1、Ameican Music,Music is more than just sound - it is a way of thinking! When we listen to music, sing and dance, or play an instrument, we are also becoming better thinkers. Music intelligence is one of our eight human intelligences. We can learn language from songs and chants詠唱. Some people study be

2、tter with music on!,Music,Music of the United States,The music of the United States reflects the countrys multi-ethnic population through a diverse array rei一系列 of styles. Rock and roll搖滾樂(lè) , blues, country, rhythm rim韻律 and jazz節(jié)奏爵士, pop流行音樂(lè) , and hip hop are among the countrys most internationally-

3、renowned genres. The United States has the worlds largest music industry and its music is heard around the world. Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.,Styles of American Music Jazz R&B Rock Hip hop/ rap Pop Country music,JA

4、ZZ-爵士樂(lè),Part 1 Jazz,Jazz is a style of music that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence knflu:ns匯集 of African and European music traditions.,From its early development until the present, jazz has incorporated mu

5、sic from 19th and 20th century American popular music.,Origins,African music was largely functional for work or ritual, and included work songs and field hollers叫喊. The African tradition made use of a single-line melody曲調(diào) and call-and-response pattern, but without the European concept of harmony. Rh

6、ythms reflected African speech patterns, and the African use of pentatonic ,penttnik五音的 scales led to blue notes in blues and jazz.,Elements of Jazz,Jazz is very hard to describe because there are now many different styles of jazz. Common instruments used in Jazz music are trumpet小號(hào) , piano, and sax

7、ophone Improvisation m,prvzen即興創(chuàng)作 is a key element. Scat-singing 擬聲唱法 is also common.,Jazz,BACK,Though originally a kind of dance music, jazz has been a major part of popular music, and has also become a major element of Western classical music. Jazz has roots in West African cultural and musical ex

8、pression, and in African American music traditions including blues and ragtime切分樂(lè)曲 , as well as European military band music.,Part 2 Rock & roll,Rock & roll music is a kind of type, originated in the 1940s and 1950s end of early American pop, quickly became popular in the world. Rock with its flexib

9、le bold expression and passion music rhythm expression of emotion, is widely accepted by the young people around the world.,Rock and roll developed out of country, blues, and R&B. Rocks exact origins and early influences have been hotly debated, and are the subjects of much scholarship. Though squar

10、ely in the blues tradition, rock took elements from Afro-Caribbean and Latin musical techniques. Rock was an urban style, formed in the areas where diverse populations resulted in the mixtures of African American, Latin and European genres ranging from the blues and country to polka 波爾卡舞曲 and zydeco

11、 柴迪科舞曲. Rock and roll first entered popular music through a style called rockabilly山區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村搖滾樂(lè)(起源于美國(guó)東南部) , which fused 融合 the nascent 初期的 sound with elements of country music. Black-performed rock and roll had previously had limited mainstream success, but it was the white performer Elvis Presley who fi

12、rst appealed to mainstream audiences with a black style of music, becoming one of the best-selling musicians in history, and brought rock and roll to audiences across the world.,Even though Rock music keeps changing through the years, the drums and electric guitar are always there. Most Rock fans ar

13、e white people,Elvis Aron Presley ： Love Me Tender Heartbreak Hotel,貓王,Bill Haley,Bill Haley was called the father of rock, founder of the rock.,Bill Haley 被稱之為搖滾樂(lè)之父，也是搖滾樂(lè)的創(chuàng)始人。,heavy metal 重金屬 coryphaeus,krifis 主唱者 guitar 吉他 drum-set 架子鼓 keyboard 鍵盤 bass 貝斯,Crazy 瘋狂,Passion 激情,Part 3 Country music,C

14、ountry music is a kind of contemporary pop music, originated in the southern United States and Appalachia mountains. Country music is rooted in the 1920s from the traditional folk music, integrated with Gospel music福音音樂(lè), Celtic music and classical music. The melody of country music is generally very

15、 smooth, beautiful and the phrasing structure also is simple.,History of Country Music In the 1950s, American music was about other things, for example, love and money. In the 1960s, songs were often full of anger, and some of them made fun of the political leaders. During the 1990s, American countr

16、y music has become more and more popular. Song writers are no longer writing about the modern values of the USAmoney, success or expensive things to buy. Instead they are writing once more about things that are common for everyone. most popular in the US countryside and somewhat popular in the citie

