1、TPO1-34綜合寫作TPO 111. 閱讀部分12. 聽力部分33. 范文賞析4TPO 261. 閱讀部分62. 聽力部分93. 范文賞析11TPO 3131. 閱讀部分132. 聽力部分153. 范文賞析16TPO4181. 閱讀部分182. 聽力部分203. 范文賞析21TPO5231. 閱讀部分232. 聽力部分233. 范文賞析23TPO6241. 閱讀部分242. 聽力部分243. 范文賞析24TPO7251. 閱讀部分252. 聽力部分253. 范文賞析25TPO8261. 閱讀部分262. 聽力部分263. 范文賞析26TPO9271. 閱讀部分272. 聽力部分273. 范文

2、賞析27TPO10281. 閱讀部分282. 聽力部分283. 范文賞析28TPO11291. 閱讀部分292. 聽力部分293. 范文賞析29TPO12301. 閱讀部分302. 聽力部分313. 范文賞析33TPO13341. 閱讀部分342. 聽力部分353. 范文賞析37TPO14381. 閱讀部分382. 聽力部分393. 范文賞析40TPO15421. 閱讀部分422. 聽力部分423. 范文賞析42TPO16431. 閱讀部分432. 聽力部分433. 范文賞析43TPO17441. 閱讀部分442. 聽力部分443. 范文賞析44TPO18451. 閱讀部分452. 聽力部分4

3、53. 范文賞析45TPO19461. 閱讀部分462. 聽力部分463. 范文賞析46TPO20471. 閱讀部分472. 聽力部分473. 范文賞析47TPO21481. 閱讀部分482. 聽力部分483. 范文賞析48TPO22491. 閱讀部分492. 聽力部分493. 范文賞析49TPO23501. 閱讀部分502. 聽力部分503. 范文賞析50TPO24511. 閱讀部分512. 聽力部分513. 范文賞析51TPO25521. 閱讀部分522. 聽力部分523. 范文賞析52TPO26531. 閱讀部分532. 聽力部分533. 范文賞析53TPO27541. 閱讀部分542.

4、 聽力部分543. 范文賞析54TPO28551. 閱讀部分552. 聽力部分553. 范文賞析55TPO29561. 閱讀部分562. 聽力部分563. 范文賞析56TPO30571. 閱讀部分572. 聽力部分573. 范文賞析57TPO31581. 閱讀部分582. 聽力部分583. 范文賞析58TPO32591. 閱讀部分592. 聽力部分593. 范文賞析59TPO33601. 閱讀部分602. 聽力部分603. 范文賞析60TPO34611. 閱讀部分612. 聽力部分613. 范文賞析61TPO 11. 閱讀部分In the United States, employees ty

5、pically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of

6、 their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.在美國，職員一般執(zhí)行的一周五天，每天八小時工作制。然而，很多職員希望能夠改為四天工作制，如果能夠滿足需要可以接受薪水降低。要求企業(yè)提供薪水八成工作四天的工作方式供員工選擇對于國家整個經(jīng)濟(jì)都是有好處的，同時獲益的還有個人，以及執(zhí)行這個政策的公司。The shortened workweek would increase

7、company profits because employees would feel more rested and alert, and as a result, they would make fewer costly errors in their work. Hiring more staff to ensure that the same amount of work would be accomplished would not result in additional payroll costs because four-day employees would only be

8、 paid 80 percent of the normal rate. In the end, companies would have fewer overworked and error-prone employees for the same money, which would increase company profits.減少工作日會提高公司的利潤，因為員工們會感到很輕松和精神，這樣他們就會在工作中較少犯那些可能會帶來損失的錯誤。為了完成同樣的工作量將需要雇傭更多的人手，但是這不意味著需要支付更多的薪水，這是因為四天工作日只需支付給每個員工80%的工資。這樣，公司花同樣的錢，員

