1、引言：中國(guó)古代文學(xué)是世界文學(xué)庫(kù)中的瑰寶，而在中國(guó)文學(xué)史上，古代詩(shī)歌無(wú)疑占據(jù)了非常重要的地位?，F(xiàn)在社會(huì)高物質(zhì)的追求，讓很多人開(kāi)始數(shù)典忘祖，很多人都忽略了中華文化的源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)。古代詩(shī)歌作為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中最精彩的一部分，能激發(fā)人的思維，積累人的語(yǔ)感，使人在潛移默化中能陶冶自己的情操，使讀者的人生張弛有度。中而在歷代流傳下來(lái)的燦爛如星的詩(shī)歌作品中，思鄉(xiāng)懷人這一主題則是十分具有生命力的主題之一。無(wú)論是在唐詩(shī)、宋詩(shī)還是在唐宋詞中，詩(shī)人的游子情懷則讓這一主題得到了十分充分的升華。下面我就講以唐詩(shī)、宋詩(shī)和唐宋詞三方面來(lái)表達(dá)我對(duì)這一永恒主題的祖略見(jiàn)解。唐詩(shī)：以楓橋夜泊張繼 為例月落烏啼霜滿(mǎn)天，江楓漁火對(duì)愁眠。姑蘇

2、城外寒山寺，夜半鐘聲到客船。 這首張繼的楓橋夜泊可以說(shuō)是家喻戶(hù)曉的一首詩(shī)，著名的歌曲濤聲依舊也正是對(duì)這首詩(shī)的改編好，可見(jiàn)這首詩(shī)歌所傳達(dá)出來(lái)的思鄉(xiāng)情懷已經(jīng)引起了千古年來(lái)大家的共鳴。這首詩(shī)的前半篇集中了一組極具表現(xiàn)力的意象：月、烏鴉、霜雪、漁火以及江楓，這一些意象勾起了孤寂、漂泊在他鄉(xiāng)的詩(shī)人對(duì)于家鄉(xiāng)的思念。同時(shí)，這首詩(shī)也運(yùn)用了白描的手法，使我們大眾讀者至今也能感受到詩(shī)人內(nèi)心的寂寞和相思之情。詩(shī)的后半篇寫(xiě)了山寺的清寒，用夜半的鐘聲襯托出夜的靜謐、深遠(yuǎn)，也是這樣使得詩(shī)人的羈途愁思得到了很好的表現(xiàn)?！皫ё咭槐K漁火讓它溫暖我的雙眼，留下一段真情讓它停泊在楓橋邊.月落烏啼總是千年的風(fēng)霜，濤聲依舊不見(jiàn)當(dāng)初的夜

3、晚?！闭沁@首詩(shī)歌綿綿不絕的秋意，為我們營(yíng)造出了無(wú)窮愁緒的情景，也把我們帶入了那思鄉(xiāng)更懷人的場(chǎng)景之中。宋詩(shī)：以泊船瓜洲王安石 為例京口瓜洲一水間，鐘山只隔數(shù)重山。春風(fēng)又綠江南岸，明月何時(shí)照我還。 這首詩(shī)據(jù)稱(chēng)是在王安石第二次拜相奉詔入京期間所做。在詩(shī)人泊船與瓜洲的時(shí)候，王安石因?yàn)橛型趺谏頍o(wú)法回家，于是寫(xiě)下了這首詩(shī)來(lái)抒發(fā)自己對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的懷念。全詩(shī)的第一句先寫(xiě)京口和瓜洲的距離并不遠(yuǎn)，“一水間”的距離卻偏偏承載了詩(shī)人內(nèi)心對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)厚重的思念之情。之后全詩(shī)的第三句突然發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，表面上描寫(xiě)了春天的無(wú)限生機(jī)和江南風(fēng)景的秀麗，實(shí)則又進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了詩(shī)人自己對(duì)家鄉(xiāng)的無(wú)限懷念。一個(gè)“綠”字，從視覺(jué)的角度使讀者感受到江南春