17、s but not very popular outside the US. Common themes: life in rural America, love, crime, and prison life.,Country Music Instruments,Common instruments used in country music include the fiddle (violin), banjo bnd 班卓琴 /五弦琴 , and slide-guitar 滑棒吉他 .,Today country music has become a big business. It br

18、ings in a lot of money. Now, it has reached all parts of the States, from Los Angeles in the west to New York in the east. It remains much the same as before. One subject is “the good old days ”. In “the good old days” people thought well of each other. People loved life in the open air. They believ

19、ed that the best things in life were free: sunshine, laughing, walks in the beauty of the country, friends and music.,Jimmie Rodgers,Country musics father,JimmieRodgers對(duì)美國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的影響是巨大的，盡管他的演藝生涯大部分是在美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)最不景氣的時(shí)期度過(guò)，而他的演出又常集中在最貧窮的地區(qū)，但當(dāng)我們?cè)谒募o(jì)念專輯封套上讀到：“在他的全盛期，手頭并不寬裕的村民踏進(jìn)商店，買了一些生活必須品之后，全都會(huì)再要一張他的最新唱片”時(shí)，我們不會(huì)不為

20、之感動(dòng)他是“村里會(huì)唱歌的小伙子”，也是老百姓心中的英雄,Jimmie Rodgers to American country musics influence is huge, although most of his career in the U.S. economy is the weakest, and he spent time and often focus on the performance of the poorest regions, but when we are in his album covers read: “in his heyday全盛期 , not boun

21、teous banti:s,慷慨的 villagers stepped into the grocery store and bought some necessities. All will have another of his latest album,”. He is “the village sing guy, but also people hero.,Accordion 手風(fēng)琴,Autoharp 豎琴,Harmonica 口琴,Piano 鋼琴,Drums 鼓,Fiddle 小提琴,American country music in different times,1) feel

22、ing alone in the modern world,2) the value of having good friends,love-getting or losing a boyfriend or girlfriend,2) money was also thought to be important,1) were often full of anger,2) often made fun of political leaders,1.big business,2.brings in a lot of money,Nashville納什維爾(美國(guó)田納西州首府), Tennessee

23、,all parts of the world,not just from the States but from all over the world,a lot of electrical equipment,the good old days,American country music today,sorts,Early Country 早期鄉(xiāng)村樂(lè) Cowboy 牛仔音樂(lè) Western Swing 西部搖擺 Blue Grass 蘭草音樂(lè) Honkyu-Tonk 酒吧音樂(lè) Rockabilly 鄉(xiāng)土搖滾 The Nashville Sound 納什維爾之聲 Country-rock

24、鄉(xiāng)村搖滾 Outlaw 叛道運(yùn)動(dòng) New Traditional Country新傳統(tǒng)主義 New Country 新鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè) Retro 回歸音樂(lè),representative personage,John Denver,1943 burn in New Mexico, he learned architecture at university. 1971 He came to the front for Take Me Home, Country Roads（鄉(xiāng)村之路）. His songs were full of his love to the hometown, the respec

25、t of nature, the admire of life and the hope of a beautiful world. 1997 When he drived his pubble-jumper, the plane fell. Then he left his funs forever. His famous songs: Take Me Home, Country Roads Rocky Mountain High高高洛基山 African Sunshine非洲的黎明,George Strait,1952.5.18 Burn at Texas.He was one of th

26、e most famous country music singers in 1980s. 1971 He joined the army. 1973 He bought a cheap geta.He formed a band named Rambling Country. 1975 He gone back home and went to Sounthwest Tesxas university studying agriculture. 1979 He recorded his firse album in MCA。After that,Straitstayed on the top

27、 for a long time. 1992 He take part in the film Pure Country.Four songs of this film went to the top of broadcast. His famous songs: I Saw God Today It Just Comes Natural Good News, Bad News Murder On Music Row,Shania Twain,1965.8.28 Burn in Ontario Canada，she was the most popular morden country mus

28、ic singer after Garth Brooks in the middle of 1990s. She began to learn guitar,creative and singing when she was very young. 。,1993 first album Shania Twain 1996 Recived the village Grammy Award singer(格萊美最佳鄉(xiāng)村女歌手獎(jiǎng))by Any man of mine . Her famous songs: What Made You Say That(1993) 是什么讓你說(shuō)起那些 Any Man

