第1題Whetherthepathogencancausediseaseafterenteringthebodydependslargelyon:()AProtectiveimmunityofthebodyBInvasionrouteandspecificlocalizationofthepathogenCVirulenceandabundanceofthepathogenDThebody’snaturalbarrierfunctionEPathogenicityofthepathogenandimmunefunctionofthebody正確答案：E第2題Afterthepathogeninvadesthehumanbody,itonlycausesthespecificimmuneresponseofthebody,butnotdosecauseoronlycausesslighttissuedamage,anddon’tshowanysymptoms,signsandbiochemicalchangesclinically,whichcanonlybefoundthroughimmunologicalexamination,suchacasebelongsto:()AEliminationofpathogenBCovertinfectionCOvertinfectionDCarrierstateELatentinfection第3題Thebasicconditionoftheepidemicprocessis:()ACarriers,infectedanimalsBCircumferential,region,seasonalCSporadic,epidemic,outbreak,pandemicDSourcesofinfection,ModesofTransmission,SusceptibilityENaturalfactors,socialfactors第4題Theoccurrence,developmentandoutcomeofacuteinfectiousdiseasesareusuallydividedinto:()AIncubationperiod,prodromalperiod,obvioussymptoms,convalescenceperiodBProdromalperiod,eruptivestage,convalescenceperiodCInitialperiod,extremeperiod,convalescenceperiodDFervescenceperiod,fastigium,defervescenceperiodEEarly,middle,latestage第5題Theleadingpreventivemeasuresforgastrointestinaltractinfection:()AIsolateandtreatpatientsBDetectionandtreatmentofcarriersCCuttingofftherouteoftransmissionDVaccinationEContactprophylaxis第6題Whichofthefollowingplaysakeyroleinboostingimmunity:()ANutritionalimprovementBPhysicalexerciseCVaccinationDPreventinfectionEPreventivemedicine第7題Thebasiccharacteristicsofinfectiousdiseases,except:()APathogenBInfectivityCEpidemiologyfeatureDPostinfectionimmunityESymptomsofinfectionandpoisoning正確答案：E第8題Themostcommonmanifestationsofinfectionis:()AEliminationofpathogenBCovertinfectionCOvertinfectionDCarrierstateELatentinfection第9題Whichofthefollowingantibodiesappearsduringtheconvalescencestageandlastforalongtime:()AIgGBIgACIgMDIgDEIgE第1題Whichpathogencancauseworldpandemics?()AbacillusinfluenzaBinfluenzaACCinfluenzaBDinfluenzaC第2題Whichstatementiswrongabouttheinfluenzavirusantigentransformation?()AHAand/orNAwithlargevariationBnewinfluenzatypesCdifferenttypesofinfluenzavirusgenerecombinationDpointmutationofthevirus第3題Incorrectdescriptionofviralhemagglutionis().AItcanagglutinatehumanredbloodcell.BIthasthefunctionofneutralizing.CIthasenzymeactivityDItcanbindtothereceptorsonthesurfaceofhostcell.第4題Basisforinfluenzavirustypes()Aantigenicityofproteinsandmembraneproteins.Bbytheclinicalcharacteristicsofthedisease.CHADepidemiologicfeature.第5題BasisforinfluenzaAvirustypes()AnucleoproteinBhemagglutininandneuraminidaseCMproteinDpolymetnase第6題Influenzaviruscanbespreadin()mainways.AoneBtwoCthreeDfour第7題Whichstatementiswrongabouttheinfluenza-likeillness?()Athecommoncauseiscommoncold.Bless-commoncausesinclude