4、天景色的秀美，將看不見(jiàn)摸不著的春風(fēng)巧妙地轉(zhuǎn)化為鮮明的視覺(jué)形象。全詩(shī)的最后語(yǔ)句直抒胸臆，使得詩(shī)人浩蕩的情思得到了更好的升華。縱觀全文，“綠”字的用法特別為人稱(chēng)道。據(jù)宋人洪邁的記載，這句詩(shī)原來(lái)是“春風(fēng)又到江南岸”，后來(lái)有陸陸續(xù)續(xù)地改為“又至”、“又過(guò)”、“又入”等，最后才被定為是“又綠”，由此也可以反映出古代詩(shī)人對(duì)詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作錘煉字句的嚴(yán)肅態(tài)度。唐宋詞：以一剪梅.舟過(guò)吳江蔣捷 為例一片春愁待酒澆，江上舟搖，樓上簾招。秋娘渡與泰娘橋，風(fēng)又飄飄，雨又蕭蕭。何日歸家洗客袍，銀字笙調(diào)，心字香燒。流光易把人拋，紅了櫻桃，綠了芭蕉。這首詞主要卸了詩(shī)人漂泊的情感，首句就揭示了“春愁”這一主題。全詩(shī)引用了“秋娘渡”、

5、“泰娘橋”，讓讀者能聯(lián)想到女性的溫柔，也讓詞中的思家之情得到了傳達(dá)?！坝帧弊职凳局?shī)人離家已久，也是全詩(shī)的情感得到了很自然的宣泄。下片中的洗客中袍、調(diào)銀字笙、燒心字香，盡是對(duì)回家之后溫暖場(chǎng)景的遐想。“紅了櫻桃，綠了芭蕉”則是全詩(shī)中讓人們傳誦最久的一句，分析其原因，不僅是其表達(dá)出對(duì)年華易逝的感傷之情，也巧妙地運(yùn)用了“紅”和“綠”，講表達(dá)顏色的字詞作為動(dòng)詞，展現(xiàn)出了櫻桃變紅、芭蕉葉子變綠的過(guò)程，將無(wú)形轉(zhuǎn)化為有形，并增強(qiáng)了全詩(shī)的視覺(jué)效果，是詞中傳達(dá)出的羈旅愁思之情躍然紙上?？傮w感知：思鄉(xiāng)懷人是古代詩(shī)歌中很常見(jiàn)也是一個(gè)永恒的主題，無(wú)論是在什么朝代，詩(shī)人運(yùn)用了各種巧妙的手法將自己強(qiáng)烈的思鄉(xiāng)之情傳達(dá)的十分

6、巧妙。不管是在“月落烏啼霜滿(mǎn)天，江楓漁火對(duì)愁眠”還是在“春風(fēng)又綠江南岸，明月何時(shí)照我還”亦或是在“紅了櫻桃，綠了芭蕉”中，我們都能感受到詩(shī)人作為游子的羈旅愁思?；蛟S也正是他們的羈旅情懷才造就了他們，成就了一代偉大的詩(shī)人，也為我們的中華傳統(tǒng)文化增添了一筆濃墨重彩。全書(shū)感知: 每個(gè)午后，輕捧一本唐宋詩(shī)詞名篇欣賞，詩(shī)人簡(jiǎn)練的言語(yǔ)，無(wú)不投射出中華文化的博大精深。一個(gè)時(shí)代孕育一個(gè)時(shí)代的英雄，無(wú)論是杜甫亦或是李白這些在當(dāng)代仍被廣為傳誦的詩(shī)人，他們雖然有著不同的生活背景，但是他們的詩(shī)歌仍舊被世人傳誦。比如李白，他的詩(shī)歌離不開(kāi)他那豪爽的酒性，還有玄宗在位前期時(shí)社會(huì)的繁華和后期的沒(méi)落。中國(guó)的歷史太長(zhǎng)，朝代很多，