29、Of Mine(1996）我的男人 Youar Still The One(1999） 你是我的唯一 From This Moment On就從此刻起,Taylor Alison Swift 泰勒斯威夫特,American country music female artist, will use acoustic guitar, piano. 美國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)女創(chuàng)作歌手，會(huì)用木 吉他、鋼琴演奏。,Favorite Female Country Artist 最受歡迎鄉(xiāng)村女藝人,Best New Artist 最佳新人獎(jiǎng),（Rhythm & Blues ） 節(jié)奏布魯斯,R & B,Part 4,R

30、&B的全名是Rhythm & Blues，一般譯作 “節(jié)奏布魯斯”(R&B)，時(shí)至今日，R&B已經(jīng)成了黑人流行音樂(lè)的代名詞，盡管它更多的是作為一種區(qū)別于說(shuō)唱樂(lè)(Rap)、靈魂樂(lè)(Soul)、都市歌(Urban)的音樂(lè)種類被特殊的聽眾和唱片界人士提及。,Rhythm and Blues is the full translation of “R&B”. Today, R&B music has become the pronoun of black popular, although it is more of a kind of difference in Rap, Soul, Urban s

31、ong (music by the situation) types of special audience and record circles mentioned.,R&B,Rhythm and blues, often abbreviated to R&B, is a genre of popular African American music that originated in the 1940s. The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominant

32、ly to urban African Americans, at a time when “urbane, rocking, jazz based music with a heavy, insistent beat” was becoming more popular.,早期的搖滾樂(lè)就是以R&B為基礎(chǔ)的，它是由受流行音樂(lè)影響的“鄉(xiāng)村和西部音樂(lè)”延展而來(lái)。R&B不僅僅是在布魯斯和搖滾樂(lè)之間的一種重要的過(guò)渡音樂(lè)，它還是布魯斯和靈魂樂(lè)之間最重要的音樂(lè)分支。,Early in the rock, R&B, it is the basis for the popular music influenc

33、e country and western music. R&B is not only in the blues and rock music is a kind of important between the music, it still transition between Bruce and soul music is the most important.,RKelly,羅伯特凱利，美國(guó)R&B巨星，1967年1月8日出生于美國(guó)最大的湖港城市，伊利諾伊州芝加哥市的南部地區(qū)，全球賣出超過(guò)一億五千萬(wàn)張專輯的驚人銷售量、一千五百萬(wàn)張的單曲銷售數(shù)字、13首單曲排行冠軍紀(jì)錄，R.Kelly成

34、為90年代至今最具代表性的暢銷天王之一。,R. Kelly是美國(guó)R&B和說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)中最出色的歌手，制作人和詞曲作者之一，由他制作的音樂(lè)總能很好的把說(shuō)唱音樂(lè)，R&B音樂(lè)以及靈魂樂(lè)完美的融合在一起并創(chuàng)造出優(yōu)美的旋律，因而能夠得到R. Kelly制作的專輯決不會(huì)讓歌迷的耳朵受罪，同時(shí)他本人還是90年代專輯銷量最好的男歌手之一。,Mariah Carey,最佳靈魂樂(lè)/R&B女歌手,The best soul/R&B singer,格萊美音樂(lè)大獎(jiǎng),Grammy,R&B singer global sales of the best,全球銷量最佳R&B女歌手,Part 5 Hip Hop 嘻哈 說(shuō)唱,Hip

35、-Hop,Hip hop first emerged among young urban blacks in New York City during the late 1970s/early 1980s. By the late 1990s Hip-hop had become more popular than Rock music in America.,hip-hop是20多年前始于美國(guó)街頭的一種黑人文化，也泛指rap（說(shuō)唱樂(lè)）。hip-hop 文化的四種表現(xiàn)方式包括rap （有節(jié)奏、押韻地說(shuō)話）、b-boying（街 舞）、dj-ing（玩唱片及唱盤技巧）、raffiti writi

36、ng（涂 鴉 藝 術(shù)）。 因此rap （說(shuō) 唱 樂(lè)）只是hip-hop 文化中的一種元素，要加上其它舞蹈、服飾、生活態(tài)度等才構(gòu)成完整的hip-hop 文 化。,說(shuō)唱起源于60年代，而作為音樂(lè)理解的HipHop則起源于70年代初，它的前身是RAP(有時(shí)候會(huì)加一點(diǎn)R&B)。這是一種完全自由式即興式的音樂(lè)。這種音樂(lè)不帶有任何程式化，拘束的成分。在任何時(shí)間，任何地點(diǎn)你都可以炫Hip hop 只要你high 。 HipHop從字面上來(lái)看，Hip是臀部，Hop是搖擺，加在一起就是輕 扭擺臀，是以前美國(guó)的蹦迪。原先指的是雛形階段的街舞(也就是我們以前說(shuō)的霹靂舞)，后來(lái)才逐漸發(fā)展成一種巨大的概念我們現(xiàn)在說(shuō)的H