sideeffects

ofmanydrugs.Cmanyinfestationsofmanyotherdiseases.Donlyinfluenzahastheinfluenza-likeillness.第8題Influenzavirusesare()virusthatbelongstothefamily().()ARNAOrthomyxoviridae.BDNAOrthomyxoviridae.CRNAParamyxovirusDDNAParamyxovirus第9題Therearetwoclassesantiviralsofinfluenza,theyare().Aretrovirusinhibitors.BM2proteininhibitorsandNeuraminidaseinhibitorsCintegraseinhibitors.Dligaseinhibitors.第10題Whichisdifferentfromothers?()AZanamivirBOseltamivirCRimantadineDLaninamivirHIVandAIDS-task第1題WhichofthefollowingwayscannotHIVbetransmitted:()AsexualcontactBbloodtransfusionCmotherandbabyDhandshakeEsharedsyringeinjection第2題ThemainclinicaldevelopmentprocessofHIVinfectionisdividedinto:()Aincubationperiod,prodromalstage,earlyAIDSandlateAIDS.BAcuteinfectionstage,subacuteinfectionstage,chronicinfectionstageandsecondaryopportunisticinfectionstageCacuteinfectionperiod,asymptomaticstage,AIDSstageDAsymptomaticperiod,symptomobviousperiod,symptomimprovementperiodandrecoveryperiodEacuteinfectionperiod,slowinfectionperiod,AIDSlateandsequelaperiod.第3題WhichofthefollowingcellsdoesHIVmainlyinfect:()ACD4+TlymphocytesBSkinepithelialcellsCMonocyteDGlialcellsEBlymphocyte第4題Whichofthefollowingisnotthehigh-riskgroupforHIVinfection:()AGaymenBSexualpromiscuityCIntravenousdrugaddictsDHemophiliapatientsreceivedmultiplebloodtransfusionsEMedicalworkers正確答案：E第5題ThemostcommonsecondarytumorofAIDSpatientsis:()AKaposi'ssarcomaBNasopharyngealcarcinomaCLivercancerDColoncancerELungcancer第6題ThemostcommonpathogencausinglunginfectioninAIDSpatientsis()AklebsiellapneumoniaeBStaphylococcusCStreptococcusDneumocystis

carinii

pneumoniaEDiplococcuspneumoniae第7題AIDSpatientsmaycausesecondaryoralleukoplakiabysecondaryinfection.Themainpathogensofthisdiseaseare:()AMycoplasmaBFungiCVirusDChlamydiaEBacteria第8題ThepossibilityofAIDSshouldbeconsideredinhigh-riskgroupswithtwoormoreofthefollowingconditions,butexcluding()ARecurrentherpeszosterorchronicdisseminatedherpessimplexBChroniccoughordiarrheaformorethan1monthCIntermittentorpersistentfeverformorethan1monthDbilateralinguinallymphnodeenlargementELosemorethan10%ofyourbodyweight第9題whichofthefollowingdescriptionsoftheclinicalasymptomaticperiodofHIVinfectioniswrong:()AGp120andgp41werenotdetectedinbloodBHIVisnotdetectedintheblood.CNoclinicalsymptomsDInfectiousEp24wasdetectedinblood第10題Theso-calledantiHIVcombineddrugregimenrefersto:()ANucleosideantiHIVdrugsornonnucleosideantiHIVdrugs+interleukinIIBNucleosideornonnucleosideantiHIVdrugs+acyclovirCNucleosideantiHIVdrugsornonnucleosideantiHIVdrugs+ganciclovirDNucleosideantiHIVdrugsornonnucleosideantiHIVdrugs+interferonECombinedapplicationofnucleosideantiretroviralenzymeinhibitorsornon-nucleosideantiretroviralenzymeinhibitors+proteaseinhibitors正確答案：EJapaneseencephalitis-task第1題WhichofthefollowingisnotthecauseofperipheralrespiratoryfailureofencephalitisB?()ASputumobstructionofrespiratorytractBThroatblockingCPulmonaryinfectionDHyponatreticencephalopathyERespiratorymuscleparalysiscausedbymyelopathy第2題ThepathogenofJapaneseencephalitisis()ABstreptococcusBCCoxsackievirusDJapaneseencephalitisvirusENeisseriameningitidisFhemolyticstreptococcus第3題TheclinicalstageofJapaneseencephalitisdoesnotinclude()AearlyBfebrileperiodCextremeperiodDrecoveryperiodESequelae第4題ThemaincauseofdeathofJapaneseencephalitisis()ApersistenthighfeverBConvulsionCRespiratoryfailureDCerebralherniaEShock第5題ThepathogensofJapaneseencephalitisare()ADNAvirusBRNAvirusCMycoplasmaDBacteriaEFungi第6題WhatisthemainsourceofinfectionofepidemicencephalitisB?()APatientBMosquitoesCPigsDRodentsEPeoplewhocarrythevirus第7題ThefollowinggroupsaremostvulnerabletoencephalitisBvirus?()AAdolescentsBUnvaccinatedchildren,especiallyunder10yearsoldCAllchildrenaged2-6yearsoldDElderlypeopleEMiddle-agedpeople第8題TheclinicalmanifestationsofJapaneseBencephalitisintheextremestageshouldbeexcluded()AhighfeverandconvulsionsBRespiratoryfailureCDisturbanceofconsciousnessandintracranialhypertensionDDelayedparalysisEPositivemeningealirritationsignandpathologicalsign第9題Amongthefollowingvirusinfections,whatkindofdiseaseisthemostcommonoccultinfection?()AMeaslesBEpidemicencephalitisBCInfluenzaDRabiesERubella第10題WhatistherouteoftransmissionofJapaneseencephalitisvirus?()APigBHorseCCattleDSheepECulex正確答案：E第11題

