2026年英語(yǔ)閱讀理解練習(xí)：雅思考試閱讀材料考核題Title:TheImpactofUrbanGreenSpacesonPublicHealthandEnvironmentalSustainabilityinEuropeanCitiesSection1:MultipleChoice(5Questions×1MarkEach)Instructions:Choosethebestanswer(A,B,C,orD)foreachquestionbasedonthepassage.Passage:Urbangreenspaces(UGS),suchasparks,forests,andcommunitygardens,playacrucialroleinimprovingpublichealthandpromotingenvironmentalsustainabilityinEuropeancities.ResearchconductedbytheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency(EEA)indicatesthataccesstoUGScanreducestress,enhancementalwell-being,andlowertheriskofchronicdiseaseslikeobesityandheartconditions.Moreover,UGScontributetocarbonsequestration,airqualityimprovement,andbiodiversityconservation.However,thedistributionofUGSremainsunevenacrosscities,withhigher-incomeareasoftenhavingmoregreenareasthanlow-incomeneighborhoods.Thisdisparityhasledtocallsforequitableurbanplanningpoliciestoensureallresidentsbenefitfromgreeninfrastructure.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofurbangreenspacesaccordingtothepassage?A.Toincreasepropertyvaluesinurbanareas.B.Toproviderecreationalspacesforresidents.C.Toimprovepublichealthandenvironmentalsustainability.D.Toserveascommercialzonesforurbandevelopment.(Answer:C)2.AccordingtotheEEA,whichbenefitofUGSismentionedinthepassage?A.EconomicgrowthB.CarbonoffsettingC.HousingdevelopmentD.Transportationefficiency(Answer:B)3.WhatissueishighlightedregardingthedistributionofUGSinEuropeancities?A.Overutilizationinwealthyareas.B.Insufficientfundingformaintenance.C.Unequalaccessbetweenhigh-andlow-incomeneighborhoods.D.Highpollutionlevelsinurbanparks.(Answer:C)4.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestasasolutiontothedisparityinUGSdistribution?A.Encouragingprivateinvestmentingreenspaces.B.Implementingequitableurbanplanningpolicies.C.ReducingthenumberofUGStosavecosts.D.Focusingonlarge-scaleparksonly.(Answer:B)5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanenvironmentalbenefitofUGS?A.CarbonsequestrationB.AirqualityimprovementC.NoisepollutionreductionD.Habitatdestruction(Answer:D)Section2:True/False/NotGiven(5Questions×1MarkEach)Instructions:ReadeachstatementanddetermineifitisTrue(T),False(F),orNotGiven(NG)basedonthepassage.Passage:TheintegrationofgreenspacesintourbanplanninghasbecomeapriorityforEuropeancitiesduetotheirmultifacetedbenefits.StudiesshowthatlivingnearUGScanreducetheriskofrespiratorydiseasesbyupto30%duetoimprovedairquality.Additionally,UGSprovidenaturalcoolingeffects,mitigatingtheurbanheatislandeffect.However,thecreationofnewgreenspacesoftenfacesoppositionfromdeveloperswhoprioritizecommercialprojects.Toaddressthis,somecitieshaveadoptedcommunity-basedinitiatives,wherelocalresidentsareinvolvedinplanningandmaintaininggreenareas.Theseinitiativeshavebeensuccessfulinfosteringsocialcohesionandenvironmentalawareness.Questions:1.ThepassagestatesthatlivingnearUGScanreducerespiratorydiseases.T/F/NG(Answer:T)2.Developersaregenerallysupportiveofurbangreenspaceprojects.T/F/NG(Answer:F)3.Community-basedinitiativesarementionedasasolutiontooppositionagainstUGS.T/F/NG(Answer:T)4.Theurbanheatislandeffectisdirectlylinkedtoairpollutioninthepassage.T/F/NG(Answer:NG)5.ThepassagehighlightstheroleofUGSinimprovingsocialcohesion.T/F/NG(Answer:T)Section3:MatchingHeadings(3Questions×2MarksEach)Instructions:Matcheachheading(A-F)tothecorrespondingparagraph(1-3).Eachheadingcanbeusedonlyonce.Headings:A.EconomicBenefitsofUrbanGreenSpacesB.ChallengesinCreatingGreenSpacesC.HealthBenefitsofLivingNearUGSD.RoleofCommunityInitiativesE.EnvironmentalImpactofUGSF.PolicyRecommendationsforUrbanPlanningParagraphs:1.Urbangreenspacescontributetoeconomicgrowthbyattractingtourismandincreasingpropertyvalues.However,thehighcostsofmaintenanceandlandacquisitionoftencreatefinancialchallengesforcities.2.Proximitytoparksandgreenareashasbeenlinkedtolowerobesityrates,bettermentalhealth,andreducedstresslevels,asdocumentedbynumeroushealthstudies.3.Citiesthatprioritizegreeninfrastructureoftenseeimprovedairquality,reducedenergyconsumption,andenhancedbiodiversity,demonstratingtheenvironmentalbenefitsofUGS.Questions:1.Paragraph1matcheswithheading______.(Answer:A)2.Paragraph2matcheswithheading______.(Answer:C)3.Paragraph3matcheswithheading______.(Answer:E)Section4:SummaryCompletion(4Questions×2MarksEach)Instructions:CompletethesummarybelowusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachblank.Passage:Urbangreenspaces(UGS)areessentialforbothpublichealthandenvironmentalsustainabilityinEuropeancities.TheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency(EEA)reportsthataccesstoUGScanreducestressandimprovementalwell-being.Additionally,UGShelpmitigateclimatechangebysequesteringcarbonandimprovingairquality.However,disparitiesinUGSdistributionhaveledtocallsforequitablepolicies.Community-basedinitiativeshaveemergedasasolution,fosteringsocialcohesionandenvironmentalawareness.Summary:Urbangreenspaces(UGS)inEuropeancitiescontributeto______,______,and______.Communityinitiativeshelpaddressunequalaccessbyinvolving______.(Answer:publichealth,environmentalsustainability,carbonsequestration;localresidents)Section5:FlowchartCompletion(3Questions×2MarksEach)Instructions:CompletetheflowchartbelowusingNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachblank.Passage:Toenhanceurbangreenspaces,citiesfacechallengessuchaslandscarcityandfundingconstraints.Oneapproachistoinvolveprivateinvestors,butthismayleadtocommercialization.Alternatively,community-ledprojectscanbemoresustainable,asresidentsfeelasenseofownership.Theseprojectsalsoraiseenvironmentalawarenessamongthepublic.Flowchart:1.→Limitedfunding→______→Commercialization2.→Communityinvolvement→______→Ownership3.→Environmentalawareness→______→Sustainability(Answer:Public-privatepartnerships;Strongcommunityengagement;Increasedparticipation)AnswerKeyandExplanations:Section1:MultipleChoice1.CExplanation:ThepassagestatesthatUGSimprovepublichealthandenvironmentalsustainability.2.BExplanation:Carbonsequestrationismentionedasanenvironmentalbenefit.3.CExplanation:Disparitybetweenhigh-andlow-incomeareasishighlighted.4.BExplanation:Equitableurbanplanningpoliciesaresuggestedtosolvetheissue.5.DExplanation:Habitatdestructionisnotlistedasabenefit.Section2:True/False/NotGiven1.TExplanation:Thepassagementionsa30%reductioninrespiratorydiseases.2.FExplanation:Developersopposenewgreenspacesduetocommercialpriorities.3.TExplanation:Communityinitiativesaredescribedasasolutiontoopposition.4.NGExplanation:Thepassagedoesnotlinkurb