湖南師大附中學(xué)年度高二第一學(xué)期第一次大練習(xí)英語時量：分鐘滿分：分得分第一部分聽力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15.B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1.HowwillMikegotoschoolthismorning?A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Bybike.2.Whatdothespeakersbothorder?A.Achickensandwich.B.Acupoficedtea.C.Ablack3.Whatcausedthescreenproblem?A.Coldtemperature.B.Asystemupdate.C.Looseconnections.4.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Heboughtaposter.B.HemetBobMarley.C.Helistenedtoasong.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.andstudent.B.Bossandemployee.C.Editorandwriter.第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的、、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。第1頁/共23頁聽第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.askforhelp.B.showherplan.C.sendaninvitation.7.Whatwillthemandoonweekends?A.Attendtheparty.B.Preparesomefriedchicken.C.Studyforthewholeweekend.聽第7段材料，回答第8至題。8.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthefilm?A.Itisinspiring.B.Itisaimedatchildren.C.Itisadaptedfromlifestories.9.Whataretheonlinereviewsgenerallylikeaboutthefilm?A.Positive.B.Critical.C.Mixed.10.Whathappenedtothefilm?A.Itwonmanyinternationalawards.B.Itwasconsideredthemostcompetitivefilm.C.Itwasselectedasthebestfilmofthisyear.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。Whatshouldpeopledoaboutcookingvegetables?A.Boilthemforafewminutes.B.Cookthemuntiltheychangecolour.C.Steamthemorstir－frythemwithalittleoil.12.Whatdoesthemansayaboutbutter?A.Itisunhealthy.B.Itisnutritious.C.Itishisfavourite.13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.acookingclass.B.toahealthexpert.第2頁/共23頁C.Offeringdietaryadvice.聽第9段材料，回答第至題。14.Whydoesthewomancometotheman?A.checkinthehotel.B.askforaflashlight.C.askaboutthepowerissue.15.Whocouldthemanprobablybe?A.Ahotelguest.B.Areceptionist.C.Apowerworker.16.Whendoesusuallyexperiencepoweroverloads?A.InDecember.B.InMarch.C.InMay.17.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.GotoseeaB.aquickshower.C.Drinksomehotwater.聽第段材料，回答第至題。18.Whichboardinggateshouldthepassengersheadtowards?A.Gate29.B.Gate22.C.Gate72.19.Whenisthefinalboardingcall?A.At10：15a．m.B.At10：30a．m.C.At10：45a．m.20.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheannouncement?A.informpassengersofadelay.B.directpassengerstothecorrectdeparturepoint.C.requirepassengerstodouble－checktheirdocuments.第二部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWhen:Sept.30,7:30p.m.Where:ShanghaiCultureSquareTheacrobaticplay,BattleofShanghai,isacollaborationbetweentheShanghaiAcrobaticandtheShanghaiCircusSchooltomarkthe76thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.第3頁/共23頁Theplayportrayshowsoldierssacrificedtheirlivestoprotectandliberatethecityin1949.Itfeaturesdiverseelementsofacrobatics,magic,danceandtraditionalChinesetheatretotellatouchingstory.