____isthepathogenofJapaneseencephalitis

正確答案：:Japaneseencephalitisvirus第12題

Japaneseencephalitisvriusisbelongto____genus.正確答案：:arbovirusesflaviviridaeflavivirus第13題

JEviralgenesare____,packagedin____withalipidmembrane.正確答案：:single-strandedRNA正確答案：:thenucleocapsid第14題Japaneseencephalitisvirushas____resistancetoheat.正確答案：:weak第15題

Thediseaseisperiodicallyepidemicin(____),(____),and(____).正確答案：:SoutheastAsia正確答案：:China正確答案：:theAsiansubcontinentHemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndrome-task第1題Thereservoirhostofhemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndrome()are().AfishBSnailsCmosquitoesDrodentsEbirds第2題Thetransmissionroutesofhantavirusinclude().ARespiratorytractspreadBAlimentarytractspreadCContacttransmissionDVerticaltransmissionEAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：E第3題Thesignsofhighbloodvolumesyndromeinclude().AvenousengorgementBpulseenlargementandhypertensionCpulsepressureincreaseDsevereedemaEAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：E第4題Thetherapeuticprincipleinoliguricperiodofhemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndromeinclude().AStabilizationofinternalenvironment,BDiuresisCBloodlettingtherapyandCatharsisDDialysistherapyEAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：E第5題Thetherapeuticprincipleinfebrileperiodofhemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndromeinclude().AControlinfectionBDecreasetheexudationCImprovethetoxicsymptomsDPreventtheDICEAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：E第6題ThetherapeuticprincipleinhypotensiveperiodofHemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndromeinclude().ASupplementthebloodvolumeBCorrecttheacidosisCMakethebloodpressurestableDEnhancemyocardialcontraction,andUsetheadrenocorticalhormonetomitigatedamages.EAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：E第7題Themainpathogenesiscausedbyhantavirusis()Aheadache,lumbagoandorbitalpainBflushingoftheface,flushingoftheneckandflushingoftheupperchestCvascularendothelialdamage.DhighbloodvolumesyndromeEFever第8題Themajorcardinalsymptomsinfebrilephaseofhemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndromeinclude()AFeverBSuffusionandhemorrhageCexudativeedemaDrenalinjuryEAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：E第9題Inhypotensivephaseofhemorrhagicfeverwithrenalsyndrome,patientshaveanabruptfallinbloodpressure,sometimestoshocklevels.Themaincauseofhypotensionis()AHemorrhageBinfectionCIncreasedvascularpermeabilityleadstolossofplasmafromtheintravascularspace.DLowintakeoffoodandwaterEIncreasedurineoutput第10題Thediagnosisofhemorrhagicfevercasesneedstobebasedon()AEpideniologyBMain