9、工這會過于勞累和失誤連連了，這樣將會提高公司的利潤。For the country as a whole, one of the primary benefits of offering this option to employees is that it would reduce unemployment rates. If many full-time employees started working fewer hours, some of their workload would have to be shifted to others. Thus, for every four

10、employees who went on an 80 percent week, a new employee could be hired at the 80 percent rate.對于國家整體來說，給職員提供這樣的選擇選擇的好處就是可以降低失業(yè)率。如果原來全職工作的人縮短了工作時間之后，他們的部分工作就需要轉(zhuǎn)給其他的員工。這樣，如果每個員工每周都只工作80%的時間，這樣就可以以同樣的工作時間來雇傭新員工了。Finally, the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees. Emplo

11、yees who could afford a lower salary in exchange for more free time could improve the quality of their lives by spending the extra time with their families, pursuing private interests, or enjoying leisure activities.最后，這種四天工作日的選擇對于員工個人來說也是有利的。那些可以接受用降低薪水來增加休息時間的員工可以提高他們的生活質(zhì)量，因為他們有更多的時間陪家人、追求自己的興趣、以及

12、享受一些休閑生活。以下是閱讀部分最好提取的觀點：- Main point: A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to t

13、ake the option.- Sub point 1: The shortened workweek would increase company profits.- Sub point 2: the country as a whole will benefits.- Sub point 3: the option of a four-day workweek would be better for individual employees.如何抽取觀點呢?這篇文章沒有在觀點抽取的時候為我們設(shè)置障礙，Main point就乖乖地出現(xiàn)在首段段尾，sub points都是在段首出現(xiàn)的。但是需

14、要提醒的是千萬不要把support和detail作為point提取出來。在獨立寫作的時候，大家常犯的一個錯誤就是把support和detail作為point放在段首，在閱讀部分也還是難以壓抑對support和detail的重視。在提取point的時候不要把細(xì)節(jié)攪和進(jìn)來。比如就不能說第一個sub point是員工效率更高;第二個sub point是可以降低失業(yè)率，第三個sub point是可以提高生活質(zhì)量。如果用細(xì)節(jié)當(dāng)point，就會在聽力部分發(fā)現(xiàn)點對點對不上了，因為不是所有題目都是會反駁閱讀部分的細(xì)節(jié)的。即便是，你貌似對上了，但是邏輯層面不對還是錯的。所以，真正的理解point的含義是非常重要

15、的，point的是觀點，不提煉出來的態(tài)度，而不應(yīng)該是一些起支撐作用的細(xì)節(jié)。實際上，我們自查sub point的方法就是它是否是支持main point。有的時候sub point是main point 的一部分，這段就是一個典型，有的時候sub point從不同方面支持main point。但是如果抓到的是細(xì)節(jié)，那么就沒有這樣直接的邏輯關(guān)系，則不可用。這樣的視角也可以用在獨立寫作的自查上，看看自己找的sub point到底對不對。在聽力部分，我們可以預(yù)測到的就是這個四天工作制是沒有哪個方面可以從中獲益的，在聽的時候我們一定要注意那些表原因的詞匯，這樣我們才能找到重點。2. 聽力部分Offeri

16、ng employees the option of a four-day workweek wont affect the company profits, economic conditions or the lives of employees in the ways the reading suggests.給雇員提供四天工作日的選擇不會像閱讀部分上所說的對企業(yè)、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和雇員個人的生活帶來積極的影響的。First, offering a four-day workweek will probably force companies to spend more, possibly a

17、lot more. Adding new workers means putting much more money into providing training and medical benefits. Remember the costs of things like health benefits can be the same whether an employee works four days or five. And having more employees also requires more office space and more computers. These

18、additional costs would quickly cut into company profits.首先，采用四小時工作制可能會對導(dǎo)致企業(yè)支出增加，甚至大幅增加。增加新的員工意味著要在員工培訓(xùn)和醫(yī)療保險上花費更多的錢。別忘了，無論是四天工作制還是五天工作制，每個人在諸如保健福利金方面的花費是一樣的。而新增的員工統(tǒng)一也需要更多的工位和更多的電腦。這些額外的支出很快就會影響到公司的利潤。Second, with respect to overall employment, it doesnt follow that once some employees choose a four-d

