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ObjectivesUponthecompletionofthisproject,studentswill:■UnderstandtheflowchartofL/C.■BeabletourgetheopeningoftherelativeL/C.■BeabletochecktheL/C.■Beabletomaketheamendmentbybusinesslette返回LeadingInThecommonlyusedtermsofpaymentofferedbyexporters:(1)PaymentinAdvance—beforegoodsareshipped.(2)OpenAccountPayment—aftergoodsareshippedorreceived.(3)DocumentaryCredits—paymentisguaranteedbyabanksubjecttothefulfillmentofcertaintermsandconditionsbytheimporterandexporter.下一頁(yè)返回LeadingIn(4)DocumentaryCollections—paymentishandledbybanksactingasagentsfortheimporterandexporter.Internationalbusinesstransactionsaremuchmorecomplicatedthandomesticones.Thepaymentprocessismuchlonger,andinvolvesallkindsofrisks*
OpenAccount(O/A)賒銷Thisistheleastsecuremethodoftradingforsellers,butthemostattractivetobuyers.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingInItcanonlybeusedwhensellersareconfidentthatpaymentwillbereceived.*
AdvancePayment預(yù)付Thisisthemostsecuremethodoftradingforsellersbuttheleastattractivetobuyers*
Collection托收Thismethodismoresecurethanopenaccountbutlesssothanaletterofcredit.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingInThereisnoguaranteeofpaymentfromthebankalthoughitisinvolved.Itcanbesubdividedintothefollowing:DocumentsagainstPayment(D/P,付款交單,也稱“D/Patsight”或“D/Paftersight”)andDocumentsagainstAcceptance(D/A,承兌交單).*LetterofCredit(L/C)信用證Thismethodiswidelyusedininternationaltrade.Insimpleterms,aletterofcreditisaconditionalbankundertakingofpayment.TheprocedureoftheissuanceofL/C:上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingIn上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingInWhytochooseexportletterofcredit?Lowerrisks—bankcreditoftheissuingbankreplacesthecommercialcreditoftheimporter,andtheissuingbankprovidestheundertakingofconditionalpaymenttotheexporterHighinitiative—exporterwillobtaintheundertakingofunconditionalpaymentfromtheissuingbankaslongastheexportercanguaranteethequalityofdocumentswhichiscompletelyundercontroloftheexporter.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingInFeetransfer—bankingchargessuchasopeningL/Cetc.areusuallyfortheimporter’s
account.Checkthedetailsofaletterofcredit,includingthefollowing:(1)Thenamesandaddressesarecompleteandspelledcorrectly.(2)Theamountissufficienttocovertheconsignment.(3)TheL/Cisirrevocableandconfirmedbytheadvisingbank,conformingtosalescontract.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingIn(4)Thedescriptionofgoodsiscorrect.(5)Thequantityiscorrect.(6)Theunitpriceofgoods,ifstatedintheL/C,conformstothecontractprice.(7)Thelatestdateforshipmentortheshippingdateissufficienttodispatchtheconsignment.(8)Thelatestdatefornegotiationortheexpirydateissufficienttopresentthedocumentsanddraft(s)tothebank.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回LeadingIn(9)Theport(orpoint)ofshipmentandtheport(orpoint)ofdestinationarecorect.(10)Thepartialshipmentispermittedorprohibited.(11)Thetransshipmentispermittedorprohibited.(12)TheL/Cistransferableornon-transferable.(13)Thetypeofriskandtheamountofinsurancecoverage,ifrequired.(14)Thedocumentsrequiredareobtainable.上一頁(yè)返回SpecimenLetter1.LetterOne(UrgetheopeningofanL/C)May15,2001FordTradingCo.,Ltd.2WoodAvenue,NewYorkU.S.A.Gentlemen:WerefertoyourorderMFT09071andourS/CNo.3386.Thegoodsundertheabove-mentionedS/Chavebeenreadyforquitesometime.AccordingtotheS/C,shipmentistobemadebeforeMay25.下一頁(yè)返回SpecimenLetterWesentyouafaxtwodaysagoaskingyoutoexpeditetherelevantL/C,buthavenotreceivedanyreplybynow.Theshipmentdateisapproaching.WemustpointoutthatweshallbeunabletoeffectshipmentwithinthestipulatedtimeunlessyourL/Creachedusbeforetheendof
