熱點05跨學科融合閱讀(物理+生物+化學+語文)1介紹滑梯背后的科學原理，關聯(lián)牛頓定律、摩擦力、重力23討論真實潛艇如何通過控制浮力來下潛和上浮，關聯(lián)浮力4英語+生物光合作用5英語+化學6英語+語文賞析了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》7英語+語文slidedown.Butdidyouknowthatthereissciencagainsteachother,theycausefriction(摩擦力).alsosaysmovingthingskaboutgravity.SlidesworA.BygivingafactC.BytellingastoryA.stopB.flyoffC.moveD.changedirecti4.WhatwouldhappenifyoudonotuseyourfeetattheA.Youwouldstaystill.C.Youwouldaddextrafiction.D.Youwouldsl5.WhatisthebestA.FunwithaslideC.Newton'sfirstlawD.Secre【答案】1【答案】1.D2.C3.B4.D5.B【導語】本文是科普說明文介紹滑梯背后的科學原理，關聯(lián)牛頓定律等，向讀者普及物理原理在日常設施中的體現(xiàn)。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Butdidyouknowthatthereissciencebehindthissimpleplaygroundequipment(設備)?”可知，用問問題的方式開啟文章。故選D。2.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章“Thingsstaystill(靜止)unlesssomethingmakesthem”可知，物體靜止除非有東西3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Whentwothingsrub(摩擦)againsteach下滑時減速是因為摩擦力，圖B有“friction”標識。故選B。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“So,ifyoudonotuseyourfeet,you'llflyofftheslide.”可知，不用腳會無法控制滑動。故選D。合。故選B。重難詞匯：slide/slaId/n.滑梯；滑動v.滑動equipment/I'kwIpm?nt/n.設備，器材gravity/'gr?ev?ti/n.重力uncontrollably/,^nk?n'tr?ul?bli/adv.無法控制地still/stI1/adj.靜止的翻譯：物體保持靜止，除非有外力使它運動。分析：這是一個含有“unless”引導的條件狀語從句的復合句，結構清晰。“stay”是系動詞，“still”是形容詞作表語。翻譯：如果沒有摩擦力，你會滑得越來越快，直到滑梯底部。分析：本句使用“without”引導條件狀語，主句是“youwillslide...”?！癴asterandfaster”是比較級的疊用，表示翻譯：牛頓第一定律也指出，運動的物體會保持運動，除非有外力使它停止。分析：主語是“Newton'sfirstlaw”,謂語動詞是“says”,后面是省略“that”的賓語從句，其中“movingthings”是主語，“keepmoving”是謂語，接著是“unless”引導的條件狀語從句。Province,isoneofthelargestandmostamazingengineeringprobeautifulmountainsofXilingGorge,showingthewisdomandhardworkoftheChineTheYangtzeRiver,China'slongestriver,omillionsofpeople.Tosolvethisprworkersusedmodernmachinesandtechnologytomakethisdreamcometrue.Theymovedmountains,changedtheriver'spath(路徑)tobuildthedam,whichisabout2.3kilometerslongand185metershigh—astallasa60-storybuilding!Thedam'spowerstationsproducecleanelectricityformipollution.Itsconnectedvesselsystem(連通器系統(tǒng))helpsshipspass.Shipsenteralock(水閘),andgatesclose.TheThreeGorgesDamisnotjustadam—it'sasymbolofChina'saroundtheworldcometoseethofteamworkbehindit.Thedamteachesusthatwithdetermination(決心),humanscanovercomeeventhemostdifficultchallengesofnat①Controllingfloods②③Creatingnewtouristpl2.Whatphysicsprinciple(原理)allowsshipstopassthroughthedam'sgates3.Whichistherightstru4.What'sthewriter'smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tolistthedam'sbenefitstosociety.B.TodescribC.ToexplainwhyChinesepeoplebuiltthedam.D.TopraiseChinesepeop【答案】1【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.D【導語】本文介紹了三峽大壩，包括其地理位置、建設背景、功能及象征意義。