19、ay workweek, many more jobs will become available. Hiring new workers is costly, as I argued a moment ago. And companies have other options. They might just choose to ask their employees to work overtime to make up the difference. Worse, companies might raise expectations. They might start to expect

20、 that their four-day employees can do the same amount of work they used to do in five days. If this happens, then no additional jobs will be created and current jobs will become more unpleasant.第二，至于整個社會的就業(yè)問題，也不是像閱讀部分所說的，只要有雇員選擇四天工作制，就會創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會。鑒于我剛才說的，雇傭新員工花費頗多，很多公司都另作選擇了。他們可能就是要求他們的員工加班已完成任務(wù)差額。甚至

21、公司可能會提高它們對員工效率的預(yù)期。它們可能會要求改成四天工作制的員工完成過去他們五天完成的任務(wù)。如果這樣，不但沒有新的工作機(jī)會，而且現(xiàn)有的工作也變得不那么令人愉快了。Finally, while a four-day workweek offers employees more free time to invest in their personal lives, it also presents some risks that could end up reducing their quality of life. Working a shorter week can decrease

22、employees job stability and harm their chances for advancing their careers. Four-day employees are likely to be the first to lose their jobs during an economic downturn. They may also be passed over for promotions because companies might prefer to have five-day employees in management positions to e

23、nsure continuous coverage and consistent supervision for the entire workweek.最后，雖然四天工作日給員工更多的空閑時間去安排他們的私人生活，但是他們也會冒一定風(fēng)險，這些風(fēng)險甚至可能會降低他們的生活質(zhì)量。時間較短的工作制將會降低雇員工作的穩(wěn)定性，同時阻礙他們事業(yè)的發(fā)展。在面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的時候，選擇四天工作制的員工將會首當(dāng)其沖地被裁掉。同時由于公司更傾向于把管理崗給那些五天工作的員工，這樣四天工作制的員工將會錯失進(jìn)行集會。企業(yè)正陽的考慮是為了保證在整個工作周期中都有持續(xù)的管理覆蓋和持續(xù)的監(jiān)督機(jī)制。聽力觀點：-Main poi

24、nt: 四天工作日不會給企業(yè)、社會經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況和員工個人帶來積極影響.-Sub point1: 企業(yè)支出可能會大幅增加。-Sub point2: 四天工作制并不意味著會有更多的工作機(jī)會。-Sub point3: 雖然四天工作制會有更多的私人時間，但是也有一定的風(fēng)險。這些風(fēng)險會讓他們生活質(zhì)量降低。增加你的詞匯量：閱讀部分表達(dá)方法：passage, material聽力部分表達(dá)方法：lecture, the professors says同意: say, argue, claim, opinion, hold the view that, figure, deem, believe, reckon,

25、consider, opinion, proposition,反對：on contrary, by contrast, argue against, refute, object, hold a totally different view, oppose, be against.3. 范文賞析對文章結(jié)構(gòu)的解析如下：第一段：要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容有：passage部分的主觀點，lecture部分的主觀點，以及兩者之間的關(guān)系。第二段：passage部分的sub point 1，lecture部分對應(yīng)的sub point，lecture里面相對應(yīng)的support和details。第三段：passage部分的

26、sub point 2，lecture部分對應(yīng)的sub point，lecture里面相對應(yīng)的support和details。第四段：passage部分的sub point 3，lecture部分對應(yīng)的sub point，lecture里面相對應(yīng)的support和details。小貼士：沒有必要在文章中出現(xiàn)passage部分的support和details，或者說不能出現(xiàn)。綜合寫作對語言的要求是清晰表達(dá)，準(zhǔn)確轉(zhuǎn)述即可(其實獨立寫作的要求也類似)。沒有必要可以的追求語言的華麗，把話說清楚最重要。有的同學(xué)語言使用的能力還有一定局限的情況下，千萬不要刻意追求句式的復(fù)雜化，因為這樣的后果就是寫出來的句