thisweek.Wehopethisletterwillreceiveyourpromptattention.Bestregards,ShundaManufacturingCo.WanHuiliManager上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回SpecimenLetter2.LetterTwo(Examinationofaletterofcredit)July8,2001AmericanAir-conditionAgency89SecondAvenueNewYorkU.S.AGentlemen:WehavereceivedyourletterofcreditNo.319,butwenoticeditcontainsthefollowingdiscrepancies:上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回SpecimenLetter(1)Thecommissiongrantedforthistransactionshouldbe3%,butyourL/Cdemandsacommissionof5%.(2)TheshipmentshouldbemadeduringAugust/September,insteadof“onorbefore31August.”PleaseamendyourL/Cassoonaspossibleinordertoenableustoeffectshipment.Bestregards,YingxingTradingCo.ZhouDahaiManager上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回SpecimenLetter3.LetterThree(AskingforL/Camendment)9April,2001Messrs.Greenwood&Co.45MadisonStreetPerth,AustraliaDearSirs,AswestipulatedinourS/CFX086,shipmentshouldbemadebefore5April,butyourletterofcreditreachedusonlyyesterday.Nowitisimpossibleforustoeffectshipmentontime.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回SpecimenLetterPleaseextendtheshipmentdateandthevalidityofyourletterofcreditto20April
and11Mayrespectivelyandarrangetheamendmentadvicetoreachusbefore15April.Bestregards,ChinaNationalImport&ExportCorporationGaoWeiGeneralManage上一頁(yè)返回TermstoLearn(1)topayby(2)tieup(3)remittance(4)collection(5)tomeetwith(6)usualpractice(7)affect(8)comeintostock(9)toacceptadraft,tohonoradraft(10)equivalentin(11)inthelightof(12)makeuptheorder(13)checkwith(14)notify(15)inthecircumstances(16)makepurchaseonone’sownaccount下一頁(yè)返回TermstoLearn(17)D/P,D/A(18)todrawadrafton(19)intheamountof,fortheamountof,
totheamountof(20)torefuseadraft,todishonoradraft,
todeclineadraft(21)tothiseffect,tothateffect,tothe
aboveeffect(22)expire(23)extend(24)sightL/C,timeL/C(25)tosetaprecedent(26)tofollowtheusualprocedure(27)issue上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回TermstoLearn(28)onexamination,onperusal(29)moreoftenthannot(30)fewandfarbetween(31)amendsth.toread(32)drawone’sattentiontothefactthat(33)expedite(34)subsequentamendments(35)seetoitthat(36)beinexactaccordancewith(37)onthepartof(38)toopentheL/Cwith,toopentheL/Cthrough上一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences1.選擇付款條款(ChoiceofTermsofPayment)句型1:PaymentbyL/C以信用證方式支付Weadopt(accept)paymentbyL/C.我們采用(接受)信用證付款方式。Ourusualtermsofpaymentarebyconfirmed,irrevocableletterofcreditinourfavor,payable(available)bydraftatsight,reachingusonemonthaheadofshipmentremainingvalidfornegotiationinChinaforafurther21daysaftertheprescribedtimeofshipmentandallowingtransshipmentandpartialshipment下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences我們的支付條件是以保兌的、不可撤銷的,以我公司為受益人的,允許分裝和轉(zhuǎn)船,見票即付的信用證支付。該信用證應(yīng)于裝期前一個(gè)月到達(dá)我方,并在規(guī)定的裝期后21天內(nèi)可以在中國(guó)議付。句型2:under(on)爥term按……方式WeregretthatweareunabletoconsideryourrequestforpaymentunderD/Aterms.對(duì)你方要求以承兌交單方式付款一事,我們歉難考慮。Wewishyoucouldsupplyusinfutureon60d/sD/Aterms.我們希望你方能按60天期承兌交單方式向我方供貨。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型3:on爥basis按……方式WearepreparedtoacceptpaymentforyourtrialorderonD/Pbasis.對(duì)你方這批試購(gòu)的貨物,我們準(zhǔn)備接受付款交單方式付款。句型4:tomakeanexception(orasanexceptionalcase)破例Inviewofourlongbusinessrelation,wewillmakeanexceptiontoourrulesandacceptL/Cat30days(after)sight.由于我們長(zhǎng)期的貿(mào)易關(guān)系,我們破例地接受見票后30天議付的信用證。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesAsanexceptionalcase,weacceptpaymentforyourinitialorderonD/Abasis.對(duì)于你方初次訂單,我們破例地接受承兌交單付款方式。句型5:asaspecialaccommodation作為特殊照顧Asaspecialaccommodation,weagreetoyourproposalandacceptpaymentbyD/A
