四六級試卷模擬題及答案大學(xué)英語四六級模擬試卷（四級）一、寫作（30分鐘）題目：Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceoftimemanagement.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.范文：Timemanagementisofgreatsignificanceinourlives.Inmodernsociety,weareoftenoverwhelmedwithamultitudeoftasksandresponsibilities.Withoutpropertimemanagement,wemayfindourselvesinaconstantstateofchaos,strugglingtomeetdeadlinesandachieveourgoals.Effectivetimemanagementhelpsustoincreaseourefficiency.Byallocatingspecifictimeslotsfordifferenttasks,wecanfocusbetterandcompletethemmorequickly.Forexample,settingasideacoupleofhourseachdaytostudycansignificantlyimproveouracademicperformance.Italsoallowsustobalanceworkandleisure.Wecanmaketimeforbothourprofessionalcommitmentsandthethingsweenjoy,suchashobbiesorspendingtimewithfamilyandfriends.Moreover,goodtimemanagementcanreducestress.Whenwehaveawell-organizedschedule,wearelesslikelytofeelanxiousaboutunfinishedtasks.Instead,wecanapproachourworkwithacalmandconfidentmindset.Inconclusion,learningtomanagetimeeffectivelyisanessentialskillthatcanleadtoamoresuccessfulandfulfillinglife.二、聽力理解（25分鐘）SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.NewsReport1Anewstudyhasfoundthatairpollutionmaycausebirthdefects.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,analyzeddatafromover130,000birthsintheSanFranciscoBayAreabetween1999and2009.Theyfoundthatmotherswhowereexposedtohighlevelsofairpollutionduringpregnancyweremorelikelytohavebabieswithbirthdefects,suchasheartproblemsandcleftpalates.Thestudyalsofoundthattheriskwashigherformotherswholivedinareaswithheavytrafficorindustrialpollution.Questions1-21.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A)Airpollutionmaycausebirthdefects.B)Airpollutionaffectschildren'sgrowth.C)Airpollutionleadstoheartdiseases.D)Airpollutionharmspregnantwomen'shealth.2.Whoaremorelikelytohavebabieswithbirthdefectsaccordingtothestudy?A)Mothersinruralareas.B)Mothersexposedtoheavyairpollutionduringpregnancy.C)Motherswithheartproblems.D)Motherslivingnearhospitals.Answers1.A.Thekeysentenceinthenewsis“Anewstudyhasfoundthatairpollutionmaycausebirthdefects.”,sotheanswerisA.2.B.Asstatedinthenews,“motherswhowereexposedtohighlevelsofairpollutionduringpregnancyweremorelikelytohavebabieswithbirthdefects”,sotheanswerisB.NewsReport2Thelocalgovernmentinasmalltownhasdecidedtobuildanewwaste-treatmentplant.Theplantwillbelocatedontheoutskirtsofthetown.Itisexpectedtocostaround$5millionandwillbeabletoprocessupto500tonsofwasteperday.Theprojectisaimedatreducingtheenvironmentalimpactofwastedisposalinthetown.Localresidentshavemixedreactionstotheplan.Someareconcernedaboutthepotentialsmellandnoisefromtheplant,whileothersbelieveitwillbringmorejobsandimprovethetown'soverallenvironmentalsituation.Questions3-43.Whatisthelocalgovernmentgoingtodo?A)Buildanewhospital.B)Buildanewwaste-treatmentplant.C)Buildanewshoppingmall.D)Buildanewschool.4.Howdolocalresidentsreacttotheplan?A)Theyallsupportit.B)Theyallopposeit.C)Theyhavemixedreactions.D)Theydon'tcareaboutit.Answers3.B.Thenewsclearlysays“Thelocalgovernmentinasmalltownhasdecidedtobuildanewwaste-treatmentplant.”,sotheanswerisB.4.C.Therelevantsentenceis“Localresidentshavemixedreactionstotheplan.”,sotheanswerisC.NewsReport3AgroupofscientistshasdiscoveredanewspeciesofdinosaurinSouthAmerica.Thedinosaur,named“Patagotitanmayorum”,isoneofthelargestdinosaurseverfound.Itisestimatedtohavebeenabout37meterslongandweighedaround70tons.ThefossilsofthedinosaurwerefoundinthePatagoniaregionofArgentina.Thediscoveryprovidesnewinsightsintotheevolutionandbehaviorofdinosaurs.Questions5-75.Whatdidthescientistsdiscover?A)Anewspeciesofbird.B)Anewspeciesofdinosaur.C)Anewtypeofplant.D)Anewtypeofmammal.6.Wherewerethefossilsofthedinosaurfound?A)InNorthAmerica.B)InEurope.C)InSouthAmerica.D)InAsia.7.Whatdoesthediscoveryprovide?A)Newmethodsforfossilresearch.B)Newinsightsintotheevolutionandbehaviorofdinosaurs.C)Newideasfordinosaur-themedmovies.D)Newwaystoprotectendangeredanimals.Answers5.B.Thenewsstates“AgroupofscientistshasdiscoveredanewspeciesofdinosaurinSouthAmerica.”,sotheanswerisB.6.C.Itismentionedthat“ThefossilsofthedinosaurwerefoundinthePatagoniaregionofArgentina”whichisinSouthAmerica,sotheanswerisC.7.B.Thelastsentenceofthenewssays“Thediscoveryprovidesnewinsightsintotheevolutionandbehaviorofdinosaurs.”,sotheanswerisB.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Conversation1M:Hi,Lisa.Iheardyou'regoingonatripthissummer.Whereareyougoing?W:I'mgoingtoAustralia.I'vealwayswantedtogothereandseetheGreatBarrierReef.M:Thatsoundsamazing!Howlongareyougoingtostay?W:I'mgoingtostayforaboutthreeweeks.I'vealreadybookedmyflightandahotelnearthebeach.M:Whatelsedoyouplantodothere?W:I'mgoingtogoscuba-divingintheGreatBarrierReef.I'malsogoingtovisitSydneyandMelbourne.IwanttoseetheSydneyOperaHouseandtheMelbourneCricketGround.M:That'sagreatitinerary.Haveyouthoughtaboutrentingacar?W:Yes,Ihave.Ithinkitwillbemoreconvenienttogetaround.IcanstopwhereverIwantandexploredifferentplaces.Questions8-118.WhereisLisagoingthissummer?A)Canada.B)Australia.C)NewZealand.D)SouthAfrica.9.HowlongisLisagoingtostayinAustralia?A)Oneweek.B)Twoweeks.C)Threeweeks.D)Fourweeks.10.WhatisLisagoingtodoinAustralia?A)Goskiing.B)Goscuba-diving.C)Gohiking.D)Goshopping.11.WhydoesLisawanttorentacar?A)Tosavemoney.B)Tomakeitmoreconvenienttogetaround.C)Toshowoff.D)Tomeetnewpeople.Answers8.B.Lisasays“I'mgoingtoAustralia.”,sotheanswerisB.9.C.Shementions“I'mgoingtostayforaboutthreeweeks.”,sotheanswerisC.10.B.Lisasays“I'mgoingtogoscuba-divingintheGreatBarrierReef.”,sotheanswerisB.11.B.Sheexplains“Ithinkitwillbemoreconvenienttogetaround.IcanstopwhereverIwantandexploredifferentplaces.”,sotheanswerisB.Conversation2W:Hi,Tom.I'mthinkingabouttakingapart-timejobthissemester.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?M:Well,thereareafewoptions.Youcouldworkinthelibrary.Theyusuallyneedsomeassistantstohelpwithshelvingbooksandcheckingoutmaterials.W:Thatsoundsokay,butI'mnotreallyinterestedinthatkindofwork.M:Anotheroptionistoworkinarestaurant.Youcanbeawaiterorawaitress.You'llgetsometipsanditcanbealotoffun.W:That'sapossibility.Howmuchdotheyusuallypay?M:Itdependsontherestaurant.Somepaybythehour,andsomealsogiveashareofthetips.Onaverage,youcanearnaround$10-$15perhour.W:Thatsoundsgood.I'llthinkaboutit.Arethereanyotherpart-timejobsavailableoncampus?M:Youcouldalsoapplytobeatutor.Ifyou'regoodataparticularsubject,youcanhelpotherstudentsandearnsomemoneyatthesametime.Questions12-1512.Whatisthewomanthinkingaboutdoingthissemester?A)Takingafull-timejob.B)Takingapart-timejob.C)Joiningaclub.D)Takinganextracourse.13.Whyisn'tthewomaninterestedinworkinginthelibrary?A)It'stooboring.B)Itpaystoolittle.C)It'stoofaraway.D)Shehasnoexperience.14.Howmuchcanthewomanearnperhourifsheworksinarestaurant?A)$5-$10.B)$10-$15.C)$15-$20.D)$20-$25.15.Whatotherpart-timejobdoesTomsuggest?A)Workinginabookstore.B)Workingasatourguide.C)Workingasatutor.D)Workinginacoffeeshop.Answers12.B.Thewomansays“I'mthinkingabouttakingapart-timejobthissemester.”,sotheanswerisB.13.A.Althoughnotexplicitlystated,herresponse“Thatsoundsokay,butI'mnotreallyinterestedinthatkindofwork”impliesthatshefindsitboring,sotheanswerisA.14.B.Tomsays“Onaverage,youcanearnaround$10-$15perhour.”,sotheanswerisB.15.C.Tomsuggests“Youcouldalsoapplytobeatutor.”,sotheanswerisC.