27、子個個都有錯，個個都有表達(dá)不清。同時，那些語言能力好的同學(xué)也要注意語言的簡潔，無論是何種語言，用最好的詞表達(dá)最多的內(nèi)容都是很厲害的呀。以下是參考例文：The passage argues that four-day work week will benefit companies, the whole economy, and individuals. But in the lecture, the professor holds a totally different view that no one will be beneficial from the new work week.Fir

28、stly, the passage says that companies will get more profits for employees can work more effectively. However, the lecture points out that four-day workweek will lead to spend more. That is because companies have to spend more money on training, medical benefits, office positions, even new computers.

29、Secondly, the passage claims that the whole economy will benefit, for the four-day workweek is a way to reduce unemployment rates. The lecture refutes the idea completely. Admittedly, there are more available jobs, but companies will prefer to let employees work overtime to finish them for hiring ne

30、w staff is too expensive. In addition, the companies may lift their expectation that staff finish five-day jobs within four-day.Thirdly, the passage suggests that individual employees can benefit from it. Though the four-day workweek can provide more leisure time to employees, the lecture argues aga

31、inst the passage. Comparing to five-day workers, the four-day workweek employees may be the first one to be fire during economic depression. And they will have less chance to promotion because companies wish that managers could be on duty every work day.TPO 21. 閱讀部分In many organizations, perhaps the

32、 best way to approach certain new projects is to assemble a group of people into a team. Having a team of people attack a project offers several advantages.在很多機(jī)構(gòu)里，恰當(dāng)完成一個新項目的最好方法可能是把一組人組織成一個團(tuán)隊。一個團(tuán)隊來完成一個項目有幾個優(yōu)勢。First of all, a group of people has a wider range of knowledge, expertise, and skills than

33、any single individual is likely to possess. Also, because of the numbers of people involved and the greater resources they possess, a group can work more quickly in response to the task assigned to it and can come up with highly creative solutions to problems and issues.首先，一組人員意味著有比任何一個個體擁有更為廣泛的知識、技

34、能以及技巧。同時，因為有更多數(shù)量人員的介入和更多資源的占有，團(tuán)隊工作可以以更快的速度對任務(wù)做出反應(yīng)。同時，也能創(chuàng)造性地解決遇到的問題和爭議。Sometimes these creative solutions come about because a group is more likely to make risky decisions that an individual might not undertake. This is because the group spreads responsibility for a decision to all the members and th

35、us no single individual can be held accountable if the decision turns out to be wrong.由于在團(tuán)隊工作中個體無需承擔(dān)風(fēng)險，所以會傾向于作出冒險的決定。這就導(dǎo)致了團(tuán)隊工作有時候可以創(chuàng)造性地解決問題。這是因為團(tuán)隊把團(tuán)隊決策的責(zé)任分?jǐn)偨o所有的成員了，這樣的話，即使決策最后證明是錯的，也不會有任何個體需要對此負(fù)責(zé)。Taking part in a group process can be very rewarding for members of the team. Team members who have a vo

36、ice in making a decision will no doubt feel better about carrying out the work that is entailed by the decision than they might doing work that is imposed on them by others. Also, the individual team member has a much better chance to “shine”, to get his or her contributions and ideas not only recog

37、nized but recognized as highly significant, because a teams overall results can be more far-reaching and have greater impact than what might have otherwise been possible for the person to accomplish or contribute working alone.加入一個團(tuán)隊對于個體成員來說是一個非常榮耀的。對于那些能夠影響決策的成員來說，毫無疑問，他們在團(tuán)隊行為中得來的決策快感要優(yōu)于他們被動地接受別人指派

