機(jī)組和空氣的壓縮機(jī)組都是用離心式增壓機(jī)，用汽輪機(jī)來進(jìn)行動力輸出。（2）純化氣體裝置采用雙層分子篩純化器。（3）制冷用壓縮透平膨脹機(jī)，將空氣制冷液化，然后又將膨脹后的氣體送去精餾塔的下部。（4）高效板翅式換熱器用來當(dāng)主換熱器，由高壓和低壓組成換熱器部分。圖1.150000Nm3/h制氧流程其主要參數(shù)見表1.1。表1.150000Nm3/h空分設(shè)備主要參數(shù)產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量Nm3/h純度壓力MPa溫度℃?zhèn)渥⒀鯕?000099.6%O20.1414.8上塔壓力氧氣氮?dú)?500099.999%N20.514.8下塔壓力氮?dú)鈨x表空氣19000常壓露點(diǎn)，-40℃0.940——工廠空氣19000常壓露點(diǎn)，-40℃0.940——1.2工藝流程概述1.2.1空氣的過濾裝置和加壓系統(tǒng)本設(shè)計(jì)使用自潔式過濾器和透平壓縮機(jī)ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>黃偉林</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>64</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[15]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>64</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1621318991">64</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>黃偉林</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>吳向明,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>H公司空氣分離裝置項(xiàng)目成本控制研究</title></titles><keywords><keyword>成本控制</keyword><keyword>空氣分離裝置</keyword><keyword>數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一平臺</keyword><keyword>H公司</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2017</year></dates><publisher>浙江工業(yè)大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[15]。過濾系統(tǒng)AF將粗糙空氣過濾完成。出來的凈化空氣經(jīng)過壓縮系統(tǒng)ATC1（壓到0.5MPa），最后流入預(yù)冷系統(tǒng)AC進(jìn)行初次換熱降溫ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>陳彩霞</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>9</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[16]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>9</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1619672290">9</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>陳彩霞</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>舒水明,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>全低壓空分裝置流程與精餾過程的模擬分析</title></titles><keywords><keyword>空分</keyword><keyword>提取率</keyword><keyword>ASPEN</keyword><keyword>PLUS</keyword><keyword>HYSYS</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year></dates><publisher>華中科技大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[16]。1.2.2空氣預(yù)冷系統(tǒng)由空氣冷凝、水冷塔及4臺泵等設(shè)備組成ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>葉鴻飛</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>32</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[17]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>32</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1619686089">32</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>葉鴻飛</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>空分裝置預(yù)冷系統(tǒng)在線清洗應(yīng)用實(shí)例</title><secondary-title>氮肥與合成氣</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>氮肥與合成氣</full-title></periodical><pages>17-19</pages><volume>45</volume><number>005</number><dates><year>2017</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[17]。裝有兩層塔料的空氣冷卻塔AC，空氣進(jìn)入冷卻塔底部的任務(wù)是由氣體壓縮設(shè)備ATC1擔(dān)任的，從下部到上端與填料層的填料接觸ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>陳彩霞</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>9</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[16]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>9</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1619672290">9</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>陳彩霞</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>舒水明,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>全低壓空分裝置流程與精餾過程的模擬分析</title></titles><keywords><keyword>空分</keyword><keyword>提取率</keyword><keyword>ASPEN</keyword><keyword>PLUS</keyword><keyword>HYSYS</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year></dates><publisher>華中科技大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[16]，經(jīng)從上而下的水換熱降溫而變冷ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Year>2003</Year><RecNum>31</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[18]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>31</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1619685858">31</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title>空分裝置利用LNG冷量的熱力學(xué)分析</title><secondary-title>深冷技術(shù)</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>深冷技術(shù)</full-title></periodical><pages>26-30</pages><number>03</number><dates><year>2003</year></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[18]，與此同時(shí)將有害氣體用水洗掉，接下來經(jīng)過頂端的特殊分離器，進