andfarmlands.Thedam'spowerstationsproducecleanelereduceairpollution.Itsconnectedvesselsystem(連通器系統(tǒng))helpsshipspass.”可知，三峽大壩可防洪、發(fā)電以及改善船運條件。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Itsconnectedvesselsystem(連通器系統(tǒng))helpsshipspass.Shipsenteralock(水閘),andsame,gatesopen,andtheshipmovestothenextlock.”可知，連通器系統(tǒng)助力船舶通行——船只進入水閘后，閘門關閉，閘室內水位上升或下降至與下一河段齊平，待水位一致時，閘門開啟，船只即可駛入下一閘室。連通器原理和圖C所示相符。故選C。3.篇章結構題。通讀全文可知，第一段是引入大壩介紹，第二至四段屬于主體，介紹了建設背景、過程和功能作用，最后一段總結升華，呈“總和功能作用，最后一段總結升華，呈“總—分—總”結構，與選項C的圖示相符。故選C?？芍?，三峽大壩象征中國人民的勇氣與創(chuàng)造力，結合全文，作者的寫作意圖在于贊揚中國人民的智慧與創(chuàng)造力。故選D。重難詞匯：engineering/,end?I'nI?rI?/n.工程，工程學creativity/,kri:eI'tIv?ti/n.創(chuàng)造力，創(chuàng)造性determination/dI,t3:mI'neI?n/n.決心，果斷長難句精析：1.TheYangtzeRiver,China'slongestriver,oftencaofpeople.翻譯：長江——中國最長的河流——在過去經(jīng)常引發(fā)嚴重洪水，給數(shù)百萬人帶來災難。對主語進行補充說明。謂語是“caused”,賓語是“floods”。現(xiàn)在分詞短語“bringingdisasters...”作結果狀語，表示洪水造成的結果。2Thousandsofworkersusedmodernmachines翻譯：成千上萬的工人使用現(xiàn)代化機械與技術，使這個夢想成為現(xiàn)實。make...”作目的狀語，說明工人使用機械與技術的目的。3.Thedamteachesusthatwithdetermination,humanscanovercomeeventhemostdiffi翻譯：這座大壩告訴我們，只要有決心，人類就能克服即使是最艱巨的自然挑戰(zhàn)。分析：主語是“Thedam”,謂語是“teaches”,后面是“us”作間接賓語，以及“that”引導的賓語從句作直接賓語。“that”從句中，"withdetermination”是狀語，主句是“humanscanovercome...”。03英語+物理03英語+物理?"It'saboutbuoyancy(浮力)!Theycontrolwaterandairintanks.Let'sbuildabottlemodeltotestit!"Plasticbottle;Tape(膠帶);Fourcoins;Thinrubberorplastic(溶解)inwater;Smallscissors;Tub(盆).bottle.Removecap;seal(密封)thetubetothebottlewithclay.3.Gentlyblowintothetu復復Whenyoublow,airpushesoutwater;thebottleCoinskeepholespointiA.Makingamodelsubmarine.B.HowrC.Theimportanceofwaterproofclay.D.Collectingplasticbottles.2.WhyarethecoinstapedtothA.Todecoratethemodel.B.Tokeepholespointingdownward.C.Topreventtheclayfromdissolving.D.Tomaketh3.Ifyoublowintothetube,whathappens?A.Thebottlewillfillwithwater.B.Thebottlewillbeempty.C.Thebottlewillsink.4.Whatisthecorrector5.Marymadeamodelsubmarine,butitcan'tfloat.WhatmightA.Shecutholesontheoppositesideofthebottle.B.ShetapedcoinstotheC.Sheblewtoomuchairintothebottle.D.Sheusedw【答案】1【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.A5.A【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了Liam和Mia討論真實潛艇如何通過控制浮力來下潛和上浮，并通過制作一個瓶子模型來測試這一原理。(浮力)!Theycontrolwaterandairintanks.”可知，他們主要討論的是真實潛艇如何通過控制浮力來下潛和上浮。