—(奇才)When:Oct.12,7:30p.m.Where:BeijingPolyTheatreAlmaDeutscherhasnotyetbecomeahouseholdname,butitseemsonlyamatteroftime.AnaccomplishedpianistandviolinistintheUnitedKingdom,sheisalsoacomposer,havingwrittenconcertosforpianoandviolin,aswellasanopera.Deutscher,whohasbeencalled“anewMozart”,is20yearsold.When:Oct.17—20,7:30p.m.Where:NationalCentreforthePerformingArtsBeijingTheGinGamewasthefirstplayofplaywrightD.L.Coburnandrecognizedashismosthonoredwork.TheplaywonthePulitzerPrizeforDramain1978andlaterwasstagedinmanylanguagesandperformedallovertheworld.When：Oct.17—19,22—26,29—Nov.1,7:30p.m.;Oct.19,20,26and27,2:00p.m.Where:KeCentrefortheContemporaryArts,ShanghaiDaddyLongLegsisastagemusicalwrittenbyJohnCaird,withmusicandlyricsbyPaulGordon.Itisbasedonthe1912novelofthesamenamebyJeanSetinturn-of-the-centuryNewEngland,themusicaltellsthestoryoforphanJerushaAbbottoftheJohnGrierHomeandhermysteriouscontributorwhoagreestosendhertocollege.1.WherecanyouattendaconcertonOct.12,7:30p.m.?A.KeCentrefortheContemporaryArts,Shanghai.B.NationalCentreforthePerformingArts,Beijing.C.BeijingPolyTheatre.D.ShanghaiCultureSquare.2.WhichofthefollowingwonthePulitzerPrize?A.TheGinGame.B.DaddyLongLegs.第4頁/共23頁C.BattleofShanghai.D.Don’tCallMeMozart.3.Whencanyouenjoyastagemusical?A.At7:30p.m.,Oct.20.B.At2:00p.m.,Oct.19.C.At7:30p.m.,Oct.12.D.At7:30p.m.,Sept.30.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了幾場戲劇和音樂會演出信息，包括時間、地點及演出內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二項活動Don’tCallMeMozart—MusicProdigyAlmaDeutscherandHer下的“When:Oct.12,7:30p.m.Where:BeijingPolyTheatre(時間：10月12日晚7:30)”可知，10月12日晚7:30可在北京保利劇院參加這場音樂會。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三項活動TheGinGame下的“TheplaywonthePulitzerPrizeforDramain1978(這部劇作于1978年獲得普利策戲劇獎)A。【3題詳解】DaddyLongLegs下的“DaddyLongLegsisastagemusical部舞臺音樂劇)”及時間“WhenOct.17—19,22—26,29—Nov.1,7:30p.m.;Oct.19,20,26and27,2:00p.m.（時間：10月17日—19日、22日—26日、29日月1日晚7:30；10月19日、20日、26日、27日下午2:00)可知，10月19日下午2:00可欣賞這部舞臺音樂劇。故選B。BGoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMatttoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGoodMorningBritainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,loveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"sheexplains."Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves."第5頁/共23頁Theeight-partseries(系列節(jié)自),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.foodourbiggestweeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.Intonight’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.4.WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysembarrassingherguests.B.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.D.Shehashadalightbudgetforherfamily.5.HowdoesMatthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.6.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartB.BalancingOurDailyDietC.MakingyourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingforLess【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一檔英國電視節(jié)目，給觀眾介紹如何減少食物浪費(fèi)以及如何以較少的預(yù)算做出美味佳肴?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole可知，她開辟了一個新的節(jié)目。故選B?！?題詳解】InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMatttoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.可知，Susanna在廚師Matt￡5的一個家庭一整天的食譜。故選C。解題關(guān)鍵詞：同義詞表達(dá)withthehelpof和help?！?