38、任務(wù)時候的感受。同時，團(tuán)隊中的個人有更多“閃耀”的機(jī)會，這些機(jī)會的實現(xiàn)是由于他們對團(tuán)隊的貢獻(xiàn)不但被認(rèn)可，而且是高度低認(rèn)可。這種高度的認(rèn)可是因為團(tuán)隊的成就和影響力是要要高于個體。團(tuán)隊可以實現(xiàn)個體所不完成的任務(wù)，達(dá)到個體所不能達(dá)到的高度。閱讀部分需要抽取的觀點是：- Main point: perhaps the best way to approach certain new projects is to assemble a group of people into a team.- Sub point 1: A group can work more quickly in response

39、to the task assigned to it- Sub point 2: Sometimes these creative solutions come about.- Sub point 3: Taking part in a group process can be very rewarding for members of the team.觀點抽出方法：- Main point: 主觀點抽取的時候，有些同學(xué)喜歡憑感覺?？墒侨绻杏X可靠的話，就沒有那么多人失戀了。感覺是靠不住的，我們要找到根據(jù)。這篇文章的主觀點算是比較好找的。閱讀部分從題材上是essay，這個跟我們獨立寫作的作文

40、是一致的。對于獨立寫作我們對開頭段的要求是什么呢?那就是一個簡短的drawer加上一個清晰的main point。同時如果時間不允許，那么開頭直接說觀點也是可以的，這篇文章呢，就是開門見山的說出了觀點： perhaps the best way to approach certain new projects is to assemble a group of people into a team。而后面的一句話是過渡句，是預(yù)告下文的。也就是說，我將在團(tuán)隊工作的優(yōu)勢方面來支持我的主觀點。我們在獨立寫作的時候，也可以把sub point整理之后提前到開頭段，因為開頭段存在的目的是：what I

41、will talk about。- Sub point 1: 簡單的main point找到之后，大家就在第一個sub point上面折戟了，華麗麗地選擇了開頭句。是呀，我們都說TS前置的呀!但是這是考題呀，就是考我們怎么抽出觀點的。同時，經(jīng)過這個也可以看出來，不把TS前置是多么討厭的事情呀。我們寫文章一個要不能用廢話去煩考官，另一個是不能去考考官，因為我們是弱勢群體。那么，這個sub point是怎么找出來的呢?顯然不是憑感覺的。我們先厘清一下一個概念，就是一段里面sub point和下面的support內(nèi)容是什么關(guān)系呢?唉，是解釋的關(guān)系。Support是解釋sub point的，是支持su

42、b point的。因此，所有表原因的部分，都不會是point，而會是support和details。因此“because of the numbers of people involved and the greater resources they possess”這句就華麗麗的不會是觀點。而跟著它的那個主句，這很有可能是觀點，但目前還不能這么草率的確定。我們沿著這個句子往前看，有個詞是“also”。這個詞，直譯過來就是“也”。如果這樣一句話：“ , 我也沒吃飯，所以我們要一起去吃飯”，那么橫線上的內(nèi)容一定是“我也沒吃飯”相平行的，要么張三，要么李四，共同組成“我們?nèi)コ燥垺钡脑?。所以als

43、o之前的內(nèi)容也是原因，而不是結(jié)果，那么就不會是觀點。好了，先說到這里，接著說第二個sub point，然后回過頭來這這一段結(jié)尾的那個句子。- Sub point 2: 這個TS就好找多了，開頭第一句嘛。但是這樣就可以了嗎?顯然不行，我們這樣的判斷方法是沒有普適性的，下一次不放在第一句怎么辦?好吧，我們找一個很偉大的詞：because。這是一個原因狀語從句，在主從復(fù)合句中，如果從句放在后半部分，那么就不需要用逗號隔開，這就讓我們這個because不那么明顯，但是，如果我們每次看綜合寫作的時候都先把because念一遍，就找到了。緊接著的這句就更和諧了，“This is because”開頭了。那

