2026年托福考試閱讀部分模擬題及答案考試時(shí)長(zhǎng)：120分鐘滿分：100分試卷名稱：2026年托?？荚囬喿x部分模擬題及答案考核對(duì)象：托?？荚噦淇颊哳}型分值分布：-判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-單選題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-多選題（總共10題，每題2分）總分20分-案例分析（總共3題，每題6分）總分18分-論述題（總共2題，每題11分）總分22分總分：100分---一、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）請(qǐng)判斷下列陳述的正誤。1.TheGreatBarrierReefisprimarilylocatedinthePacificOcean.2.PhotosynthesiswasfirstdiscoveredbyaDutchscientistinthe17thcentury.3.TheEiffelTowerwasoriginallyintendedforBarcelona,Spain,butrejectedduetoitsdesign.4.TheAmazonrainforestisthelargestrainforestinAfrica.5.Dinosaursbecameextinctduetoavolcaniceruption65millionyearsago.6.TheLouvreMuseumislocatedinRome,Italy.7.TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinciintheearly16thcentury.8.TheTajMahalwasbuiltbyQueenElizabethIofEngland.9.TheGreatWallofChinaisvisiblefromspacewiththenakedeye.10.ThefirstairplanewasinventedbytheWrightbrothersin1903.二、單選題（每題2分，共20分）請(qǐng)選擇最符合題意的選項(xiàng)。1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaprimaryfunctionoftheGreatBarrierReef?A.SupportingmarinebiodiversityB.GeneratingrenewableenergyC.ProtectingcoastalerosionD.Providingtourismrevenue2.Whoiscreditedwiththefirstsuccessfuldemonstrationofphotosynthesis?A.AntonievanLeeuwenhoekB.CarlLinnaeusC.JanIngenhouszD.RobertBoyle3.WhywastheEiffelTower'soriginaldesignrejectedforBarcelona?A.Itwasdeemedtootallandunsuitableforthecity.B.Itwastooexpensivetoconstruct.C.Itwasconsideredtoostrangeandunsuitable.D.Itwasalreadyunderconstructionbyanotherarchitect.4.WhichcontinentishometotheAmazonrainforest?A.AfricaB.AsiaC.SouthAmericaD.NorthAmerica5.Whatcausedtheextinctionofdinosaurs?A.ClimatechangeB.AvolcaniceruptionC.OverhuntingbymammalsD.Ameteoriteimpact6.InwhichcountryistheLouvreMuseumlocated?A.ItalyB.SpainC.FranceD.Germany7.WhopaintedtheMonaLisa?A.MichelangeloB.RaphaelC.LeonardodaVinciD.Donatello8.WhobuilttheTajMahal?A.EmperorAkbarB.QueenElizabethIC.ShahJahanD.NapoleonBonaparte9.WhatisacommonmisconceptionabouttheGreatWallofChina?A.Itisvisiblefromspace.B.ItwasbuiltentirelybytheMingDynasty.C.ItstretchesacrosstheentirewidthofChina.D.Itwasprimarilyusedfordefense.10.Whatyearwasthefirstairplaneinvented?A.1852B.1903C.1885D.1911三、多選題（每題2分，共20分）請(qǐng)選擇所有符合題意的選項(xiàng)。1.WhatarethemainbenefitsoftheGreatBarrierReef?A.BiodiversityconservationB.EconomicrevenuefromtourismC.ClimatechangemitigationD.Freshwatersupply2.Whatarethekeystagesofphotosynthesis?A.Light-dependentreactionsB.CarbonfixationC.OxygenproductionD.Nitrogenabsorption3.WhatarethereasonstheEiffelTower'soriginaldesignwasrejected?A.Itsheightwasdeemedexcessive.B.Itsdesignwasdeemedtoostrange.C.Itwastooexpensive.D.Itwasalreadypartiallybuilt.4.WhataretheecologicalimportanceoftheAmazonrainforest?A.Itishometoalargenumberofspecies.B.Ithelpsregulateglobalclimate.C.Itisamajorsourceoftimber.D.Itistheprimarysourceoffreshwater.5.Whatarethecausesofdinosaurextinction?A.AmeteoriteimpactB.VolcaniceruptionsC.ClimatechangeD.Overhunting6.WhatarethenotablefeaturesoftheLouvreMuseum?A.IthousestheMonaLisa.B.Itistheworld'slargestartmuseum.C.ItislocatedinRome.D.Itwasbuiltinthe19thcentury.7.WhatarethehistoricalsignificancesoftheMonaLisa?A.Itisoneofthemostfamouspaintingsinhistory.B.ItwaspaintedduringtheRenaissance.C.Itwasstoleninthe20thcentury.D.Itwasoriginallytitled"LaGioconda."8.WhatarethearchitecturalstylesoftheTajMahal?A.MughalB.GothicC.RenaissanceD.Baroque9.WhatarethecommonmisconceptionsabouttheGreatWallofChina?A.Itisvisiblefromspace.B.Itwasbuiltinasingleperiod.C.Itwasprimarilyusedfortrade.D.Itisthelongestman-madestructure.10.WhatarethecontributionsoftheWrightbrothers?A.Inventingthefirstsuccessfulairplane.B.Developingthetheoryofaerodynamics.C.Winningthefirstaviationrace.D.Establishingthefirstaviationschool.