題詳解】第6頁/共23頁寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.可知，SaveMoney:GoodFood節(jié)目是SaveMoney:GoodHealth建議：如何從市場上眾多的健康產(chǎn)品中獲取價值。也就是給這個節(jié)目補(bǔ)充背景信息，故選C。【7題詳解】主旨要義題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容可知，文章作者一直在講如何用較少的錢做出好的食物。根據(jù)文章中的preparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.howtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.如何減少食物浪費(fèi)同時花費(fèi)低于￡5的一個家庭一整天的食譜；howcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.我們自己做這種食物有多便宜；lessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.不貴但仍然可口的食譜。故D項CookingforLess是最佳標(biāo)題。【點睛】本篇文章學(xué)生感到比較難的是26題，很多學(xué)生不知道作者在說什么，不明白作者的意圖，感到很SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV'sSaveMoney:GoodHealth,作者是為讀者介紹了SaveMoney這個節(jié)目是怎么來的，即是背景信息。CAcommunitycanteenattheZhanongkouCommunityinShangcheng,Hangzhourecentlylaunched“happinessblindboxes”,whichcostjust6yuanperbox.Salesstartat7p.m.eachevening.Thedishesarepackagedintransparent(透明的)containers,buttomaintainanelementofsurprise,stickersareplacedoverthelid(蓋子)ofthe“maindish”sectionofeachbox.The“blindboxes”havebecomepopularsincebeingintroduced,andonsomenightstheyselloutbyabout8p.m.AmealassistanceprogramintroducedinZhanongkousubdistrictensurestheelderlycanaccessmealswithina10-minutewalkoftheirhomesorhavethemdeliveredwithinfiveminutes.Theservicehasalsobeenwelcomedbyyoungerpeoplelivingandworkinginthearea.Xuyang,aprofessoratBeijingUnionUniversity’sCollege,predictsthatby2035,thosebornfromthe1970stothe2000swillcomprisethemaingroupofcustomersforsuchcanteens.“Thisgenerationhasareasonablelevelofdisposable(可自由支配的)income,andmanyofitsmembersmayalsolackthewillingnesstopreparemealsforthemselves,”said.Thesuccessfuloperationofcommunitycanteensdependsontheirabilitytointegrateintothedailylivesandcultureoflocalresidents.Inadditiontoservingdishestosuitlocaltastesandfosteringawelcomingenvironmentfordinersitisimportanttowidenthefunctionsofthesecanteens.Theyhavebeenusedforculturalactivitiesandotherevents,whichhelpsraiseawarenessandfosterapositiveperspectiveonthesecanteensamonglocal第7頁/共23頁communities.Inthelatterpartoflastyear,thecommunitycanteeninZiyangsubdistrict,Hangzhou,experiencedasignificanttransformationfrombeingacanteenforseniorstocateringforthewholecommunity.Itsserviceshavebeenbroadenedbeyondregularoperationstoincludeservicesforhospitalsandbusinesses,completewithhomedeliveryoptions.Someothercommunitycanteenshavealsomadetoappealtomoreresidents.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthe“happinessblindboxes”fromthepassage?A.Theyaresoldouteverynightbefore8p.m.B.Theyarebeautifullydecoratedwithstickers.C.Theyasenseofmysterywiththeunknownmaindishes.D.TheyareonlytotheresidentsintheZhanongkouCommunity.9.What’sXuyang’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthecommunitycanteen?A.Promising.B.Cautious.C.Unclear.D.Objective.10.Whatmightcontributemosttothesuccessofcommunitycanteens?A.Reasonableprices.B.Fastdeliveryservice.C.functions.D.Unexpectedsurprises.Whyisthecommunitycanteenmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.highlightthepopularityofcommunitycanteens.B.emphasizetheimportanceofcommunitycanteens.C.discussthewidefunctionsofcommunitycanteens.D.showtheinnovativereformofcommunitycanteens.