atsight,butthisshouldnotberegardedasaprecedent.作為特殊照顧,我們同意你方建議,接受即期付款交單,但是這不應(yīng)被視為先例。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesInordertopavethewayforyourpushingthesaleforourproductsinyourmarket,weagreetopaymentforthistransactionunderD/Atermsasaspecialaccommodation.為協(xié)助你方在你市場(chǎng)推銷我方產(chǎn)品,對(duì)此我方同意按承兌交單方式付款,以示特別照顧。句型6:tobeapplicable可適用的D/Pisapplicableonlyiftheamountinvolvedforeachtransactionislessthan$1,000.只有在每次交易的金額不超過1000美元時(shí),才可用付款交單的付款方式。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesD/Apaymentisnotapplicabletoyourcase.承兌交單付款不適用于你方情況。句型7:toremit…by以……方式匯票款Inordertosavealotofexpensesonopeningtheletterofcredit,wewillremityouthefullamountbyT/Twhenthegoodspurchasedbyusarereadyforshipmentandthefreightspaceisbooked.為了節(jié)省開立信用證的大量費(fèi)用,我們將在我方購(gòu)買的貨物已備齊待運(yùn),位已訂下時(shí),電匯全部金額。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences2.催證(UrgingEstablishmentofL/C)句型1:toexpedite(rush)anL/C加速開立信用證PleaseexpeditetheL/Csothatwemayexecutetheordersmoothly.請(qǐng)加速開出信用證,以便順利執(zhí)行訂單。Asthegoodshavebeenready,pleaserushtheL/CcoveringS/CAC1301.由于貨已備妥,請(qǐng)速開AC1301號(hào)售貨確認(rèn)書的信用證。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型2:toenablesb.toeffectshipment使某人能發(fā)貨Theshipmentdateisapproaching.ItwouldbeadvisableforyoutoopentheL/C
coveringyourorderNo.751asearlyaspossiblesoastoenableustoeffectshipment
withinthestipulatedtimelimit.裝運(yùn)期臨近,期望你方盡早開立你方751號(hào)訂單的信用證,以便我方在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)裝運(yùn)。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型3:toconformto….與……相一致PleaseseetoitthattheL/Cstipulationsconformstrictlytothetermsofthecontractsoastoavoidsubsequentamendment.請(qǐng)注意,信用證的規(guī)定與合同條款要完全一致,以避免以后改證。句型4:tocancel(rescind)acontract取消合同Thegoodsarereadyfordispatch.PleasedoyourmosttoexpeditetheL/C,orwecanbutrescindthecontractandaskyoutorefundtousthestoragechargeswehavepaidonyourbehalf.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences貨已備妥待運(yùn)。請(qǐng)盡力速開信用證,否則我們只能取消合同并要求你方償還我們?yōu)槟愎敬兜膫}(cāng)儲(chǔ)費(fèi)用。3.開證(EstablishmentofL/C)句型1:toarrangetoopenanL/C安排開立信用證Weencloseanapplicationformfordocumentarycreditandshallbegladifyouwillarrangetoopenforouraccountanirrevocableletterofcreditfor$40000infavorofABCCompany,thecredittobevaliduntilJune15.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences茲附寄跟單信用證申請(qǐng)書一份。請(qǐng)開立以ABC公司為受益人,金額為4萬美元的不可撤銷信用證,有效期至6月15日截止,由我方付款。句型2:toestablish(open)anL/Cthrough…bank通過……銀行開立信用證WewritetoinformyouthatwehavetodayestablishedwithChemicalBankanirrevocabledocumentaryL/Cinyourfavorfortheamountof$52000covering1,000setsofTVs.茲函告今天我們已由化學(xué)銀行開立以你方為受益人的不可撤銷跟單信用證,金額為52000美元,支付1000臺(tái)電視機(jī)。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesInspiteofourrepeatedrequests,westillhavenotreceivedyourletterofcreditup
tonow.Pleaseopenthecreditimmediately.Otherwise,wecannoteffectshipmentas
scheduled.盡管再三催請(qǐng)開證,仍未收到你方信用證。請(qǐng)立即開立信用證,否則不能按計(jì)劃交貨。TodaywehaveopenedanirrevocableL/CinyourfavorfortheamountofUS$9,000coveringourOrderNo.3422withtheBankofChina,Dalian.我們今天通過中國(guó)銀行大連分行就第3422號(hào)訂單開立了以你方為受益人的不可撤銷的信用證,金額為9000美元。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型3:tobeconfirmedby由……保兌ThisL/CwillbeconfirmedbytheFirstCommercialBankandtheywillacceptdraft