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Laughterisapowerfultoolthatcanimproveourphysicalandmentalhealth.Whenwelaugh,ourbodyreleasesendorphins,whicharenaturalpainkillers.Thiscanhelptoreducestressandanxiety.Laughteralsostrengthensourimmunesystem.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewholaughregularlyarelesslikelytogetsick.Inaddition,laughtercanimproveoursocialrelationships.Whenwelaughwithothers,itcreatesasenseofconnectionandcloseness.Itcanalsohelptobreaktheiceinnewsocialsituations.Questions16-1816.Whatdoesourbodyreleasewhenwelaugh?A)Hormones.B)Endorphins.C)Enzymes.D)Antibodies.17.Howdoeslaughteraffectourimmunesystem?A)Itweakensit.B)Ithasnoeffect.C)Itstrengthensit.D)Itdestroysit.18.Whatcanlaughterdoinnewsocialsituations?A)Makepeoplefeelembarrassed.B)Breaktheice.C)Causeconflicts.D)Makepeoplefeellonely.Answers16.B.Thepassagestates“Whenwelaugh,ourbodyreleasesendorphins,whicharenaturalpainkillers.”,sotheanswerisB.17.C.Itismentionedthat“Laughteralsostrengthensourimmunesystem.”,sotheanswerisC.18.B.Thepassagesays“Itcanalsohelptobreaktheiceinnewsocialsituations.”,sotheanswerisB.Passage2ThehistoryofchocolatedatesbacktoancientMesoamerica.TheMayansandAztecswerethefirsttocultivatecocoabeansandusethemtomakeabitterdrink.Theybelievedthatchocolatehadmagicalandmedicinalproperties.WhentheSpanishconquistadorsarrivedintheAmericasinthe16thcentury,theybroughtchocolatebacktoEurope.Atfirst,chocolatewasonlyavailabletothewealthybecauseitwasveryexpensive.Overtime,theproductionmethodsimprovedandchocolatebecamemoreaccessibletothegeneralpublic.Today,chocolateisoneofthemostpopulartreatsintheworld.Questions19-2119.Whowerethefirsttocultivatecocoabeansandmakeachocolatedrink?A)TheSpanish.B)TheFrench.C)TheMayansandAztecs.D)TheBritish.20.WhywaschocolateonlyavailabletothewealthyatfirstinEurope?A)Itwasveryrare.B)Itwasveryexpensive.C)Itwasnotdelicious.D)Itwasconsideredunhealthy.21.Whathappenedtochocolateovertime?A)Itbecamelesspopular.B)Itbecamemoreexpensive.C)Itbecamemoreaccessibletothegeneralpublic.D)Itwasbannedinsomecountries.Answers19.C.Thepassagesays“TheMayansandAztecswerethefirsttocultivatecocoabeansandusethemtomakeabitterdrink.”,sotheanswerisC.20.B.Itisstatedthat“Atfirst,chocolatewasonlyavailabletothewealthybecauseitwasveryexpensive.”,sotheanswerisB.21.C.Thepassagementions“Overtime,theproductionmethodsimprovedandchocolatebecamemoreaccessibletothegeneralpublic.”,sotheanswerisC.Passage3Inmodernsociety,manypeopleareleadingsedentarylifestyles.Theyspendmostoftheirtimesittingatdesks,watchingTV,orusingelectronicdevices.Thislackofphysicalactivitycanleadtovarioushealthproblems,suchasobesity,heartdisease,anddiabetes.Tostayhealthy,itisrecommendedthatpeopleengageinatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicactivityperweek,suchasbriskwalking,cycling,orswimming.Inaddition,strength-trainingexercises,likeliftingweightsordoingpush-ups,shouldalsobeincludedinthefitnessroutine.Questions22-2522.Whatkindoflifestylesdomanypeopleleadinmodernsociety?A)Activelifestyles.B)Sedentarylifestyles.C)Outdoorlifestyles.D)Rurallifestyles.23.Whathealthproblemscanasedentarylifestylecause?A)Obesity,heartdisease,anddiabetes.B)Coldsandflu.C)Allergies.D)Headaches.24.Howmuchmoderate-intensityaerobicactivityisrecommendedperweek?A)30minutes.B)60minutes.C)90minutes.D)150minutes.25.Whatelseshouldbeincludedinthefitnessroutinebesidesaerobicactivity?A)Dancing.B)Strength-trainingexercises.C)Yoga.D)Pilates.Answers22.B.Thepassagebeginswith“Inmodernsociety,manypeopleareleadingsedentarylifestyles.”,sotheanswerisB.23.A.Itismentionedthat“Thislackofphysicalactivitycanleadtovarioushealthproblems,suchasobesity,heartdisease,anddiabetes.”,sotheanswerisA.24.D.Thepassagestates“itisrecommendedthatpeopleengageinatleast150minutesofmoderate-intensityaerobicactivityperweek”,sotheanswerisD.25.B.Thepassagesays“Inaddition,strength-trainingexercises,likeliftingweightsordoingpush-ups,shouldalsobeincludedinthefitnessroutine.”,sotheanswerisB.三、閱讀理解（40分鐘）SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Theriseofthesharingeconomyhaschangedthewayweliveandconsume.CompanieslikeAirbnbandUberhave26thetraditionalhospitalityandtransportationindustries.Thesharingeconomyallowspeopleto27theirunder-utilizedassets,suchasspareroomsorcars,withothersinexchangeformoney.Thisnotonlyprovidesanadditionalsourceofincomefortheownersbutalsooffersmore28andaffordableoptionsforconsumers.However,thesharingeconomyalsofacessomechallenges.Oneofthemain29isthelackofregulation.Sincetheseplatformsoperateinarelativelynewand30area,thereareoftennoclearrulesandguidelines.Thiscanleadtoissuessuchassafetyconcernsandunfaircompetition.Anotherchallengeisthe31oftrust.Consumersneedtotrustthattheprovidersarereliableandthattheservicestheyofferareofgoodquality.Despitethesechallenges,thesharingeconomyislikelytocontinuegrowing.Ithasthepotentialto32economicgrowthbycreatingnewjobsandincreasingefficiency.Italsopromotesamore33useofresources,asunder-utilizedassetsareputtobetteruse.Inthefuture,wemayseemore34inthesharingeconomy,withnewplatformsandservicesemergingtomeetthechangingneedsofconsumers.WordBankA)disruptedB)shareC)convenientD)challengesE)innovativeF)unregulatedG)issueH)shortageI)stimulateJ)sustainableK)advancedL)traditionalM)opportunitiesN)exchangeO)improvementsAnswers26.A.“disrupted”meanstointerruptorcausedisordertoasystemorprocess.Here,AirbnbandUberhaveinterruptedthetraditionalindustries,soAisthecorrectchoice.27.B.“share”fitsthecontextasthesharingeconomyisaboutpeoplesharingtheirunder-utilizedassets,soBiscorrect.28.C.“convenient”describestheoptionsforconsumers.Thesharingeconomyoffersmoreconvenientandaffordablechoices,soCistheanswer.29.D.“challenges”isappropriateasthepassagelaterlistsdifferentproblemsthesharingeconomyfaces,soDiscorrect.30.F.“unregulated”makessenseasitexplainsthatsinceit'sanewarea,therearenoclearrules,soFistherightword.31.H.“shortage”oftrustisacommonprobleminthesharingeconomy,soHiscorrect.32.I.“stimulate”economicgrowthisacommonphrase,meaningtoencourageorpromoteeconomicgrowth,soIistheanswer.33.J.“sustainable”useofresourcesisinlinewiththeideaofthesharingeconomymakingbetteruseofunder-utilizedassets,soJiscorrect.34.E.“innovative”impliesthattherewillbenewandcreativethingsinthesharingeconomyinthefuture,soEistherightchoice.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheFutureofWorkA)Thenatureofworkischangingrapidlyinthe21stcentury.Technologicaladvancements,globalization,anddemographicshiftsareallcontributingtothistransformation.Oneofthemostsignificantchangesistheriseofautomationandartificialintelligence(AI).Thesetechnologiesarereplacingmanyroutineandrepetitivejobs,suchasdataentryandassembly-linework.Atthesametime,theyarecreatingnewopportunitiesinareassuchassoftwaredevelopment,dataanalysis,andAIresearch.B)Anotherimportanttrendisthegrowthofthegigeconomy.Moreandmorepeoplearechoosingtoworkasfreelancers,contractors,orpart-timeworkers.Thisgivesthemmoreflexibilityandcontrolovertheirwork-lifebalance.However,italsocomeswithchallenges,suchasjobinsecurityandalackofbenefits.C)Thechangingnatureofworkalsohasimplicationsforeducationandtraining.Traditionaleducationalmodelsmaynolongerbesufficienttopreparestudentsforthejobsofthefuture.Thereisaneedformoreemphasisonskillssuchascriticalthinking,problem-solving,andcreativity.Theseskillsareessentialforadaptingtotherapidlychangingworkenvironment.D)Inaddition,theworkplaceitselfischanging.Withtheincreasinguseoftechnology,manyjobscannowbedoneremotely.Thisallowscompaniestoaccessaglobaltalentpoolandreducestheneedforphysicalofficespace.Remoteworkalsooffersemployeesmoreflexibility,butitcanalsoleadtofeelingsofisolationandalackofcollaboration.E)TheriseofautomationandAIalsoraisesethicalandsocialissues.Forexample,thereareconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandtheimpactonincomeinequality.Asmorejobsareautomated,someworkersmayfinditdifficulttotransitiontonewroles.Thiscouldleadtoawideninggapbetweentherichandthepoor.F)Toaddressthesechallenges,governments,businesses,andeducationalinstitutionsneedtoworktogether.Governmentscanplayaroleinprovidingsupportforworkerswhoaredisplacedbyautomation.Theycanalsoinvestineducationandtrainingprogramstohelppeopleacquiretheskillsneededfortheneweconomy.Businessescanadoptmoreflexibleworkarrangementsandinvestinemployeedevelopment.Educationalinstitutionscanupdatetheircurriculatofocusontheskillsofthefuture.G)Despitethechallenges,thefutureofworkalsooffersmanyopportunities.Thenewtechnologiesarecreatingnewindustriesandjobsthatwecouldn'tevenimagineafewdecadesago.Forexample,thedevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnologiesiscreatingjobsinthecleanenergysector.Thegrowthofe-commerceiscreatingjobsinlogisticsandcustomerservice.H)Inconclusion,thefutureofworkisbothexcitingandchallenging.Thechangesinthenatureofworkareinevitable,butwecantakestepstoensurethattheybenefiteveryone.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoreinclusiveandsustainablefutureofwork.Statements35.Thegigeconomyprovidesmoreflexibilitybutalsobringsjobinsecurityandalackofbenefits.36.Thechangingnatureofworkrequiresachangeineducationalmodelstofocusoncriticalthinkingandcreativity.37.AutomationandAIarereplacingroutinejobsandcreatingnewopportunitiesinhigh-techfields.38.Remoteworkallowscompaniestoaccessaglobaltalentpoolbutmaycauseisolationamongemployees.39.TheriseofautomationandAIraisesconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandincomeinequality.40.Governments,businesses,andeducationalinstitutionsshouldcollaboratetoaddressthechallengesofthechangingworknature.41.Thefutureofworkoffersopportunitiessuchasnewindustriesandjobsinrenewableenergyande-commerce.42.Thenatureofworkischangingduetotechnologicaladvancements,globalization,anddemographicshifts.43.Theworkplaceischangingwiththeincreasinguseoftechnology,enablingmanyjobstobedoneremotely.44.Byworkingtogether,wecancreateamoreinclusiveandsustainablefutureofwork.Answers35.B.ParagraphBmentionsthatthegigeconomygivesmoreflexibilitybutalsocomeswithchallengeslikejobinsecurityandlackofbenefits.36.C.ParagraphCstatesthattraditionaleducationalmodelsmaynotbeenoughandthereisaneedtofocusonskillslikecriticalthinkingandcreativity.37.A.ParagraphAsaysthatautomationandAIarereplacingroutinejobsandcreatingnewopportunitiesinhigh-techareas.38.D.ParagraphDexplainsthatremoteworkallowsaccesstoaglobaltalentpoolandmayleadtofeelingsofisolation.39.E.ParagraphEraisesconcernsaboutjobdisplacementandincomeinequalityduetoautomationandAI.40.F.ParagraphFemphasizesthatgovernments,businesses,andeducationalinstitutionsneedtoworktogethertoaddressthechallenges.41.G.ParagraphGliststheopportunitiesinthefutureofwork,includingnewindustriesinrenewableenergyande-commerce.42.A.ParagraphAstatesthattechnologicaladvancements,globalization,anddemographicshiftsarecausingthechangeinthenatureofwork.43.D.ParagraphDdescribeshowtheworkplaceischangingwithtechnologyenablingremotework.44.H.ParagraphHconcludesthatbyworkingtogether,wecancreateamoreinclusiveandsustainablefutureofwork.SectionCDirections:Therearetwopassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Passage1Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingtrendofurbangardening.Peopleincitiesareturningtheirbalconies,rooftops,andevensmallbackyardsintomini-gardens.Thereareseveralreasonsforthistrend.Firstly,urbangardeningallowspeopletogrowtheirownfreshandorganicproduce.Thisisespeciallyimportantincitieswhereaccesstofreshandhealthyfoodcanbelimited.Secondly,itprovidesawaytoconnectwithnatureinanurbanenvironment.Manypeoplelivingincitiesfeelstressedanddisconnectedfromthenaturalworld,andgardeningoffersachancetorelaxandunwind.Anotherbenefitofurbangardeningisthatitcanhelptoreducetheurbanheatislandeffect.Plantsabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen,whichhelpstoimproveairquality.Theyalsoprovideshadeandevaporativecooling,whichcanlowerthetemperatureinurbanareas.Inaddition,urbangardeningcanenhancetheaestheticappealofaneighborhood.Awell-maintainedgardencanmakeastreetorabuildingmoreattractive.However,urbangardeningalsofacessomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisthelackofspace.Incities,landisoftenscarce,andfindingasuitableplacetogardencanbedifficult.Anotherchallengeisthepresenceofpollutantsinthesoilandair.Urbansoilmaybecontaminatedwithheavymetalsandothertoxins,whichcanaffectthehealthoftheplantsandthepeoplewhoconsumetheproduce.Despitethesechallenges,urbangardeningislikelytocontinuegrowinginpopularity.Asmorepeoplebecomeawareofthebenefitsofgrowingtheirownfoodandconnectingwithnature,theywillbemorewillingtoovercometheobstacles.Questions45-4845.Whydopeopleincitiesengageinurbangardening?A)Tomakemoremoney.B)Togrowfreshandorganicproduceandconnectwithnature.C)Tocompetewithfarmers.D)Tolearnaboutbotany.46.Howcanurbangardeninghelptoreducetheurbanheatislandeffect?A)Byproducingmoreheat.B)Byreleasingcarbondioxide.C)Byabsorbingoxygen.D)Byprovidingshadeandevaporativecooling.47.Whatisoneofthemainchallengesofurbangardening?A)Lackofwater.B)Lackofsunlight.C)Lackofspace.D)Lackofseeds.48.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutthefutureofurbangardening?A)Itwilldeclineinpopularity.B)Itwillfacemorechallengesandeventuallydisappear.C)Itwillcontinuetogrowinpopularity.D)Itwillonlybepopularamongtheelderly.Answers45.B.Thepassagestatesthaturbangardeningallowspeopletogrowfreshandorganicproduceandprovidesawaytoconnectwithnature,soBiscorrect.46.D.Thepassagementionsthatplantsinurbangardensprovideshadeandevaporativecooling,whichcanlowerthetemperatureinurbanareas,soDistheanswer.47.C.Thepassageclearlysaysthatoneofthemainchallengesisthelackofspaceincities,soCiscorrect.48.C.Thelastparagraphindicatesthaturbangardeningislikelytocontinuegrowinginpopularityasmorepeopleareawareofitsbenefits,soCisthecorrectinference.Passage2Theconceptofa“smartcity”hasgainedalotofattentioninrecentyears.Asmartcityusestechnologytoimprovethequalityoflifeforitsresidents.Itintegratesvarioussystems,suchastransportation,energy,andwastemanagement,tomaket