【答案】8.C9.A10.CD【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了社區(qū)食堂的特色、前景和成功的關(guān)鍵等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Thedishesarepackagedintransparentcontainers,buttomaintainanelementofsurprise,stickersareplacedoverthelidofthe“maindish”sectionofeachbox.The“blindboxes”havebecomepopularsincebeingintroduced,andonsomenightstheyselloutbyabout8p.m.(這些菜肴被包裝在透明的容器歡迎，有些晚上8點左右就賣光了)C。【9題詳解】Xuyang,aprofessoratBeijingUnionUniversity’sCollege,predicts第8頁/共23頁thatby2035,thosebornfromthe1970stothe2000swillcomprisethemaingroupofcustomersforsuchcanteens.“Thisgenerationhasareasonablelevelofdisposableincome,andmanyofitsmembersmayalsolackthewillingnesstopreparemealsforthemselves,”said.(北京聯(lián)合大學(xué)旅游學(xué)院教授嚴(yán)旭陽預(yù)測，到2035年，70后到00)A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第五段“Thesuccessfuloperationofcommunitycanteensdependsontheirabilitytointegrateintothedailylivesandcultureoflocalresidents.Inadditiontoservingdishestosuitlocaltastesandfosteringawelcomingenvironmentfordiners,itisimportanttowidenthefunctionsofthesecanteens.Theyhavebeenusedforculturalactivitiesandotherevents,whichhelpsraiseawarenessandfosterapositiveperspectiveonthesecanteensamonglocalcommunities.(社區(qū)食堂的成功運(yùn)營取決于其融入當(dāng)?shù)鼐用袢粘Ｉ詈臀幕哪芰Α３颂峁┻m合當(dāng)?shù)乜谖兜牟穗群蜑槭晨蜖I造一個溫馨的環(huán)境外，擴(kuò)大這些食堂的功能也很重要。它們被用于文化活動和其他活動，這有助于提高當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)對這些食堂的認(rèn)識并培養(yǎng)積極的看法)”可知，各種功能最有助于社區(qū)食堂的成功。故選C?！绢}詳解】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Inthelatterpartoflastyear,thecommunitycanteeninZiyangsubdistrict,Hangzhou,experiencedasignificanttransformationfrombeingacanteenforseniorstocateringforthewholecommunity.Itsserviceshavebeenbroadenedbeyondregularoperationstoincludeservicesforhospitalsandbusinesses,completewithhomedeliveryoptions.Someothercommunitycanteenshavealsomadetoappealtomoreresidents.(去年下半年，杭州資陽街道衛(wèi)康社區(qū)食堂經(jīng)歷了從老年人食堂到全社區(qū)餐飲的重大轉(zhuǎn)變。它的服務(wù)范圍已擴(kuò)大到常規(guī)業(yè)務(wù)之外，包括為醫(yī)院和企業(yè)提供服務(wù)，并提供送貨上門服務(wù)。其他一些社區(qū)食堂也在努力吸引更多的居民)”可知，最后一段提到衛(wèi)康社區(qū)食堂展示了社區(qū)食堂的創(chuàng)新改革。故選D。DAn"artificialtree”hasbeenestablishedatthecampusofthecolePolytechniquefédéraledeLausanne(EPFL)inSwitzerland.theuntrainedeye,thedeviceappearstobeasatellitedish,butitrepresentsasignificantadvancementinaddressingoneofthemajorchallengesincleanenergy:storage."Thissystemgatherssolarenergyandturnsitdirectlyintohydrogen,”saidSophiaHaussener,headoftheLaboratoryofRenewableEnergyScienceandEngineeringatEPFL."Itoperatesindependentlyofthegrid(電網(wǎng)),reducingpressureonthegridandallowingdecentralizedenergyapplications.”Injustonehour,moreenergyreachesEarthassunlightthanhumansconsumeinayear,accordingtotheU.S.