7、但是在這本書(shū)中，我們還是可以通過(guò)唐宋詩(shī)詞領(lǐng)略詩(shī)人的滿(mǎn)腔文墨。古人說(shuō)：“書(shū)中自有黃金屋，書(shū)中自有顏如玉?！痹鴰缀螘r(shí)，我對(duì)這句話(huà)也是懷著抨擊的態(tài)度，但當(dāng)我讀完這本唐宋詩(shī)詞名篇欣賞，我覺(jué)得這句話(huà)還是有那么幾分道理。現(xiàn)在當(dāng)我讀完這本書(shū)，回過(guò)頭來(lái)的時(shí)候，我想起了我們平時(shí)對(duì)待寫(xiě)作的態(tài)度，為什么對(duì)待現(xiàn)代的寫(xiě)作，我們大多數(shù)人都是懷著厭惡的態(tài)度，而古代的那些士人，卻是如此熱愛(ài)詩(shī)詞。當(dāng)然，這根社會(huì)的發(fā)展也有一定的關(guān)系，但是我個(gè)人認(rèn)為詩(shī)歌所存在的魅力，應(yīng)該也是十分重要的一個(gè)原因吧!無(wú)論是詩(shī)還是詞，短短的幾行字，卻有著深入淺出的韻味。就比如我們?cè)谏衔奶峒暗摹八监l(xiāng)懷人”，詩(shī)人或者詞人，很少會(huì)直接的“吼”出自己的情感，“

8、一切景語(yǔ)皆情語(yǔ)”，他們用自己的所見(jiàn)間接地傳達(dá)出了自己內(nèi)心深沉的感情。每一次讀一篇詩(shī)詞都會(huì)有另一番感受，雖然在現(xiàn)在我們開(kāi)始寫(xiě)散文，寫(xiě)論文，但是我想，詩(shī)歌中蘊(yùn)含的魅力還是值得我們學(xué)習(xí)的，而這魅力，可能是深入淺出，可能是一語(yǔ)雙全，可能這一切，還值得我們繼續(xù)探索。Preface: the ancient Chinese literature is the treasure of world literature library, and in the history of Chinese literature, ancient poetry is undoubtedly occupies very i

9、mportant position. Now the pursuit of social high material, make a lot of people are beginning to betray your ancestors, a lot of people ignored the Chinese culture has a long history. Ancient Chinese poetry, as the most splendid part of Chinese traditional culture, can inspire peoples thinking, acc

10、umulation of language sense, make the person can edify their sentiment, imperceptible relaxation of life to the readers. In passed down through the ages is shining like the stars in the poems, homesickness conceive the subject is a person very has the vitality of one of the topics. Whether in the ta

11、ng and song poetry or in tangsong ci, wandering poet feelings is the sublimation of this theme is a very full. Let me speak to tang poetry and song poetry and subjectivity of this eternal theme three aspects to express my face slightly.Tang: in the present paper arrives at an inter pretation poetry,

12、 for exampleMoonset wu crow cream all over the sky, Jiang Feng the fishing for troubled sleep. Gusu city hanshan temple, the midnight bell to the passenger. The song poetry in the present paper arrives at an inter pretation is a poem of household, the famous song seems to still is also good to the a

13、daptation of the poem, is the poem conveys the nostalgia has caused a historic years resonance. The poem in the first half of the article focus on a group of highly expressive image: month, crows, frost and snow, the fishing and Jiang Feng, this some image reminded, lonely for hometown thoughts drif

14、t in the land of poets. At the same time, with the help of this poem lyrics gimmick, make our public since the reader also can feel the poets inner loneliness and acacia. The second half of the poem wrote yamadera underprivileged students, in the midnight bell to foil the quiet of the night, profoun

15、d, and so makes the poets cruelty, troubles had a good performance. Take a light, let it warm my eyes with a genuine feeling let it docked at the edge of the grand. moonset wu crow is always one thousand years of wind and frost, lily is still not at the beginning of night. Is the poem overflow with

