初中英語動詞時態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)動詞時態(tài)是英語語法的核心支柱之一，也是初中階段英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。它賦予了句子精確的時間概念，使得我們能夠清晰地表達(dá)過去、現(xiàn)在與將來的動作或狀態(tài)。掌握好時態(tài)，不僅能讓你的口語表達(dá)更流利自然，更能讓你的書面寫作準(zhǔn)確生動。本文將帶你梳理初中階段核心的幾種動詞時態(tài)，并通過專項(xiàng)練習(xí)幫助你鞏固提升，真正做到學(xué)以致用。一、核心時態(tài)梳理與回顧在進(jìn)入練習(xí)之前，讓我們先快速回顧一下初中階段必須掌握的幾種基本時態(tài)及其主要用法和構(gòu)成，這將為你的練習(xí)打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。1.一般現(xiàn)在時(SimplePresentTense)*基本構(gòu)成：*主語+動詞原形(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時，動詞詞尾加-s或-es)。*否定式/疑問式需借助助動詞do/does。*時間標(biāo)志詞：often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday/week/month/year,never,seldom等。*例句：Shereadsbookseveryevening.Thesunrisesintheeast.2.一般過去時(SimplePastTense)*核心概念：表示過去某個特定時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，動作已完成。*基本構(gòu)成：主語+動詞的過去式。*否定式/疑問式：需借助助動詞did。*時間標(biāo)志詞：yesterday,lastweek/month/year,...ago,in2020,justnow,then等。*例句：Iwenttotheparkyesterday.Hedidn'tfinishhishomeworklastnight.3.一般將來時(SimpleFutureTense)*核心概念：表示將來某個時間將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，或計(jì)劃、打算做某事。*基本構(gòu)成：*will/shall+動詞原形(shall多用于第一人稱I/we)。*begoingto+動詞原形(表示計(jì)劃、打算或有跡象表明即將發(fā)生)。*時間標(biāo)志詞：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,soon,inthefuture,in+一段時間等。*例句：TheywillvisitthemuseumnextSunday.Itisgoingtorain(lookatthedarkclouds).4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(PresentContinuousTense)*核心概念：表示此時此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作，或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行但說話時不一定正在進(jìn)行的動作。*基本構(gòu)成：主語+am/is/are+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)。*時間標(biāo)志詞：now,atthemoment,Look!,Listen!等。*例句：Listen!Someoneissinginginthenextroom.IamstudyingFrenchthesedays.5.過去進(jìn)行時(PastContinuousTense)*核心概念：表示過去某個特定時間點(diǎn)或時間段正在進(jìn)行的動作。常與一般過去時連用，描述一個背景動作被另一個短動作打斷。*基本構(gòu)成：主語+was/were+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing)。*時間標(biāo)志詞：at8o'clocklastnight,thistimeyesterday,when+一般過去時句子等。*例句：IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang.Theywereplayingbasketballfrom3to5pmyesterday.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(PresentPerfectTense)*核心概念：表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；或從過去某一時間開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。*基本構(gòu)成：主語+have/has+動詞的過去分詞(V-ed)。*時間標(biāo)志詞：already,yet,just,ever,never,since+過去時間點(diǎn),for+時間段,recently,sofar等。*例句：Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(對現(xiàn)在的影響：現(xiàn)在沒事可做了)Wehavelivedhereforfiveyears.(持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))二、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題第一部分：基礎(chǔ)填空(用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)1.Myfatherusually_______(read)newspapersafterdinner.2.They_______(play)footballontheplaygroundyesterdayafternoon.3.Look!Thechildren_______(fly)kiteshappilyinthepark.4.We_______(visit)ourgrandparentsnextweekend.5.She_______(notdo)herhomeworkyet.Sheisstillworkingonit.6.WhileTom_______(watch)TV,hisbrother_______(listen)tomusiclastnight.7.Theearth_______(go)aroundthesun.8.He_______(study)Englishforthreeyears.9.I_______(see)himinthelibraryanhourago.10.BythetimeIgothome,mymother_______(cook)dinner.(提示：過去完成時，初中階段可作為拓展了解)第二部分：單項(xiàng)選擇1.Heoften_______toschoolbybike,buttodayhe_______bybus.A.go,goB.goes,wentC.went,goesD.goes,goes2.—_______you_______thefilmbefore?—Yes,I_______itlastmonth.A.Have,seen,sawB.Did,see,sawC.Have,seen,haveseenD.Did,see,haveseen3.Listen!Who_______inthenextroom?A.singB.singsC.issingingD.sang4.I_______myhomeworkat8o'clocklastnight.A.doB.didC.wasdoingD.amdoing5.We_______apicnicifit_______finetomorrow.A.willhave,isB.have,willbeC.willhave,willbeD.have,is6.She_______heresince2018.A.livesB.livedC.haslivedD.willlive7.Mybrother_______toShanghaitwice.