第9頁/共23頁DepartmentofEnergy.However,collectingandstoringthisenergyforlateruseremainsachallenge.storageoftendependsonlarge,heavybatteriesmadefromcostlymaterials.Incontrast,hydrogencanholdover150timesmoreenergythanastandardlithium－ionbatteryperkilogram,makinghydrogenvehicleslighter.Theartificialtree'sreactorworksbyfocusingsunlighttoproducehydrogen."Thedishconcentratessunlightbyabout900to1,000times,”Haussenerexplained.Thesystemturnsabout20percentofthesolarenergyintohydrogenandcanproducearound93kgofhydrogeneachyear.Initially,thesesystemswillmainlybeusedtocreategreenhydrogenforindustrialpurposes,buttheycouldalsoservehomes."Thissystemcouldproducehydrogenthatcanbeusedforcarsorcouldbestoredandturnedintoelectricitywhenneeded,”Haussenerexplained."Theheatproducedcanalsobeusedforheating.”AcompanycalledSoHHytecisalreadyworkingonthenextstagesoftheproject,enlargingthesysteminagarden－likesetup."Thisisthefirstlarge－scaledemonstrationofsolarhydrogenproduction,”Haussenersaid.believethisapproachcouldleadtoeconomicallycompetitiveproductionofgreenhydrogen.”12.Whichremainsabigchallengeincleanenergy?A.Howtogenerateit.B.Howtotransformit.C.Howtostoreit.D.Howtoapplyit.13.Howdoestheauthorhighlighttheadvantagesofhydrogeninparagraph3?A.Bypresentingdataoncleanenergyusage.BByexplaininghydrogen'sproductionprocess.C.Bymentioningthecostofhydrogenproduction.D.Bymakingacomparisonwithtraditionalmethods.14.Whatisthefunctionofthe4thparagraph?A.introduceatree.B.comparetwomethods.C.promoteaproduct.D.illustrateaworkingprinciple.15.WhatdoesHaussenerthinkofthebroaderuseofthesystem?A.Itisunsuitableforresidentialuse.B.Itrequiresfurtherresearchtobepractical.C.Itcouldenablecost－effectiveenergyproduction.D.Itplaysamoresignificantroleintheindustrialfield.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.C第10頁/共23頁【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹瑞士洛桑聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院校園內(nèi)的“人造樹”系統(tǒng)，其可收集太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為氫氣，助力解決清潔能源存儲難題及應(yīng)用前景。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“theuntrainedeye,thedeviceappearstobeasatellitedish,butitrepresentsasignificantadvancementinaddressingoneofthemajorchallengesincleanenergy:storage.(在外行看來，這個設(shè)備看似一個衛(wèi)星天線，但它實則是解決清潔能源領(lǐng)域一大核心難題——儲能問題的一項重大技術(shù)突破。)”可知，清潔能源領(lǐng)域仍存在的一大挑戰(zhàn)是如何存儲它。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,collectingandstoringthisenergyforlateruseremainsachallenge.storageoftendependsonlarge,heavybatteriesmadefromcostlymaterials.Incontrast,hydrogencanholdover150timesmoreenergythanastandardlithium－ionbatteryperkilogram,makinghydrogenvehicleslighter.(然而，收集并存儲這些能量以備后續(xù)使用仍是一項挑戰(zhàn)。傳統(tǒng)存儲方式通常依賴由昂貴材料制成的大型、沉重電池。相比之下，每公斤氫氣儲存的能量是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鋰離子電池的150倍以上，這使得氫能源汽車更輕便。)”可知，作者通過將氫氣存儲與傳統(tǒng)電池存儲進(jìn)行對比，突出氫氣的優(yōu)勢。故選D項?！?4題詳解】Theartificialtree’sreactorworksbyfocusingsunlighttoproducehydrogen.“Thedishconcentratessunlightbyabout900to1,000times,”Haussenerexplained.Thesystemturnsabout20percentofthesolarenergyintohydrogenandcanproducearound93kgofhydrogeneachyear.(“人造樹”的反應(yīng)堆通過聚900到100020%的太陽能轉(zhuǎn)化為氫氣，每年可生產(chǎn)約93公斤氫氣。)”可知，第四段主要闡述了“人造樹”系統(tǒng)的工作原理，即如何通過聚焦陽光產(chǎn)生氫氣及相關(guān)效率數(shù)據(jù)。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“believethisapproachcouldleadtoeconomicallycompetitiveproductionofgreenhydrogen.