clinical

featuresofthediseaseCUsefulclinicallaboratoryparametersincludeleukocytosis,thrombocytopenia,proteinuria,membranoidsubstanceofurine,changesofbloodbiochemistry,Dserologicaloretiologicalresults.EAlloftheaboveoptions正確答案：ETyphoidFever-task第1題Themaincausesofpathogenicityoftyphoidbacilliare:()AEndotoxinBNeurotoxinCExotoxinDEnterotoxinECytotoxin第2題Whichofthefollowingiswrongintheetiologyoftyphoidfever:()ASalmonellatyphibelongstogroupDinthegenusSalmonellaBCanformspores,haveflagella,andcanmoveCItcangrowinnormalmedium,butitisbetterinmediumcontainingbileDThereisaweakerVIantigenENoexotoxinisproduced,andendotoxinisreleasedafterthebacterialcleavage第3題Themainsourcesofinfectionthatcausethecontinuousspreadorepidemicoftyphoidfeverare:()AIncubationperiodofpatientswithtyphoidfeverBPatientswithcommontyphoidfeverCChroniccarriersDTyphoidfeverrecoveryperiodEPatientswithfulminanttyphoidfever第4題Themaincausesofhepatosplenomegalyintyphoidfeverare:()ATypeIallergyBTypeIIIallergyCWholebodyreticuloendothelialsystemproliferativereactionDToxichepatitisETyphoidhepatitis,spleenitis第5題Themostseriouscomplicationsoftyphoidfeverare:()AHemolytic-uremicsyndromeBToxicmyocarditisCIntestinalbleedingDToxichepatitisEIntestinalperforation正確答案：E第6題Whichclinicalmanifestationsoftyphoidfeverwillnotappear?()AContinuousfever.BEnlargedliverandspleen.CRelativelyslowpulse,roseola.DSkinecchymosis.ENervoussystemsymptoms第7題Theinfectiousdiseaseofperipheralbloodeosinophiliais:()AHepatitisABAcutebacillarydysenteryCEpidemichemorrhagicfeverDTyphoidfeverEJapaneseencephalitis第8題Forpatientswhohaveusedantibioticsandsuspectedoftyphoidfever,themostvaluabletestis:()ABloodeosinophilcountBBonemarrowcultureCBloodcultureDWidalreactionEFecalculture第9題Thetestwiththehighestpositiveratewithinthefirstweekofonsetoftyphoidfeveris:()AStoolcultureBComplementfixationtestCBloodcultureDUrinecultureEWidalreaction第10題Whentyphoidfeverpatientswithneutropenia,whichofthefollowingdrugsshouldbeusedtotreatthepathogenoftyphoidfever:()AChloramphenicolBVancomycinCCompoundmethylisoxazoleDCeftazidimeEErythromycinCholera-task第1題Whatisthepathogenofcholera?()AMeningococcusBVibriocholeraeCShigelladysenteryDEscherichiacoliESalmonellatyphi第2題Whatisthefirstsymptomofcholera?()AVomitBBellyacheCDiarrheaDFeverEFatigue第3題Whatisthecornerstoneofmanagementofpatientswithcholera?()ARehydrationBAntibioticsCDialysisDIsolationEVaccination第4題Whatisthetransmissionrouteofcholera?()ASexualtransmissionBMothertoinfanttransmissionCFecal-oralrouteDDruginjectionERespiratorytracttransmission第5題Whatisthecausativeagentforthemassivesecretorydiarrheaofcholera?()AEndotoxinBNeuraminidaseCHemagglutininDCholeratoxin(CT)EBacteremia第6題Howdoescholeraspread?()AWaterBFoodCAirDLifecontactEFlies第7題Whydoesthepatientswithcholerahavediarrheaandvomiting?()AReabsorptiondisorderBHypersecretionofintestinalepithelialcellsCIntestinalinflammationDIncreasedintestinalmotilityEBowelInconttinence第8題WhatkindofinfectiousdiseaseischolerainChina?