故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Coinskeepholespointingdownward”可知，硬幣被粘在瓶子上是為了讓孔朝下。故選3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenyoublow,airpushesoutwater;thebottlebecomeslighterandcomesup.”可知，當你向管子里吹氣時，空氣將水排出，瓶子變輕并上浮。故選D。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Cuttwosmallholesononesideofthebottle.Tapecoinstothatsideofthebottle.Removecap;seal(密封)thetubetothebottlewithclay.”和“Filltubwi及“Gentlyblowintothetubeandwatchwhathappens.Stopblowinyourthumbandwatchwhathappens.”可知，正確順序是：切兩個小孔，用膠帶粘硬幣→用粘土密封管子→把瓶子放進水里→往管子里吹氣。故選A。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Coinskeepholespointingdownward,soairdoesnotescape.”可推知，如果孔不在正確的位置，空氣會逸出，導致瓶子無法上浮。故選A。submarine/'s?bm?ri:n/n.潛水艇waterproof/'wo:topru:f/adj.防水的dissolve/dI'zDlv/v.溶解seal/si:I/v.密封escape/I'skeIp/v.逸出，逃脫長難句精析：翻譯：下面介紹如何制作一個模型潛水艇，它能像真潛水艇一樣潛入水中并浮出水面。分析：本句主干是“Here'showtomakeamodelsubmarine”,后面是that引導的定語從句，修飾“submarine”,說明其功能。2.Whenyoublow,airpushesoutwa04英語+生物04英語+生物aroundtofindfood.Instead,theyForphotosynthesistohappen,plantsneedthreeimportsunlight.Whenthesethreethingscometogether,somethingwonderfulhappens(葡萄糖)whichistheplant'sfooplantsaresoimportant——theycleantheairbDifferentplantshaveadaptedthavethickbodiestostorewater.Theykeepthedophotosynthesis.Thishelpsthemsurviveindryconsideoftheirleavestotake'inair.ThisspecialdesignhelpsthemliveweThankstophotosynthesis,plantsnotonlyfeedthemselvesbutalsoA.ThereisnothingD.Therearetwoimportantproductsofphotosynthesis.3.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraA.Stuckto.B.Lookedafter.4.HowdoesthewriterorganizeParagraphC.Bylistingnumbers.D.5.WhatisthebesttitlefoA.WhyAnimalsNeedPlantsB.TheSecretLifeofDesertPlantsC.TheConditionsofPhotosynthesis【答案】1【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A5.D【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要講述了植物通過光合作用制造食物和氧氣的過程，以及不同植物適應環(huán)境的特殊方式。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Forphotosynthesistohappen,plantsneedthreeimportantthings—sunlight,waterandCO?.”可知，光合作用需要陽光、水和二氧化碳，即①②④。故選B。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Firsttheymakeglucose..Second,theyproduceO?….”可知，此處介紹了光合作用的兩大產(chǎn)物是葡萄糖和氧氣。D選項“光合作用有兩個重要產(chǎn)物”最符合上下文邏輯。故選D。3.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Differentplantshaveadaptedtotheenvironmentintheirspecialwaysto4.推理判斷題。文章第三段通過沙漠植物和水百合的例子說明植物如何適應環(huán)境(如“Desertplantsusuallyhavethickbodies...”和“Anotherexampleiswaterlilies..."”),屬于舉例說明。故選A。5.最佳標題題。全文圍繞植物通過光合作用制造食物和氧氣展開，D選項“植物如何讓生命成為可能”最全面概括主旨。故選D。