(我們相信，這種方法有望實現(xiàn)具有經(jīng)濟(jì)競爭力的綠色氫氣生產(chǎn)。)”可知，豪森納認(rèn)為該系統(tǒng)的廣泛應(yīng)用可能實現(xiàn)高成本效益的能源生產(chǎn)。故選C項。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)Foodisanessentialpartofourlives.allneedfoodtosurviveasitprovidesuswithenergyandnutrients第11頁/共23頁forhealthygrowthanddevelopment.Eatingawell-balanceddietcanalsohelpusstayfitandstrong.___16___Fruitsandvegetablesaregreatforprovidingvitamins,minerals,andfibertoourdiets.Grainssuchasrice,oats,andwheatprovidecarbohydrateswhichgiveusenergy.Protein-richfoodslikeeggs,beans,fish,andmeathelpwithgrowthandrepairoftissuesinthebody.___17___Eatingavarietyoffoodsisimportantinordertogetalltheessentialnutrientsthatourbodiesneed.TheDietaryGuidelinesforAmericansrecommendsfillinghalfyourplatewithfruitsandvegetables,one-fourthofyourplatewithgrains,andone-fourthwithleanproteinsourceslikefishorpoultry.Eatingadiverseselectionoffoodsalsoprovidesuswithdifferentflavorsandtextures.___18___Itisimportanttorememberthatfoodchoicesshouldbebasedonmoderationandvariety.___19___Eatinginmoderationandmakinghealthychoiceshelpsusstayhealthyandhappy.Makingsuretoeatabalanceddietandgetregularphysicalactivitywillhelpusstayfitandhealthy.___20___shouldmakesuretoeatavarietyofnutritiousfoodsinmoderationforoptimalhealth.Eatingwell-balancedmealscanhelpusfeelenergized,staystrong,andkeepourbodiesfunctioningproperly.A.Itcanmakeeatingmoreenjoyable.B.Thekeydriverforeatingisofcoursehunger.C.Inconclusion,foodisanessentialpartofourlives.D.Foodchoicefactorsalsovaryaccordingtolifestage.E.muchofanyonetypeoffoodcanleadtohealthproblems.F.Therearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsthatwecanchoosefrom.G.Dairyproductscontaincalcium(鈣)whichisneededforstrongbones.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章指出食物對生存和健康很重要，介紹蔬果、谷物等各類食物的營養(yǎng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)飲食需多樣、適度，最后總結(jié)應(yīng)適量吃多種營養(yǎng)食物以保健康?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Fruitsandvegetablesaregreatforprovidingvitamins,minerals,andfibertoourdiets.Grainssuchasrice,oats,andwheatprovidecarbohydrateswhichgiveusenergy.Protein-richfoodslikeeggs,beans,fish,andmeathelpwithgrowthandrepairoftissuesinthebody.(供維生素、礦物質(zhì)和纖維。像大米、燕麥和小麥這樣的谷物能提供碳水化合物，為我們提供能量。富含蛋白質(zhì)的食物，如雞蛋、豆類、魚和肉，有助于身體的生長和組織修復(fù)。)”可知，空格后列舉了水果、蔬菜、第12頁/共23頁F“我們F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fruitsandvegetablesaregreatforprovidingvitamins,minerals,andfibertoourdiets.Grainssuchasrice,oats,andwheatprovidecarbohydrateswhichgiveusenergy.Protein-richfoodslikeeggs,beans,fish,andmeathelpwithgrowthandrepairoftissuesinthebody.(供維生素、礦物質(zhì)和纖維。像大米、燕麥和小麥這樣的谷物能提供碳水化合物，為我們提供能量。富含蛋白質(zhì)的食物，如雞蛋、豆類、魚和肉，有助于身體的生長和組織修復(fù)。)”可知，空格前均在分類介紹不同食物（蔬果、谷物、高蛋白食物）的營養(yǎng)，屬于同類話題的延續(xù)。選項G“乳制品含有鈣，有助于骨骼強(qiáng)G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Eatingavarietyoffoodsisimportantinordertogetalltheessentialnutrientsthatourbodiesneed.TheDietaryGuidelinesforAmericansrecommendsfillinghalfyourplatewithfruitsandvegetables,one-fourthofyourplatewithgrains,andone-fourthwithleanproteinsourceslikefishorpoultry.Eatingadiverseselectionoffoodsalsoprovidesuswithdifferentflavorsandtextures.