37、ipHop文化還包括了那些寬大的衣服、沉甸甸的純金飾品、平時(shí)說(shuō)起話來(lái)就“YoYo?whats up？men！”的口語(yǔ)習(xí)慣總之就是那種美國(guó)貧民街區(qū)里黑人的生活方式以及他們的“范兒”。,Jay-Z Rap godfather（說(shuō)唱界教父 ） Real Name（本名） Shawn Corey Carter American hip-hop music artist, entrepreneur. In April 2008 with Beyonce marriage. Most NBA players are listening to songs of JAY Z 美國(guó)嘻哈音樂(lè)藝術(shù)家、企業(yè)家，于在2

38、008年4月4日與碧昂絲結(jié)婚。NBA大部分球員都是聽著JAY-Z的歌長(zhǎng)大的,冠軍專輯數(shù)：11張（歷史第二，超越貓王，僅次于披頭士） 在新一周的Billboard 200專輯榜中，東海岸說(shuō)唱達(dá)人Jay Z的新作American Gangster為他贏得了他在Billboard專輯榜中的第十個(gè)冠軍。據(jù)Nielsen SoundScan統(tǒng)計(jì)，American Gangster在美國(guó)上市第一周的銷量為42萬(wàn)5千張。至此，Jay Z已經(jīng)追平了“貓王”埃爾維斯普萊斯利(Elvis Presley)10張冠軍專輯的紀(jì)錄。目前，Jay Z和Elvis Presley仍落后于披頭士樂(lè)隊(duì)(The Beatles)

39、19張冠軍專輯的最高紀(jì)錄。自從1998年以來(lái)，Jay Z的全部八張個(gè)人專輯全部都在Billboard 200專輯榜中奪魁，而他和林肯公園樂(lè)隊(duì)(Linkin Park)合作的Collision Course以及同R.凱利(R.Kelly)合作的專輯Unfinished Business也都非常輕松地在Billboard 200專輯榜中稱霸。Jay-Z是美國(guó)說(shuō)唱界的超級(jí)明星，同時(shí)是The 40/40體育酒吧連鎖店的合伙人，Def Jam唱片公司的前任首席執(zhí)行官，Roc-A-Fella唱片公司的三位創(chuàng)始人之一，并開創(chuàng)了Rocawear品牌服飾。,The four elements of hip-ho

40、p,Rapping,DJ-ing,Break dancing,Graffiti Art,Part 6 Pop Music 流行音樂(lè),Pop Music,Pop music is hard to describe because its just music that is popular at any given time. Pop music may be very similar to Rap, R&B, Rock or even Country music but it is designed to have mass appeal.,Pop music is often a fusio

41、n of styles,Part 7 Classical Music 古典樂(lè),Development History,Medieval Period 中世紀(jì)時(shí)期 (1450年前) Major in poetry主要以詩(shī)篇為主 Baroque 巴洛克時(shí)期 (約為公元16001750) Fantasia, overture幻想曲、序曲 Classical古典主義時(shí)期(約公元17501820) Sonata奏鳴曲 Romanticism浪漫主義時(shí)期(約為公元18201900) This period of music pay more attention to express ones mental

42、 state and subjective feelings, the natural scenery of the performance also increasingly prominent, the creation of ethnic and folk music on the use of more attention and frequent. 這一時(shí)期的音樂(lè)更注重表達(dá)人的精神境界與主觀感情，對(duì)自然景物的表現(xiàn)也愈加突出，創(chuàng)作上對(duì)民族和民間音樂(lè)的利用更加重視與頻繁。,Leonard Bernstein 倫納德伯恩斯坦 （19181990) The most outstanding

43、music command master美國(guó)最杰出的音樂(lè)指揮大師,He is a conductor, composers, performers collection, educators, theorists in the art world masters, its artistic attainments. The international public opinion thinks, “he left blank is difficult to fill the”. 他是一位集指揮家、作曲家、演奏家、教育家、理論家于一身的藝術(shù)大師，其藝術(shù)造詣舉世推崇。國(guó)際輿論認(rèn)為，“他所留下的空白是難以填補(bǔ)的”。,The Grammy Awards (originally called the Gramophone Awards)or Grammysare presented annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States for outstanding achievem