1、.,1,Beijing Opera,.,2,Part 1: The origin of Beijing opera Part 2: The profession and artistic form Part 3: facial makeup and costumes Part 4: Famous characters and comparison Part 5: conclusion,contents,.,3,The origin of Beijing opera,.,4,Ancient Chinese Opera originated in Qing and Han Dynasty, whi

2、ch came from traditional songs and dances, such as the Nuo play(儺戲) and Communitys Fire(社火).,.,5,Drama formed matured in Yuan Dynasty and Yuan Zaju is a sign of maturity of Chinese classical drama. Dou E Yuan, by Guan Han Qing, is one of the representatives of Yuan Zaju.,.,6,.,7,In 1790s,four well-k

3、nown opera groups from Anhui province headed to Beijing to celebrate 80th birthday of the Qianlong Emperor and then Anhui Opera(徽劇) integrated(整合) with Shanxi Opera(秦腔) and Kunqu Opera(昆劇),They are named Sanqing(三慶班) Sixi(四喜班) Hechun(和春班) and Chuntai(春臺班),.,8,In 1828, some opera groups from Hubei pr

4、ovince arrived in Beijing and then the Erhuang(二黃) Tone merged with Xipi(西皮) Tone of Hubei forming a new type of music called Pihuang(皮黃),The groups from Anhui province and Hubei province always acted in the same stage . Gradually, a new opera with Beijing dialect (方言)pronunciation was born.,The pro

5、fession of Beijing opera,.,10,Male Role (Sheng)生,生,旦,凈,丑,Female Role (Dan)旦,Painted Face Male (Jing)凈,Comedy Actor or Clown （小丑） (Chou)丑,Main Roles in Beijing Opera,.,11,Sheng,Male roles: middle-aged or old men(老生) (2) young men(小生) (3) men with martial (軍事的；戰(zhàn)爭的） skills(武生),.,12,Sheng in chinese may

6、 means “strange” or “rare”, but the most taboo in acting is “sheng”. The reason by that name of sheng is to asked actors sophistication(成熟老練，老于世故). So the chief male role is a well known character,.,13,The laosheng is dignified(莊嚴(yán)地；高貴的） older role .These characters have a gentle and cultivated（有教養(yǎng)的）

7、 disposition（性情） and wear sensible（明智的） costumes,Lao sheng,.,14,Xiao sheng,Young male characters are known as xiaosheng. These characters sing in a high, shrill(尖銳的） voice with occasional breaks to represent the voice changing period of adolescence（青春期）,.,15,Wu sheng,The wusheng is a martial charact

8、er for roles involving combat(戰(zhàn)斗）. They are highly trained in acrobatics（雜技）, and have a natural voice when singing,.,16,Dan,female roles: (1) a woman with a strict moral code（道德準(zhǔn)則）(青衣) (2) Young girl(花旦) (3) an elderly woman（大齡女人）(老旦),.,17,The Dan refers to any female role in Beijing Opera. Old wom

9、en were played by laodan. Martial women were wudan. young female warriors were daomadan. virtuous (貞潔的) and elite women were qingyi,and vivacious (活潑的)and unmarried women were huadan,.,18,Wudan,.,19,Laodan,.,20,Daomadan,.,21,Huadan,.,22,Qingyi,.,23,Dan, which means “morning” or “masculine”(陽性的），is c

10、ontrary to the feminine (陰性的）nature of the characters. Women belong to feminine. So the opposite meanings is “Dan”,.,24,Jing,painted face: categories(派別) of leading (正凈) (2) assisting(副凈) (3) military jing(武凈),.,25,It is characterized by singing(唱),.,26,It is characterized by acting(做),.,27,It featu

11、res acrobatics(雜技) and stunts(打),.,28,Chou,Clown(丑角): （1）gentle comedian(文丑) （2）military comedian(武丑) （3）female comedian(女丑),.,29,Chou has the meaning ugly. This reflects the traditional belief that the clowns combination of ugliness and laughter could drive away evil spirits.,.,30,Wen Chou, civilia

12、n roles such as merchants（商人） and jailers.,.,31,Wu Chou, minor military roles. The Wu Chou is one of the most demanding in Peking opera because of its combination of comic acting, acrobatics and a strong voice.,.,32,The artistic form of Beijing opera,.,33,Beijing Opera is a comprehensive performing

13、arts. That are sing, read , do and fight.,.,34,Sing and Read make up the song, one of the two elements for the performing arts Do and Fight make up another big factor dance,.,35,The Sing,singing is good at using vocal skills to express the characters personality, emotional and mental state,.,36,The