(飲食多樣化對于獲取人體所需的所有必需營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)至關(guān)重一用于選擇像魚或家禽這樣的低脂肪蛋白質(zhì)來源。多樣化的飲食還能為我們帶來不同的口味和口感。)”可知，空格前提到“食用多樣化的食物還能給我們帶來不同的風(fēng)味和口感”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“風(fēng)味和口感”的優(yōu)勢。選項A語義連貫，故選A。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Itisimportanttorememberthatfoodchoicesshouldbebasedonmoderationandvariety.(重要的是要記住，飲食選擇應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循適度和多樣化的原則。)”可知，前文強(qiáng)調(diào)選擇食物時需注意適度與多樣化。E項選E。【20題詳解】根據(jù)后文“shouldmakesuretoeatavarietyofnutritiousfoodsinmoderationforoptimalhealth.Eatingwell-balancedmealscanhelpusfeelenergized,staystrong,andkeepourbodiesfunctioningproperly.(我們應(yīng)當(dāng)確保適量食用多樣化的營養(yǎng)食物，以保持最佳健康狀態(tài)。均衡飲食能讓我們精力充沛、身體強(qiáng)健，并使我第13頁/共23頁們的身體正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。)”可知，空格位于文章末尾，且后文總結(jié)了“為最佳健康狀況，應(yīng)適度食用多種營養(yǎng)Cinconclusion頭“Foodisanessentialpartofourlives”，又引出后文對“健康飲食”的最終強(qiáng)調(diào)，符合結(jié)尾段落的功能，故選C。第三部分語言運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。FedExdriverLiamwasmakinghisroundsnearapondinMiami,Florida.Suddenly,hehearda(n)___21___sound,justlikeacryforhelp.About15feetfromthe___22___bankswasthesourceofthatcry—abrown-and-whitedog,___23___toholdathinlayerofice.Howshegottherenooneknew,butanelderlymanwasalreadyonthesceneandcametoher___24___.He’denteredthepondinarowboatandwasbreakingtheicewitharockto___25___apathtothedog.Itwas___26___going,andLiam,42,thoughthestoodabetter___27___．Liamslidtogo___28___therowboatandusedtheelderlyman’srocktohittheice___29___,onlytosliptheboat,fallinginto16feetoffreezingwater.He____30____intimetoseethedoggoingunder.Heswamaboutfivefeettowardher,____31____hercollar,andpulledhertotheice.Hethen____32____thedogintotheboatandsliditbacktotheshore,where____33____bystandersrushedthedogtothehomeoftherowboatowner,aretiredvet.Afewmoreminutesinthepond,thevettoldLiam,andthedogwouldhavelikely____34____cardiacarrest(心臟驟停).Thenextday,Liamwasbackworkingthesameneighbourhoodwhenthedog’sownercameovertothankhimforsavinghisdog,Sadie.SadieleaptonLiamandbathedhiminwetkisses.“Thatspecial____35____wasthehighlightofmyFedExcareer,”saidLiam.21.A.familiarB.sweetC.strangeD.uplifting22.A.unusualB.vastC.abandonedD.frozen23.A.strugglingB.hesitatingC.managingD.expecting24A.rescueB.attentionC.mindD.company25.A.spotB.createC.blockD.repair26.A.fastB.effectiveC.slowD.urgent27.A.impressionB.chanceC.predictionD.conclusion第14頁/共23頁28.A.aboardB.C.acrossD.around29.A.slightlyB.violentlyC.distantlyD.blindly30.A.rearrangedB.recoveredC.respondedD.resurfaced31.A.tookcontrolofB.caughtholdofC.tookchargeofD.caughtsightof32.A.sweptB.forcedC.persuadedD.pushed33.A.adorableB.innocentC.anxiousD.casual34.A.possessedB.preventedC.beatenD.suffered35.A.deliveryB.guaranteeC.reputationD.expansion【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.B30.D31.B32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述聯(lián)邦快遞司機(jī)利亞姆·威爾遜在送貨時，救下池塘冰面上掙扎的小狗，這次經(jīng)歷成為他職業(yè)生涯亮點的故事。【21題詳解】A.familiarB.sweet甜美的；C.strange奇怪的；D.uplifting令人振奮的。