四、案例分析（每題6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:TheGreatBarrierReefTheGreatBarrierReefisavastmarineecosystemlocatedintheCoralSea,offthecoastofQueensland,Australia.Itistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem,composedofover2,900individualreefsand900islands.Thereefsupportsadiverserangeofmarinelife,includingover1,500fishspecies,411coralspecies,andnumerousbirdsandmarinemammals.However,thereefisfacingthreatsfromclimatechange,pollution,andoverfishing.Questions:a.WhataretheprimarybenefitsoftheGreatBarrierReef?b.Whatarethemainthreatstothereef?c.Howcanconservationeffortshelpprotectthereef?2.CaseStudy:PhotosynthesisPhotosynthesisisaprocessusedbyplants,algae,andcertainbacteriatoconvertlightenergyintochemicalenergy.Theprocessinvolvestwomainstages:thelight-dependentreactionsandtheCalvincycle(carbonfixation).PhotosynthesisiscrucialforlifeonEarthasitprovidesoxygenandorganiccompoundsthatsustainmostecosystems.Questions:a.Whatarethetwomainstagesofphotosynthesis?b.WhyisphotosynthesisimportantfortheEarth'secosystem?c.Howdoesclimatechangeaffectphotosynthesis?3.CaseStudy:TheWrightBrothersandtheFirstAirplaneTheWrightbrothers,OrvilleandWilbur,wereAmericaninventorsandaviationpioneerswhomadethefirstcontrolled,sustainedflightofapowered,heavier-than-airaircraftonDecember17,1903.Theirinventionrevolutionizedtransportationandhadaprofoundimpactonglobaltravelandwarfare.Questions:a.WhatwerethekeycontributionsoftheWrightbrothers?b.Whatchallengesdidtheyfaceduringtheirexperiments?c.Howdidtheirinventionchangetheworld?五、論述題（每題11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofbiodiversityinmarineecosystems,usingtheGreatBarrierReefasanexample.Explainhowhumanactivitiescontributetobiodiversitylossandsuggestmeasurestomitigatetheseimpacts.2.Explaintheprocessofphotosynthesisindetail,includingitsstagesandsignificancefortheEarth'secosystem.Discusshowclimatechangeandpollutionaffectphotosynthesisandproposesolutionstoprotectplantlife.---標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案及解析一、判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1.錯(cuò)誤（位于大堡礁海域）2.正確（由荷蘭科學(xué)家JanIngenhousz于1779年發(fā)現(xiàn)）3.正確（設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)于奇特，被巴塞羅那拒絕）4.錯(cuò)誤（位于南美洲）5.正確（由小行星撞擊導(dǎo)致）6.錯(cuò)誤（位于法國(guó)巴黎）7.正確8.錯(cuò)誤（由莫臥兒帝國(guó)皇帝沙賈汗建造）9.錯(cuò)誤（肉眼無(wú)法從太空中看到）10.正確解析：-第1題：大堡礁位于太平洋，而非大西洋。-第2題：JanIngenhousz是光合作用的發(fā)現(xiàn)者。-第3題：EiffelTower的設(shè)計(jì)在當(dāng)時(shí)過(guò)于前衛(wèi)，被巴塞羅那拒絕。-第4題：亞馬遜雨林在南美洲。-第9題：需要望遠(yuǎn)鏡才能看到長(zhǎng)城。二、單選題（每題2分，共20分）1.B（發(fā)電非其功能）2.C（JanIngenhousz首次成功演示光合作用）3.C（設(shè)計(jì)被認(rèn)為過(guò)于奇特）4.C（南美洲）5.D（小行星撞擊）6.C（法國(guó)巴黎）7.C（達(dá)芬奇所畫）8.C（沙賈汗建造）9.A（肉眼不可見(jiàn)）10.B（1903年）解析：-第1題：大堡礁主要功能是生物多樣性保護(hù)、旅游、防侵蝕。-第5題：恐龍滅絕的主要原因是小行星撞擊。三、多選題（每題2分，共20分）1.A,B（生物多樣性保護(hù)、旅游收入）2.A,B,C（光反應(yīng)、碳固定、產(chǎn)氧）3.A,B（高度過(guò)高、設(shè)計(jì)奇特）4.A,B（物種多樣性、氣候調(diào)節(jié)）5.A,B,C（小行星撞擊、火山活動(dòng)、氣候變化）6.A,B,D（收藏《蒙娜麗莎》、世界最大藝術(shù)館、19世紀(jì)建成）7.A,B,C,D（歷史地位高、文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期、曾被盜、原名《吉奧孔達(dá)》）8.A（莫臥兒風(fēng)格）9.A,B,D（不可見(jiàn)、非單時(shí)期建造、最長(zhǎng)人工結(jié)構(gòu)）10.A,B（發(fā)明飛機(jī)、發(fā)展空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)理論）解析：-第1題：大堡礁不提供淡水。-第8題：泰姬陵是莫臥兒風(fēng)格建筑。四、案例分析（每題6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:TheGreatBarrierReefa.參考答案：生物多樣性保護(hù)、旅游收入、氣候調(diào)節(jié)。b.參考答案：氣候變化（海水變暖）、污染（農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)廢水）、過(guò)度捕撈。c.參考答案：建立保護(hù)區(qū)、減少污染排放、控制捕撈量、公眾教育。解析：-a.大堡礁是生物多樣性寶庫(kù)，帶動(dòng)旅游業(yè)，并有助于調(diào)節(jié)氣候。-c.保護(hù)措施需綜合環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)因素。2.CaseStudy:Photosynthesisa.參考答案：光反應(yīng)、碳固定（卡爾文循環(huán)）。b.參考答案：提供氧氣和有機(jī)物，支持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。c.參考答案：氣候變化導(dǎo)致溫度升高，影響光反應(yīng)效率；污染（如二氧化硫）破壞葉綠素。解析：-b.光合作用是地球生命的基礎(chǔ)。-c.污染會(huì)抑制植物生長(zhǎng)。3.CaseStudy:TheWrightBrothersa.參考答案：發(fā)明第一架可控飛機(jī)。b.參考答案：風(fēng)