onthematsixtydaysaftersightfortheamountofyourinvoice.此信用證由第一商業(yè)銀行保兌。該銀行將承兌貴方開給他們見票60天后付款的發(fā)票金額匯票。句型4:todraw(adraft)onsb.由某人開立匯票Youhaveauthoritytodrawa60-daydraftonyourbankagainstthiscreditfortheamountofyourinvoice.你方有權(quán)憑此信用證向我方銀行按你方發(fā)票金額開立見票后60天付款的匯票。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesYouareauthorizedtodrawonusata30-daydraftonourbankagainstthiscredit
fortheamountofyourinvoiceaftershipmentismade.現(xiàn)在授權(quán)你方憑此信用證在出運(yùn)貨物后向我方按你方發(fā)票金額開立見票后30天付款的匯票。句型5:tobeaccompaniedby爥附有……Yourdraftmustbeaccompaniedbythefollowingdocuments.你方匯票必須附有下列單據(jù)。4.改證(AmendmentofL/C)上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型1:tofinddiscrepancy發(fā)現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)WehavereceivedyourL/CNo.731,andoncheckinguptheclauses,wehavefoundthefollowingdiscrepanciesinit.我們已收到你方第731號(hào)信用證,經(jīng)核對(duì)條款發(fā)現(xiàn)有下列差錯(cuò)。句型2:tomakeamendment修改PleaseinstructyourbanktomakethenecessaryamendmentsoftheL/C.請(qǐng)告知你方銀行對(duì)信用證做必要的修改。.上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesAccordingtotheL/Cwereceived,thepaymentwastobemadeat60d/s.Butitshouldbemadeatsightasperthecontract.ThereforepleasemakeamendmentoftheL/Casstated根據(jù)我們所收到的信用證,是在見票后60天才付款,但是根據(jù)合同應(yīng)是見票即付。因此,請(qǐng)按說明修改信用證。句型3:toamend爥as將……改為PleaseamendtheL/Casallowingpartialshipments.請(qǐng)修改信用證允許分批裝運(yùn)。Wehaveamendedthequantityas150M/T.我們已將數(shù)量改為150公噸。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型4:toamend…(soas)toread將……改為PleaseamendtheamountoftheL/Ctoread“2%moreorless.”請(qǐng)將信用證的金額修改為“可增減2%”。PleaseamendtheL/Ctoallowtransshipmentandpartialshipment.請(qǐng)修改信用證,允許轉(zhuǎn)船和分批裝運(yùn)。PleaseamendL/CNo.779toread(reading)“Theextrafreightistobeforbuyers’account.”請(qǐng)將第779號(hào)信用證改為“額外運(yùn)費(fèi)由買方負(fù)擔(dān)”。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型5:toincrease(reduce)…to將……增加(減少)到……WehavefoundthattheamountofyourL/Cisinsufficient.Pleaseincreasetheunit
pricefrom$3to$3.5andtotalamountto$70,000.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)你方信用證金額不足。請(qǐng)將單價(jià)從3美元增加到3.5美元,將總金額增加到7萬美元。句型6:todelete(insert)刪去(加上)Pleasedeletetheclause“bydirectsteamed”andinsertthewords“Transshipment
andpartialshipmentsareallowed.”請(qǐng)刪去“由直達(dá)輪裝運(yùn)”條款,加上“準(zhǔn)許轉(zhuǎn)船和分批裝運(yùn)”。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences5.展證(ExtensionofL/C)句型1:toextend…to將……延長(zhǎng)至PleaseextendbyfaxtheshipmentdateandthevalidityofyourL/Cto15Mayand
1Junerespectively,thusenablingustoeffecttheshipmentofthegoods.請(qǐng)用傳真將信用證的裝運(yùn)期分別延長(zhǎng)至5月15日和6月1日,以便使我們能發(fā)運(yùn)貨物。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences句型2:toaskforextensionof…要求延長(zhǎng)……WearecablingyoutodayaskingforatwoweekextensionoftheL/CcoveringyourorderNo.371for300casesfrozenchicken.我們已于今天發(fā)電報(bào)給您,要求你方把訂購(gòu)300箱凍雞內(nèi)的371號(hào)訂單的信用證有效期延長(zhǎng)兩星期。句型3:tohavesth.extendeduntil...將……延至PleasehavetheL/CNo.419extendeduntil4Junesothatwemaymakeshipment
withoutfail.請(qǐng)將419號(hào)信用證有效期延至6月4日,以便裝運(yùn)順利進(jìn)行。上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentences6.其他(Others)句型1:forsb.’saccount由某人負(fù)擔(dān)(支付)Theexpensesthussustainedaretobeforbuyers’account.所引起的費(fèi)用由買方負(fù)擔(dān)。WeboughtthegoodsfortheaccountofMessrs.Peterson&Co.這貨物是我們代皮德遜公司購(gòu)買的。句型2:tocredit(debit)one’saccount記入某人的賬戶(借方)上一頁(yè)下一頁(yè)返回UsefulSentencesWehavecreditedyouraccountwithyourcommissionforthistransaction.我們已將此交易的傭金記入你方貸方。Wehavedebitedyouraccountwith£2000forextracosts.我們已記入你方借方賬戶2000英鎊,以支付額外費(fèi)用上一頁(yè)返回ExercisesⅠ.Fillintheblankswithprepositionsandt
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