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.goes8.WhenIarrivedatthestation,thetrain_______already_______.A.has,leftB.had,leftC.left,hadD.was,leaving9.He_______inthisschoolfortenyearsbytheendofnextmonth.A.willworkB.worksC.hasworkedD.willhaveworked(提示：將來完成時，拓展了解)10.Mymother_______dinnerwhenI_______homeyesterday.A.cooked,gotB.wascooking,gotC.cooked,wasgettingD.wascooking,wasgetting第三部分：用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文LastSunday,myfamilyandI_______(decide)togoforapicnic.Theweather_______(be)perfect–sunnyandwarm.We_______(prepare)somesandwiches,fruits,anddrinksthenightbefore.Inthemorning,we_______(get)upearly.Myfather_______(drive)thecar,andwesoon_______(arrive)atabeautifullake.WhilemymotherandI_______(put)downtheblanket,myfatherandbrother_______(start)tosetupthetent.Afterlunch,we_______(go)forawalkaroundthelake.I_______(take)manyphotosofthelovelyflowersandtheclearwater.Suddenly,I_______(see)asmallbird.It_______(hurt)itswingandcouldn'tfly.We_______(take)ithomeand_______(look)afteritcarefully.Byevening,thebird_______(seem)better.We_______(feel)veryhappytohelpit.Althoughwe_______(be)alittletired,it_______(be)awonderfulday.I_______(neverforget)thisexperience.第四部分：句型轉(zhuǎn)換(按要求改寫句子)1.Tomusuallywalkstoschool.(改為一般疑問句)_______Tomusually_______toschool?2.Theyplayedbasketballyesterday.(改為否定句)They______________basketballyesterday.3.Sheisreadingastorybooknow.(對劃線部分提問)_______isshe_______now?4.Wehavelivedherefortenyears.(對劃線部分提問)______________haveyoulivedhere?5.Hewillfinishtheworkintwohours.(改為否定句)He______________theworkintwohours.三、參考答案與解析第一部分：基礎(chǔ)填空1.reads(usually提示一般現(xiàn)在時，主語第三人稱單數(shù))2.played(yesterdayafternoon提示一般過去時)3.areflying(Look!提示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)4.willvisit/aregoingtovisit(nextweekend提示一般將來時)5.hasn'tdone(yet提示現(xiàn)在完成時，否定式)6.waswatching,waslistening(while連接兩個過去同時進(jìn)行的動作，過去進(jìn)行時)7.goes(客觀真理，一般現(xiàn)在時)8.hasstudied(forthreeyears提示現(xiàn)在完成時)9.saw(anhourago提示一般過去時)10.hadcooked(bythetime+過去時，提示主句用過去完成時，表示“過去的過去”)第二部分：單項(xiàng)選擇1.B(第一空often提示一般現(xiàn)在時，第二空today但動作已發(fā)生，用一般過去時)2.A(第一句ever/before提示現(xiàn)在完成時，第二句lastmonth提示一般過去時)3.C(Listen!提示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時)4.C(at8o'clocklastnight提示過去進(jìn)行時)5.A(if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，“主將從現(xiàn)”)6.C(since2018提示現(xiàn)在完成時)7.B(hasbeento表示“去過某地已回”，hasgoneto表示“去了某地未回”)8.B(bythetime+過去時，主句用過去完成時)9.D(bytheendofnextmonth提示將來完成時，初中階段了解即可)10.B(when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，短動作一般過去時，長動作用過去進(jìn)行時)第三部分：用括號內(nèi)所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文LastSunday,myfamilyandIdecided(一般過去時，lastSunday提示)togoforapicnic.Theweatherwas(一般過去時)perfect–sunnyandwarm.Wehadprepared(過去完成時，“過去的過去”，前夜準(zhǔn)備的)somesandwiches,fruits,anddrinksthenightbefore.(此處用prepared也可接受，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作；用hadprepared更精確)Inthemorning,wegot(一般過去時)upearly.Myfatherdrove(一般過去時)thecar,andwesoonarrived(一般過去時)atabeautifullake.WhilemymotherandIwereputting(過去進(jìn)行時，while引導(dǎo))downtheblanket,myfatherandbrotherwerestarting(過去進(jìn)行時，并列的過去進(jìn)行時)tosetupthetent.Afterlunch,wewent(一般過去時)forawalkaroundthelake.Itook(一般過去時)manyphotosofthelovelyflowersandtheclearwater.Suddenly,Isaw(一般過去時)asmallbird.Ithadhurt(過去完成時，小鳥受傷發(fā)生在“看見”之前，即“過去的過去”)itswingandcouldn'tfly.(此處用hurt也可，強(qiáng)調(diào)當(dāng)時的狀態(tài))Wetook(一般過去時)ithomeandlooked(一般過去時)afteritcarefully.Byevening,thebirdseemed(一般過去時)better.Wefelt(一般過去時)veryhappytohel