16、autumn, as we create the infinite melancholy, also bring us to the homesickness had more scenes.Song poetry: the docking melon continent , wang anshi, for exampleBeijing mouth melon continent between monohydrate, zhong shan only the number of mountains. The spring breeze and green river, south when

17、the moon as I also. The poem is said to be the second time in wang anshi did during that serve fabricated into Beijing. The poet docking with melon continent, wang anshi is with the kings commandment because cant go home, so wrote down this poem to express their nostalgia for his hometown. The first

18、 line of the poem writing and melon continent distance is not far, in the distance between monohydrate decided to carry the poet to remember fondly to hometown thick inside. After the poem of the third sentence suddenly happened to turn, on the surface to the description of spring infinite vitality

19、and jiangnan scenery beautiful, but in factAnd infinite memeory to further strengthen the poet himself for his hometown. A green word, from the Angle of vision, make readers feel beautiful scenery, jiang days will see the spring breeze of the scratching neatly into dis

20、tinct visual image. The poems last statement bluntly, and makes the poet only memories are better sublimation. Overall, the use of the word green special. According to poets HongMai records, this poem is spring breeze again to the rivers south bank, then one after another and to, and, and the, etc.,

21、 finally is designated as a green, which can also reflect the ancient Chinese poet of poetry temper all seriousness of words.Subjectivity: the changjiang. Boat wujiang jiang, for exampleSorrow for the bottle, spring river boat, curtain move upstairs. Autumn niang niang bridge crossing and tai, the w

22、ind and wave, the rain and rustling. Which day to return home to wash guest robe, silver word sheng, incense burning heart words. Time easy to throw people, red cherry, green banana.Main discharge is the poets emotional wandering the first words, first sentence reveals the spring sorrow this topic.

23、The poem refers to the crossing autumn niang, niang bridge, let the reader can relate to a womans gentle, also let the word of home of love got the message. And the word implies that the poet has been away from home for a long time, is also the poem emotion is the nature of anger. The lower of the g

24、uest in the robe, the silver word word, sheng, heartburn is daydream of home after warm scene. Red cherry, green banana is to let people told me the longest sentence in the poem, analyze its reasons, not only is it expresses the sentimentality of time is fleeting, and clever use of red and green, ex

25、press the color words as a verb, showed a cherry red, banana leaf green, the process of converting intangible to tangible, and enhance the visual effect of the poem, is in the word conveys some troubles of love from the page.Overall perception: homesickness pregnant person is very common in ancient

26、Chinese poetry is also an eternal theme, whether in what dynasty, the poet USES all sorts of clever tactics to convey their strong homesickness is very clever. Cream all over the sky, whether in moonset wu hoots Jiang Feng the fishing for sorrow sleep or spring breeze and green river, south when the

27、 moon as I also or the red cherry, green banana, we can feel the poet as a part of some troubles. Maybe it is their some feelings just made them, and made a generation of great poets, but also for our added a part of Chinese traditional culture.Encyclopedia perception: every afternoon, gently holdin

28、g a book the poetry of tang and song dynasty masterpiece appreciation, the poet concise words, reflects the profound of Chinese culture. An era gave birth to an era of hero, whether du fu and li bai these still is permeated poet in contemporary, although they have different backgrounds, but they are

29、 still being told the world poetry. Such as li bai, his poetry without his generous wine, and of the reign of xuanzong spent early late social prosperity and decline. Chinas history is too long, many dynasties, but in this book, we can still through the poetry of tang and song dynasty poet full of c

30、ivilization. The ancientMan said, has its own gold room in the book, the book has its own treasure to. Once upon a time, I of this sentence is also with the attitude of criticism, but when I finished reading this the poetry of tang and song dynasty masterpiece appreciation, I think this sentence has some truth. When I finished reading the book now, looking back, I was reminded o