()AClassABClassBCClassCDClassDEClassE第9題What’sthepurposeofantibacterialtreatmentforcholera?()AToshortenthecourseofthediseaseBToreducethefrequencyofdiarrheaCToquicklyremovepathogenicbacteriafromthestoolDAlloftheabove第10題Thesourceofinfectionofcholeraismainlypatientsandcarriers,andtheimportantroleintheprocessofspreadingthediseaseis:()ATypicalpatientsBSeverepatientsCMildpatientsandhealthybacteriacarrierDPatientsinincubationperiodEPatientsinrecoveryperiodShigellosis-task第1題Thepathogenofbacillarydysenterybelongsto()AShigellaBSalmonellaCVibrioDCampylobacterESpirulina第2題Themainfactorofsystemictoxemiaofbacillarydysenteryiscausedby()AFloraBEndotoxinCExotoxinDImmunityENumberofbacteria第3題Regardingtheclinicalmanifestationsofacutedysentery,whichiswrong()AProtrudingchillsandfeverBPusandbloodinstoolCTendernessinthewholeabdomen,mainlyintherightlowerabdomenDOftenaccompaniedbytenseEDehydrationandelectrolytedisturbancemayoccur第4題Themostreliableevidenceforthediagnosisofbacillarydysenteryis()ATypicalpusandbloodstoolBPositivestoolcultureCObviouslytenseandheavyDPositiveimmunologicalexaminationEStoolmicroscopicexaminationfoundalargenumberofpuscellsandphagocytes第5題Dysenteryisoneoftheinfectiousdiseaseswiththehighestincidence,andthereasonis()AImmunityisnotlastingforlongafterinfectionBTherearemanytypesofbacteria,andthereisnocross-immunitybetweenbacterialtypesCIncreaseddrug-resistantstrainsofcarriersDBacteriaareratherpathogenicEAlloftheabove正確答案：E第6題RegardingthebiologicalcharacteristicsofShigella,whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong()AAccordingtobacterialantigens,itcanbedividedinto4groups:A,B,C,DBStrongsurvivabilityintheinvitroenvironmentCSurviveonfruitsandcontaminateditemsatroomtemperaturefor10-20dDThehigherthetemperature,thelongerthesurvivaltimeofShigellaECanproduceexotoxin第7題Shigellaisacommoncauseofbacterialdiarrhea.Itistransmittedbydirect____spreadand,lesscommonly,through____and____.Thesourceofinfectionare____.正確答案：:persontoperson正確答案：:contaminatedfood正確答案：:water正確答案：:patientsandcarriers第8題Theincubationperiodrangesfrom____days.Patientswith

Shigellagastroenteritistypicallypresentwith____,____,and____,

____

;tenesmusiscommon.

正確答案：:onetoseven正確答案：:highfever正確答案：:abdominalcramps正確答案：:bloody正確答案：:mucoiddiarrhea第9題Immuneprotectionaftershigellainfectionis____,and________,humanscouldbeinfectedrepeatedly.正確答案：:serotype-specific正確答案：:short正確答案：:weak第10題Thepresenceof____,____,and____canbeseenondirectmicroscopicexaminationofthestool,whichcansupportthediagnosisofshigellosis.正確答案：:WBC正確答案：:RBC正確答案：:puscells第11題Treatmentoptionsofshigellosisgenerallyincludea____,

____,and____

（cefixime

or

ceftriaxone）.正確答案：:fluoroquinolone正確答案：:azithromycin正確答案：:athirdgenerationcephalosporinIntroductiontoMeningococcalmeningitis-task第1題WhichofthefollowingisnotthecauseofperipheralrespiratoryfailureofencephalitisB?()ASputumobstructionofrespiratorytractBThroatblockingCPulmonaryinfectionDHyponatreticencephalopathyERespiratorymuscleparalysiscausedbymyelopathy第2題