glucose/'glu:k?us/n.葡萄糖stomata/'st?um?t?/n.氣孔(stoma的復數(shù))survive/s'vaIv/v.生存長難句精析：翻譯：葉綠素負責捕捉陽光。翻譯：這就是植物如此重要的原因——它們通過從空氣中吸收二氧化碳并釋放氧氣來凈化空氣。分析：本句為主從復合句。why引導的表語從句說明主語“This”的內容。破折號后是一個同位語從句，對主句進一步解釋說明。其中“bytakingin...andgivingoff...”是方式狀語，說明“cleantheair”的方式。翻譯：它們在炎熱的白天關閉氣孔，只在夜間打開氣孔進行光合作用。分析：本句是簡單句。主語是“They”,謂語是并列結構“keep.….andopen.….”。短語“keeptheirstomataclosed”是“keep+賓語+賓補”結構，意為“使氣孔保持關閉”。不定式短語“todophotosynthesis”作目的狀語。05英語+化學05英語+化學whattobe—partofahuma◆Dishsoap(洗潔精)◆Isopropylalcohol(酒精)※Putahalfspoonofsaltintoaglasshalffullofwater.Inaboutaminuteyoushouldseetinywhite,thread-likeofthealcohol1.WhichisthemostimportantwhendoingtheexpeA.Aclearcup.B.2.Whatisthecorrectorderof“s2③④⑤A.①⑤②③④B.①②③⑤④C.①②④⑤③3.InwhichpartofthemagazinecA.Art.B.Health.C.Science.【【答案】1.D2.A3.C【導語】本文主要介紹了一個關于DNA的實驗，包括實驗所需材料和實驗步驟等。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Themostimportant!Askadultstohelpdealwithalcohol!!”可知，做實驗時，最重要的是成人幫忙處理酒精。故選D。2.細節(jié)理解題。根“Whattodo..Putahalfspoonofsaltintoaglasshalffullofwater...Inaboutaminuteyoushouldseetinywhite,thread-like(線形的)thingsformingonthetopofthealcohol.”中提到的步驟可知，實驗步驟為：在水中加入鹽；接著，嘴里含一口鹽水一分鐘，不要吞咽；然后吐到玻璃杯里；接著，輕輕地往鹽水混合物里加一滴洗潔精；隨后加入酒精；最后，大約一分鐘后，在酒精的頂部會形成微小的白色線狀物。3.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講了一個科學小實驗，屬于科普內容。故應出現(xiàn)在雜志的科學版塊。故選C。重難詞匯：mixture/'mIkst??(r)/n.混合物swallow/'swolu/v.吞咽thread-like/'θredlaIk/adj.線狀的長難句精析：翻譯：DNA是每個細胞內部的一個特殊部分。它告訴細胞要成為什么——成為人類、動物或植物的一部分。分析：這是兩個簡單句。第一句為主系表結構，說明DNA是什么。第二句包含一個賓語從句“whattobe...”,解釋DNA的功能。破折號引出同位語，對“whattobe”進行具體說明。翻譯：接下來，請一位成年人沿著杯壁慢慢滴入幾滴異丙醇，使酒精能停留在咸的肥皂水的上層。分析：本句是一個包含目的狀語從句的復合句。主句是祈使句“askanadulttopour...”?！皊othat”引導目的狀語從句，說明緩慢沿杯壁倒入酒精的目的——形成分層。翻譯：大約一分鐘后，你應該會看到一些微小的、線狀的白色物質在酒精層頂部形成。分析：本句是簡單句。主干為“youshouldseethingsforming”,其中“forming.…”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作賓語補足語。“tinywhite,thread-like”是并列的形容詞，修飾“things”。06英語+語文06英語+語文 Dawn(黎明)seessaturated(濕透的)reds;Thetown'sheavywithblooms(開花).waslivingandfarminginChengdu.Hisfarmingexperiencetaughthimword,“good”,showsthepoet'shappinerighttimetocome.Herethepoetusespersonification(擬人)②Whentheraincomes,itappearsduringthenightwhenpeoplearelikesummerstormswiththunderandlightning.Instead,theraindronehearsthem.Bymorning,therainisalreadygone.Itandhelpsplantsgrow.Peopleonlynoticethewetground,shinyleaves,andthenicesmell③Inthethirdcouplet,thepoet④Lastly,thepoetstartstoimagine.Tomorrowmorninghethinks,thecityofChengduwillbecomebeautifulwhenalloftheflowersblooma1.WhydoesDuFuusepersonification2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsalsousespersonification?A.Inboatalanternlooms.C.Itwillfallwhencomesspring.3.WhichwordcandescribetherainintheA.Busy.B.Dark.C.QuietD.Quick.A.He'sthankfultonaturC.Heexpectstheflowerstobloom.D【答案】1【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.A本文是一篇詩歌賞析類文章，主要賞析了杜甫的《春夜喜雨》,介紹了這首詩的創(chuàng)作背景，并逐句分析詩歌內容，展現(xiàn)了春雨的默默奉獻以及詩人對自然的感恩之情。