根據(jù)后文“justlikeacryforhelp”，這是一種類似求救的未知聲音，對利亞姆而言是“奇怪的”，其他選項不符合“未知求救聲”的語境。故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在結(jié)冰的岸邊大約15英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方，就是那叫聲的來源——一只棕白相間的狗，正努力抓著一層薄薄的冰面。A.unusual不尋常的；B.vast廣闊的；C.abandoned廢棄的；D.frozen結(jié)holdathinlayerofice”以及“andwasbreakingtheicewitharock明池塘表面是“結(jié)冰的”。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在結(jié)冰的岸邊大約15英尺遠(yuǎn)的地方，就是那叫聲的來源——一只棕白相間的狗，正努力抓著一層薄薄的冰面。A.strugglingB.hesitating猶豫；C.managing設(shè)法做到；D.expecting期待。根據(jù)語境和后文的“toholdathinlayerofice.”可知，狗在冰面上且發(fā)出求救聲，說明它在“努力”抓住冰面以防掉落，struggletodosth.意為“努力做某事”。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒人知道它是怎么到那兒的，但一位老人已經(jīng)在現(xiàn)場，準(zhǔn)備救它。A.rescue救援；B.attention注意力；C.mind想法；D.company陪伴。根據(jù)后文“He’denteredthepondinarowboatand第15頁/共23頁wasbreakingtheicecometoone’srescue意為“前來營救某人”。故選A項。【25題詳解】A.spotB.create創(chuàng)造，開辟；C.block阻礙；D.repair修理。根據(jù)前文的“wasbreakingtheicewitharock”可知，老人砸冰的目的是“開辟”出通往狗所在位置的路，以便救援。故選B項。【26題詳解】42A.fastB.effective有效的；C.slowD.urgent緊急的。根據(jù)后文“Liamslidtogo___8___therowboatandusedtheelderlyman’srocktohittheice故選C項?！?7題詳解】42歲的利亞姆認(rèn)為自己成功的機(jī)會更大。A.impression印象；B.chance機(jī)會；C.prediction預(yù)測；D.conclusion結(jié)論。根據(jù)后文的“Liamslidtogo___8___therowboatandusedtheelderlyman’srocktohittheice會”，standabetterchance意為“有更大的機(jī)會”。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查介詞/副詞詞義辨析。句意：利亞姆滑上劃艇，用老人的石頭用力砸冰，結(jié)果卻從船上滑了下來，掉進(jìn)了16英尺深的冰冷水中。A.aboard在（船、飛機(jī)等）上；B.離開；C.across穿過；D.around圍繞。根據(jù)常識和后文“usedtheelderlyman’srocktohittheice”可知，利亞姆要砸冰需先“登上”劃艇，goaboardA項。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：利亞姆滑上劃艇，用老人的石頭用力砸冰，結(jié)果卻從船上滑了下來，掉進(jìn)了16A.slightlyB.violentlyC.distantlyD.blindly文的“onlytosliptheboat,fallinginto16feetoffreezingwater.力地”砸冰，結(jié)果掉到了冰水中。故選B項。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他及時浮出水面，看到狗正在下沉。A.rearranged重新安排；B.recovered恢復(fù)；C.responded回應(yīng)；D.resurfaced重新浮出水面。根據(jù)前文的“onlytosliptheboat,fallinginto16feetoffreezingwater.”以及后文的“seethedoggoingunder.第16頁/共23頁出水面”。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他向狗游了大約五英尺，抓住它的項圈，把它拉到冰面上。A.tookcontrolof控B.caughtholdofC.tookchargeofD.caughtsightofpulledhertotheice”以及常識可知，要拉狗需先“抓住”它的項圈。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他把狗推到船上，再把船滑回岸邊，岸邊焦急的旁觀者立刻把狗送到了劃艇主人——一位退休獸醫(yī)的家里。A.sweptB.forcedC.persuadedD.pushed以及后文的“thedogintotheboatandsliditbacktotheshore上。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他把狗推到船上，再把船滑回岸邊，岸邊焦急的旁觀者立刻把狗送到了劃艇主人——一位退休獸醫(yī)的家里。A.adorable可愛的；B.innocent無辜的；C.anxious焦急的；D.casualbystandersrushedthedogtothehomeoftherowboatowner,aretiredvet.目睹狗遇險且剛被救下，應(yīng)是“焦急的”狀態(tài)，急于送狗去看獸醫(yī)。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：獸醫(yī)告訴利亞姆，要是再在池塘里多待幾分鐘，這只狗很可能就會心臟驟停。A.possessed擁有；B.prevented阻止；C.beaten打敗；D.sufferedcardiacarrest(心臟驟停).”可知，如果再在池塘里多待幾分鐘，這只狗很可能會“遭受”心臟驟停。故選D項?！?5題詳解】A.delivery送貨，投遞；B.guarantee保證；C.reputation名聲；D.expansion擴(kuò)張。根據(jù)前文的“FedExdriverLiamwasmakinghisroundsnearapondinMiami,Florida.”和語境可知，利亞姆是聯(lián)邦快遞司機(jī)，救狗發(fā)生在他“送貨”途