44、么這句也是表原因啦。里面有個詞，thus可能會給大家?guī)硪恍├_：這不是因此嗎?這不是于是嗎?但是在thus前面還有一個神一樣的詞，是and，好吧，這and表示的時候前后的東東是并列的，所以能，前后都是表原因的。這個thus的存在表示后面這個原因，其實是and前面的這個原因衍生出來的，然后共同充當(dāng)sub point的原因。好了，這一段就只剩下第一句話的主句了，就是creative solution了。這時候，我們再回過頭看第一段的最后一句，好像也提到了creative solution了，但同時也看到了and。And前后的東西是并列的，那么creative solution是一個sub poi

45、nt，則and前面的句子也是sub point的，驗證了我們前邊的推論。至于這里提到的creative solution是對下面的預(yù)告。我們總是就接用linking word是用fist好還是first and foremost好，但是很多時候，地道的表達(dá)會用句子來做linking。- Sub point 3: 這段的觀點也是出現(xiàn)在了開頭，rewarding。好了，我們再也不要用感覺去判斷了。我們找到一個叫also的詞，它會告訴我們前后的兩句是同等地位的，鑒于每段之后一個point，那么這兩句都被排除了。那么除了第一句我們好像也沒有更好的選擇了?？赡苡械耐瑢W(xué)會找到because，然后認(rèn)為bec

46、ause前面的那半句是point。但是，因為also的存在粉碎了這樣的觀點，同時我們要知道，在使用推理論證的過程中，因果是可以不止一層的，很可能是ABCD的過程。我們不能because A，B 就誤認(rèn)為B是point。其實獨立寫作和綜合寫作時互通的，在獨立寫作中學(xué)到的論證方法可以幫住我們閱讀，而閱讀中學(xué)到的表達(dá)方式和行文風(fēng)格也可以借鑒到獨立寫作之中?，F(xiàn)在觀點找到了，我們開始簡單猜一猜聽力部分的分論點吧。這個嘛，不會太精確，但是可以給我們指出一個大概分方向。說閱讀部分有多重要，可能需要重新開一篇文章了，但是我們先記住它主要就好了。三個sub point分別是：quickly, creative

47、solution, rewarding。那么反駁的時候，就是不quickly、不creative solution和不rewarding。第一個和第三個是沒有問題的，但是對于creative和solution的反駁卻有三個角度，一個是不creative，一個是不solution，一個是兩個都反駁。就這篇文章的聽力部分來說，是既反駁的creative，又反駁了solution。如果在聽力部分聽不到這個點，那就是一定會丟點的。很多學(xué)生都覺得自己聽懂了，覺得這個無論是語速還是詞匯都遠(yuǎn)小于單獨的聽力部分測試。但是，這兩者之間是很有很大區(qū)別的，聽力測試是有題目和選項的，更多的是要求大家抓到主干即可，如果

48、要考細(xì)節(jié)，那么就會有重聽。但是綜合寫作卻考的是精聽，要你聽到觀點和分論點之后，還有寫出support。有的學(xué)生說聽懂之后，我讓他來復(fù)述，都會漏掉很多的細(xì)節(jié)，因為聽的時候要么不記筆記，要么記句子，這些都是不可取的。這部分應(yīng)該和文章閱讀一起單獨跟大家說一說。2. 聽力部分Now I want to tell you about what one company found when it decided that it would turn over some of its new projects to teams of people, and make the team responsible

49、 for planning the projects and getting the work done. After about six months, the company took a look at how well the teams performed.現(xiàn)在我要給大家講講在一個公司考慮以團(tuán)隊工作的形式進(jìn)行項目時候的發(fā)現(xiàn)吧。這幾個項目是以團(tuán)隊的形式負(fù)責(zé)和完成的。六個月之后，公司來驗收項目進(jìn)行的如何。On virtually every team, some members got almost a “free ride” . . . they didnt contribute mu