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Herethepoetusespersonification(擬人),asiftherainweresmartenoughtocomeintimeforthefarmer'sbusyseason.”可知，杜甫用擬人的手法描述春雨，是為了表明春雨很聰明，能在農民忙碌的季節(jié)及時到來。故選D。2.推理判斷題。A選項“Inboatalanternlooms.”只是描述船上燈籠突然出現(xiàn)的情景，未使用擬人；B選項fallwhencomesspring.”只是陳述春雨在春天到來時會落下這一事實，未使用擬人；D選項“Thetown'sheavywithblooms.”只是描述城鎮(zhèn)繁花盛開的景象，未使用擬人。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Itdoesn’tmakeloudnoiseslikesummerstormswiththunderandlightningInstead,theraindropsfallgentlyonroofsandwindows,butnoonehearsthem.”可知，春雨不像夏天的暴風雨那樣伴隨著雷電發(fā)出巨大的聲響，而是靜靜地落下，沒有人能聽到，所以用“Quiet”(安靜的)來形容春雨很合適。故選C?！甮ood’,showsthepoet'shappinessandloveforthespringrain.”以及全文對春雨的描述可知，杜甫在這首詩中想要表達的是他對自然的感恩之情。故選A。重難詞匯：couplet/'k?pl?t/n.對句，對聯(lián)personification/p?,spnIfr'keI?n/n.擬人(修辭手法)loom/lu:m/v.(尤指朦朧或隱約地)出現(xiàn)saturated/'s?t??reItId/adj.濕透的；飽和的thunder/'θ?nd?(r)/n.雷聲1.Theveryfirstwor翻譯：詩篇第一個字“好”,就表達了詩人對春雨的喜悅與喜愛。后接賓語“thepoet'shappinessandloveforthespringra2.Therainisgoodbecauseit"knows"therigh分析：這是一個復合句。“because”引導原因狀語從句，說明雨“好”的原因。從句中使用引號強調擬人手法，謂語“knows”賦予雨以人的智慧。3.Springraindoesitsjobsecretly,翻譯：春雨默默地完成它的工作，從不求關注。分析：本句是簡單句，主干是“Springraindoesitsjob”。“secretly”是副詞作狀語，修飾“does”?！皀everaskingforattention”是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語，生動補充了春雨不張揚的特質。importanttraditionalholidayinChina.Ithasahistoryof2,000years.Duringthese2,000years,lotsofMid-AutumntraditionshavebeenthoughtupbyChinesepeexcitementofpeople.ThemaincelebrationsduringtheMid-AutumnFestivalareadmiringthemootogetherandmakingChineseMid-AutumnFegeneration(代)togeneration.TheChinesemaythinktheMid-AutumnFestivalisnotcomingiftheydon'tdoTheMid-AutumnFestivalis,therefore,aceancientstories.ThereisafamouslegendconnecIntheliterary(文學)historyofChina,manypoets(詩人)pennedpraisetothepuremoonofMid-Autumnnightandgavewordstotheirdelicatefeelings.Thefollowingisoneofthebestofthosepoems(詩).Beforemybed,apooloflight.Canitbehoar-frostontLiBaiusedhiswordstoexpresshishomesicknessonafullmoA.Thevalueofpeople.B.Thedifferencesofpeople.C.Thehomesicknessofpeople.D.Thehappinessandexcitementofpeople.2.HowmanymainkindsofcelebrationsarementA.Bypraisingthemoon.B.Bypraisingthesu