(jìn)入下一個(gè)重要的工藝系統(tǒng)那就是分子篩純化工段MS1和MS2，15℃左右的氣體從空冷塔裝置ATC1出來ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>陳彩霞</Author><Year>2008</Year><RecNum>9</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[16]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>9</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1619672290">9</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>陳彩霞</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>舒水明,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>全低壓空分裝置流程與精餾過程的模擬分析</title></titles><keywords><keyword>空分</keyword><keyword>提取率</keyword><keyword>ASPEN</keyword><keyword>PLUS</keyword><keyword>HYSYS</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2008</year></dates><publisher>華中科技大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[16]?？绽渌M(jìn)水有兩部分。下部分為由循環(huán)水泵WP1將涼水塔來的水注入空冷塔的中段由上向下循環(huán)回涼水塔。上部分冷水由水冷卻塔EC、由精餾塔上塔C2和精氬塔C703中與污氮?dú)鈸Q熱得到，經(jīng)過加壓泵WP2到空氣冷卻塔頂部。1.2.3空氣純化系統(tǒng)組成主要由吸附器、氣體加熱器和電加熱器。其中吸附器MS1和MS2有雙層結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)（下層為活性Al2O3，上層為分子篩）兩臺機(jī)器一備一用。由上個(gè)系統(tǒng)過來的冷氣，經(jīng)此步驟后完成凈化后全部進(jìn)入精餾塔。污N2是分餾塔出來的，去掉水份和一氧化碳，污N2將它們吹冷排入大氣。再生氣經(jīng)蒸汽和電加熱設(shè)備SH升溫至255℃得到再生氣。經(jīng)純化后的空氣CO2的含量小于0.5ppm。ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>李蘇巧</Author><Year>2013</Year><RecNum>33</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[19]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>33</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620353226">33</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>李蘇巧</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>唐忠利,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>空分18000Nm~3/h純氮裝置流程的穩(wěn)態(tài)及動態(tài)模擬</title></titles><keywords><keyword>空分</keyword><keyword>HYSYS</keyword><keyword>穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬</keyword><keyword>動態(tài)模擬</keyword><keyword>板翅式換熱器</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2013</year></dates><publisher>天津大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[19]1.2.4增壓壓縮機(jī)系統(tǒng)從上個(gè)系統(tǒng)來的被凈化的空氣經(jīng)過ATC2加壓。加壓之后又分為兩部分，一部分從其中部引出又經(jīng)壓縮系統(tǒng)BC，然后經(jīng)過主換熱器E1冷卻后的氣體又用ET進(jìn)行增壓操作；另一部分從加壓完成后從末端排出，后進(jìn)入了主換熱系統(tǒng)E1進(jìn)行降溫。ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>彭相磊</Author><RecNum>35</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[20]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>35</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620353414">35</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">彭相磊</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">兗礦國宏</style><styleface="normal"font="default"size="100%">30000Nm3/h</style><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">空分凈化裝置節(jié)能和優(yōu)化</style></title></titles><dates></dates><publisher><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">天津大學(xué)</style></publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[20]1.2.5增壓膨脹機(jī)系統(tǒng)該系統(tǒng)主體是透平膨脹機(jī)。從上個(gè)系統(tǒng)E1中出來經(jīng)降溫的空氣，進(jìn)入由膨脹機(jī)ET，高壓空氣再循環(huán)回E1被降溫，在主熱交換器E1中與返流的液O2、N2和污氮降溫為所需溫度后，有一次進(jìn)入膨脹機(jī)ET讓空氣的壓力完成又一次增高，得到的空氣通往下塔C1進(jìn)行分流操作。ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>彭相磊</Author><RecNum>35</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[20]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>35</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620353414">35</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">彭相磊</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">兗礦國宏</style><styleface="normal"font="default"size="100%">30000Nm3/h</style><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">空分凈化裝置節(jié)能和優(yōu)化</style></title></titles><dates></dates><publisher><styleface="normal"font="default"charset="134"size="100%">天津大學(xué)</style></publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[20]1.2.6氧、氮分餾系統(tǒng)它主要由下和上塔C1和C2、主冷凝蒸發(fā)裝置K1、過冷卻器E3和液O2泵OP組成。從上兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)來的兩股凈化氣進(jìn)入熱交換裝置E1降溫至露點(diǎn)附近之后都送到下塔C1。經(jīng)下塔C1的分流，在下塔頂部獲得N2，將一小股到蒸發(fā)器K704充當(dāng)熱源，剩下一股被K1冷凝，冷凝過的N2一股又回流液進(jìn)下塔C1，一股由主換熱E1加熱得到N2產(chǎn)品。