14、Read,“read” means NianBai, cooperate with sing and complement each other, also the important art means of characters thoughts and feelings,.,37,The Fight,“Fight” general divided into “Handle work and “Blanket work“ and it also refers to some hard skills,.,38,“Do” generally refers to the form of danc

15、e movements and is one of the main sign of drama.,The Do,.,39,facial makeup,.,40,Facial makeup (臉譜)originates from masks of sacrifice（祭祀）. The facial makeup can Suggested character, introduce characteristic and distinguish(區(qū)分) between good evil beauty and ugliness .,.,41,red denotes uprightness(正直)

16、and loyalty(忠誠),.,42,White represents evil or crafty characters.,.,43,black is given to characters of soundness and integrity(正直).,.,44,Yellow represents ferocious(兇惡) or sinister characters.,.,45,Blue and Green represent neutral character especially for outlaws of the marshes,.,46,Gold and silver(銀

17、色) are given to character of mystery especially for ghosts and gods.,.,47,Costume of Beijing opera,.,48,COSTUME:,1、The first clothing 2、The second clothing 3、The third clothing,.,49,The first clothing Classify: Python(大蟒) Improve python Flag of python Officer dress Improve officer dress Learn petty

18、officer dress The judge clothes crane cloak and Cape ,.,50,Python,Improve python,.,51,Officer dress,Improve officer dress,.,52,The judge clothes,crane cloak and Cape,.,53,The magistrate(地方官) may wear an officer dress when there is performance of local officials The emperor, officials performance gen

19、tlemen are commonly used in clothing leisure time: Cape, open cloak and pleats,.,54,For female court officials, mainly clothing, such as the queen wife: female python, female officer dress temple, etc. To shape womens wife, miss, maids, and poverty of women garment has: female Cape, skirts, pants, j

20、acket ,etc.,.,55,.,56,The second clothing,Depend Improve depend Arrow clothes Jacket Hold clothing Green tunic Tea garment sleeve,.,57,Depend,Improve depend,.,58,Arrow clothes,Jacket,.,59,Hold clothing,Green tunic,.,60,Tea garment sleeve,.,61,Commonly known two kinds. film class hard class,The third

21、 clothing,.,62,Water jacket: The work clothes provided by the actor, and without prejudice(偏見) to the protection of the coat and the two of the clothes in the performance (from the weather, or excessive sweating).,film class,.,63,Fat coat: Main portray(描繪) different characters have a healthy soul bo

22、dy, which is similar to the function of shoulder pads.,.,64,Colored trousers: Colored trousers can roughly be divided into three kinds of names, namely red colored trousers, black color pants, variegated(雜色的) color pants .,.,65,Collar: Because of the clothing style, two clothes are mostly T-shirts i

23、n order to make the characters of the perfect shape, in the show not dew neck. Therefore in front of the dress actors to take on a neck collar.,.,66,Socks: (cloth socks) It is two kinds of style, the waist high socks, designed for blessing shoe, wear the soap shoes character wears, second waist shor

24、t socks, designed for Dan wear colored shoes use.,.,67,Thick bottom: the bottom thickness is based on actor height or actors performing level, North Korea: it is special made for Wen Chou, about one inch thick. Character: the old shoe civilian common layer shoe, short side bottom thickness of an inc

25、h.,hard class,.,68,Climb cloud shoe: male immortal characters commonly used, short side bottom thickness is two inch, two inch five. Soap shoes: For the slave Thin bottom: male martial arts actor of universal.,.,69,Colored shoes: it is a common use for women. Color thin bottom: thin bottom is a fema

26、le martial arts actor of universal.,.,70,The famous characters of Peking opera,.,71,Mei Lanfang (October 22, 1894 August 8, 1961) was one of the most famous Peking opera artists in modern history, exclusively(專門地) known for his Qingyi roles.,.,72,Mei was born in Beijing in 1894 into a family of Peki

27、ng opera and Kunqu performers of Taizhou, Jiangsu ancestry. He made his stage debut in 1904 when he was 10 years old.,.,73,Mei played an important part in the performance tradition of Kunqu, noted particularly for his interpretations of Du Liniang and Bi Szhn and Beauty Yu.,.,74,Wang Peiyu was born in Suzhou at March 4, 1978, she is a famous female laosheng. In 1992, she was admitted to the Shanghai Opera School,.,75,Representative works : 失空斬搜孤救孤捉放曹文昭關(guān)擊鼓罵曹,.,76,The comparison between east and west about opera,.,77,West part,Opera sta