牛頓英文考試題及答案

單項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.WhoisIsaacNewton?A.ApainterB.AscientistC.AmusicianD.Awriter2.Newton'sfirstlawofmotionisalsoknownasthelawof______.A.AccelerationB.Action-reactionC.InertiaD.Gravitation3.Newtonmadegreatcontributionstowhichfield?A.BiologyB.ChemistryC.PhysicsD.Geology4.TheunitofforceisnamedafterNewton,whichis______.A.JouleB.WattC.NewtonD.Pascal5.Newtondiscoveredthelawofuniversal______.A.MagnetismB.GravitationC.ElectricityD.Refraction6.Newton'swork"Philosophi?NaturalisPrincipiaMathematica"waspublishedin______.A.1687B.1704C.1727D.16667.Newtonisfamousforhisexperimentswith______.A.LightB.SoundC.HeatD.Cold8.WhichofthefollowingisnotrelatedtoNewton?A.CalculusB.BinomialtheoremC.LawofconservationofenergyD.Lawsofmotion9.Newtonwasbornin______.A.FranceB.GermanyC.EnglandD.Italy10.Newton'ssecondlawofmotioncanbeexpressedas______.A.F=maB.F=mvC.F=m/sD.F=mgh多項(xiàng)選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.Newton'smajorachievementsinclude______.A.DiscoveringthelawofuniversalgravitationB.EstablishingthethreelawsofmotionC.InventingthetelescopeD.Developingcalculus2.ThefollowingstatementsaboutNewtonarecorrect______.A.HewasamathematicianB.HewasaphysicistC.HewasatheologianD.Hewasaalchemist3.Newton'slawsofmotionare______.A.LawofinertiaB.LawofaccelerationC.Lawofaction-reactionD.Lawofconservationofmomentum4.Newton'sworkonlightincluded______.A.DiscoveringthatwhitelightiscomposedofmultiplecolorsB.InventingthereflectingtelescopeC.ProposingthewavetheoryoflightD.Conductingprismexperiments5.Newton'scontributionstomathematicsinvolve______.A.ThedevelopmentofcalculusB.ThebinomialtheoremC.ThestudyofconicsectionsD.Thetheoryofprobability6.Newton'sinfluenceonscienceisreflectedin______.A.LayingthefoundationforclassicalmechanicsB.PromotingthedevelopmentofastronomyC.InspiringlaterscientificresearchD.Changingpeople'sunderstandingofthephysicalworld7.Newton'sthirdlawofmotionimpliesthat______.A.Foreveryaction,thereisanequalandoppositereactionB.ForcesalwaysoccurinpairsC.TheactionandreactionforcesactonthesameobjectD.Theactionandreactionforcesactondifferentobjects8.Newton'sworkongravitation______.A.ExplainedthemotionofcelestialbodiesB.HelpedtocalculatetheorbitsofplanetsC.ProvedtheheliocentrictheoryD.Wasbasedonhisobservationsoftheapplefalling9.Newton'sinventionsanddiscoveries______.A.Weretheresultofhislong-termresearchB.HadaprofoundimpactonhumansocietyC.WereallrecognizedimmediatelyinhistimeD.Weremainlyinthefieldofphysics10.Newton'sscientificmethodsincluded______.A.ObservationB.ExperimentationC.MathematicalreasoningD.Speculation判斷題（每題2分，共20分）1.Newtonwasonlyaphysicistandhadnoachievementsinmathematics.()2.Newton'slawofuniversalgravitationstatesthateveryparticleattractseveryotherparticleintheuniverse.()3.Newton'sfirstlawofmotionsaysthatanobjectatrestwillstayatrestandanobjectinmotionwillstayinmotionwiththesamespeedandinthesamedirectionunlessacteduponbyanunbalancedforce.()4.Newtonproposedthewavetheoryoflight.()5.Newton'ssecondlawofmotionshowsthatforceisdirectlyproportionaltomassandacceleration.()6.Newtonwasborninthe18thcentury.()7.Newton'sthirdlawofmotionmeansthatactionandreactionforcescanceleachotherout.()8.Newton'sworkoncalculuswasdevelopedindependentlyofLeibniz.()9.Newton'sexperimentswithlightprovedthatwhitelightisasinglecolor.()10.Newton'slawsofmotionarestillwidelyusedinmodernengineeringandphysics.()簡(jiǎn)答題（每題5分，共20分）1.WhatareNewton'sthreelawsofmotion?2.BrieflyintroduceNewton'sdiscoveryofthelawofuniversalgravitation.3.HowdidNewtoncontributetothestudyoflight?4.WhatisthesignificanceofNewton's"Philosophi?NaturalisPrincipiaMathematica"?討論題（每題5分，共20分）1.DiscusshowNewton'slawsofmotionhaveinfluencedmoderntechnology.2.AnalyzetheroleofNewton'sscientificmethodsinhisachievements.3.DebatewhetherNewton'sworkoncalculuswasmoreimportantthanhisworkonphysics.4.Talkaboutthelong-termimpactofNewton'slawofuniversalgravitationonastronomy.答案單項(xiàng)選擇題1.B2.C3.C4.C5.B6.A7.A8.C9.C10.A多項(xiàng)選擇題1.ABD2.ABCD3.ABC4.ABD5.ABC6.ABCD7.ABD8.ABD9.ABD10.ABC判斷題1.×2.√3.√4.×5.√6.×7.×8.√9.×10.√簡(jiǎn)答題1.Firstlaw(lawofinertia):Anobjectstaysatrestorinmotionunlessaforceactsonit.Secondlaw:Forceequalsmasstimesacceleration(F=ma).Thirdlaw:Foreveryaction,thereisanequalandoppositereaction.2.Newtonnoticedanapplefallingandrealizedaforce(gravity)pulledit.Heextendedthisideatocelestialbodies,formulatingthelawthateveryparticleattractseveryotherwithaforcerelatedtotheirmassesanddistance.3.Heusedprismstoshowwhitelightconsistsofcolors.Inventedthereflectingtelescopeandstudiedlight'sproperties,layingabasisforoptics.4.Itestablishedclassicalmechanics,presentedlawsofmotionanduniversalgravitation,andsetamodelforscientificresearchwithmathematicalreasoning.討論題1.Newton'slawsareusedinvehicledesign,aerospaceengineering,