剩余N2由E3過冷完，一股成了液氮成品，一小股成了冷源進(jìn)入K703，另一股成為上塔C2的回流液ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>彭相磊</Author><RecNum>65</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[20]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>65</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1621319375">65</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>彭相磊</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>兗礦國宏30000Nm3/h空分凈化裝置節(jié)能和優(yōu)化</title></titles><dates></dates><publisher>天津大學(xué)</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[20]。分餾塔下塔C1的下段得到污液氮，通過E3完成過冷后，加入上塔C2上段經(jīng)節(jié)流后進(jìn)行分流。在分餾塔底部是高氧液空，經(jīng)E3過冷后，ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>劉琴</Author><RecNum>37</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[21,22]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>37</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620354665">37</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>劉琴</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>空分系統(tǒng)中主精餾塔參數(shù)的模擬分析</title></titles><dates></dates><publisher>天津大學(xué)</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>薛祥龍</Author><RecNum>66</RecNum><record><rec-number>66</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1621319478">66</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Generic">13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>薛祥龍</author><author>閆振華</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>N型模式節(jié)能制氣方法及n型模式節(jié)能制氣裝置</title></titles><dates></dates><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[21,22]一股作為粗氬塔C702的冷卻源，另一股至上塔中部節(jié)流后進(jìn)行分流。經(jīng)上塔C2分流，在頂部得到污N2，污N2經(jīng)E3加熱后，一股通過E1和EC制冷；一股經(jīng)E1加熱在純化工段再生；ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>董華</Author><RecNum>38</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[13,23]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>38</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620355105">38</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>董華</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>高硫煤綜合利用甲醇生產(chǎn)危險(xiǎn)有害性分析評價(jià)及預(yù)控</title></titles><dates></dates><publisher>天津大學(xué)</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite><Cite><Author>姚力</Author><Year>2015</Year><RecNum>40</RecNum><record><rec-number>40</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620355322">40</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>姚力</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>李士琦,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>鋼鐵制造流程中空分系統(tǒng)的有用能研究</title></titles><keywords><keyword>(?)分析</keyword><keyword>空分流程</keyword><keyword>節(jié)能</keyword><keyword>優(yōu)化</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2015</year></dates><publisher>北京科技大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>博士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></record></Cite></EndNote>[13,23]另一股經(jīng)主換熱E1加熱得到N2產(chǎn)品。液態(tài)O2從K1底部出來，一股成O2成品，其它經(jīng)OP增壓入主換熱器E1加熱后得到O2產(chǎn)品。ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>王勇</Author><RecNum>41</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[24]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>41</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1620355391">41</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>王勇</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>空氣分離整體工藝流程模擬及優(yōu)化</title></titles><dates></dates><publisher>天津大學(xué)</publisher><urls></urls></record></Cite></EndNote>[24]1.2.7制氬系統(tǒng)從分餾塔C2中間引出粗N2，從C701底部進(jìn)入，在C701中將粗N2中的Ar進(jìn)行初步分離，一部分初步分離的粗Ar從粗氬塔Ⅰ進(jìn)入粗氬塔Ⅱ的底部，另一部分提取Ar的粗N2流回分餾塔上塔C2中ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>鄒環(huán)澤</Author><Year>2017</Year><RecNum>67</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[25]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>67</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="0xxv5e0ztdrwv4e9e2qp5tp1r5w0tvfsetwa"timestamp="1621319614">67</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="Thesis">32</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>鄒環(huán)澤</author></authors><tertiary-authors><author>王丹,</author><author>魏順安,</author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title>深冷空分的過程模擬與節(jié)能分析</title></titles><keywords><keyword>空分</keyword><keyword>AspenPlus</keyword><keyword>AspenEnergyAnalysis</keyword><keyword>過程模擬</keyword><keyword>優(yōu)化分析</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2017</year></dates><publisher>重慶大學(xué)</publisher><work-type>碩士</work-type><urls></urls><remote-database-provider>Cnki</remote-database-provider></rec