50、ch at all, but if their team did a good job, they nevertheless benefited from the recognition the team got. And what about group members who worked especially well and who provided a lot of insight on problems and issues? Well . . . the recognition for a job well done went to the group as a whole, n

51、o names were named. So it wont surprise you to learn that when the real contributors were asked how they felt about the group process, their attitude was just the opposite of what the reading predicts.實際上，在每個團(tuán)隊都會有一些成員選擇“搭便車”。這些成員并沒有對團(tuán)隊的工作有任何貢獻(xiàn)，但是如果整個團(tuán)隊很好地完成了任務(wù)，他們也會從團(tuán)隊所獲得的認(rèn)可中獲利。那么對于那些在團(tuán)隊中努力工作，為團(tuán)隊所面臨的

52、問題和正義提供很多簡介的人呢?沒有人知道他們的名字。當(dāng)這些真正的貢獻(xiàn)者被問及團(tuán)隊工作的感受是，他們的態(tài)度則是和閱讀部分所預(yù)計的相反的。你應(yīng)該不會對這樣的態(tài)度感到意外的。Another finding was that some projects just didnt move very quickly. Why? Because it took so long to reach consensus; it took many, many meetings to build the agreement among group members about how they would move t

53、he project along.另一個發(fā)現(xiàn)就是，一些項目進(jìn)行的速度不是很快。為什么呢?這是因為團(tuán)隊需要很長的時間達(dá)成一致意見，他們需要開很多會才能在成員之間對于如何進(jìn)行項目達(dá)成共識。On the other hand, there were other instances where one or two people managed to become very influential over what their group did. Sometimes when those influencers said “That will never work” about an idea t

54、he group was developing, the idea was quickly dropped instead of being further discussed. And then there was another occasion when a couple influencers convinced the group that a plan of theirs was “highly creative.” And even though some members tried to warn the rest of the group that the project w

55、as moving in directions that might not work, they were basically ignored by other group members. Can you guess the ending to this story? When the project failed, the blame was placed on all the members of the group.在另一方面，有些證據(jù)表明在團(tuán)隊中會有一到兩個人會對整個團(tuán)隊非常有影響力。有時候，當(dāng)他們對團(tuán)隊中正在運行的想法說了一句“這是行不通”的時候，這個想法就會在沒有進(jìn)行深入談討論

56、之前就被放棄了。同時，還會存在這樣一種情況：這些有影響力的人篤定他們相處的方法是“非常有創(chuàng)造性的”。這時候，即便有些成員會試圖提醒其他成員項目現(xiàn)在正在沿著一個錯誤的方向進(jìn)行，甚至有可能失敗的。但是他們的聲音會被其他的成員所忽略。你能猜到這個故事的結(jié)局嗎?結(jié)局就是，當(dāng)這個項目失敗的時候，責(zé)備會被所有團(tuán)隊成員一同承擔(dān)。觀點抽出方法：聽力部分的觀點順序不一定跟閱讀部分是完全一致的，這一點還是比較常見的。在篇文章里，聽力部分的第二段，反駁的就是rewarding這個點，第三段反駁的是quickly，而第四段則分別反駁了creative和solution。先說好的idea可能不經(jīng)深入討論就drop了，這

57、樣creative就無從實現(xiàn)了，接著說在influential的影響下可能在錯誤的方向上進(jìn)行，進(jìn)而失敗，以駁斥了solution。筆記內(nèi)容：需要注意的標(biāo)志詞：Another, on the other hand, because, and then there was another occasion在聽力部分，because后面的話可就變得重要了。筆記上的重點詞：記筆記是一定要的，因為考的是精聽，細(xì)節(jié)記不下來就會失分。但是不要記句子，而是記單詞。就這篇文章來講，你的筆記上需要出現(xiàn)以下詞：- didnt contribute, benefit, no names were named, opposite of reading prediction- didnt move very quickly, long to consensus, many meetings- influential, never work dropped, high creative warn, direction not work ignor