1、英語必修四 模塊總結(jié)_Unit 10. MoneyLesson 1. A Material World Worddetermine. enjoyable. second-hand. concern. hardworking. dormitory. pleased. aware. businessman. stove. drunk. journalist. greedy. popcorn. cigarette. resolution. rude. armchair. carpet. vase Phrasegive away 贈送給；泄露（秘密） drop out 退出，退學 be determi

2、ned to 決心去做dream up 空想 achieve ones goal 實現(xiàn)目標 be concerned about 關(guān)心，掛念turn ones back on 不理睬，拒絕；背棄，拋棄 be tired of 厭煩 Grammarsome/any/no; a lot of/many/much some, any ,no a lot of是數(shù)量詞，用在可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前面。通常some用于肯定句，any用于否定句。 much用于不可數(shù)名詞前。many用于可數(shù)復數(shù)名詞前。 much和many主要用于否定句。 【拓展】修飾可數(shù)名詞：a number of, a few 修飾不可數(shù)名詞

3、：an(a large) amount of, a great deal, a littlemany a + 單數(shù)名詞/謂語動詞：不止一個=more than one 【例】Dont travel with large amounts of money.all/none; both/neither all, none, both, neither是限定詞。all用于復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前，表示人或物中的每一個或全部、整體。 none of用于復數(shù)名詞或the+集合名詞前。和none連用的動詞可以是單數(shù)或復數(shù)，但總是用肯定行形式。 表達兩人或兩物時，用both of和neither of。 al

4、l, none：三者以上 both/neither：雙方 【例】Both my parents get angry with me, especially my dad. Neither of my parents give me money. She ate all(of) her rice.another, other, the other, the second another, other, the other, second是限定詞。 another：三者以上數(shù)目中的“另一個”，用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示“又一個”或“（不同類的）另一個，其他一種” other：+n. 單復數(shù)均可，表示

5、“另外的”、“更多的” the other：兩者中的“另一個” the second：指第二位的【例】Some people are greedy, other people are generous. I dont like this pen. Im going to buy another one. Give me the other one; not this one. Sentence1. A lot of people are determined to become a millionaire.2. But there are people who have turned thei

6、r backs on their millions and found different ways to be happy on their lives.3. They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things they would do once they get rich.4. He was pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich ma

7、n.5. He was tired of being a person who had everything in a world where many people had nothing.6. Therefore he gave away all his money to charities.7. He decided to drop out and has discovered that having only a little money makes you free.Lesson 2. The Right Price Wordbargain. cash. product. fax.

8、scarf. necklace. enthusiastic. ashamed. firm. aggressive. groceries. clothing. annoy. salesgirl. salesman. blouse. boot. leather. vest. comment.Lesson 3. Your Money Wordamusement. cookie. appeal. approximately. soil. contain. balance. remove. importance. crop. economy. puzzle. valley. homeland. moth

9、erland. behave. advance. diamond. soft Phraseappeal to 使喜歡，吸引 be puzzled by 困惑于 Grammar-Infinitives（不定式） 不定式(to do)在句中可用作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語。 【例】The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area. 定語 It is a huge job to control Yellow River erosion. 主語 This helps to develop local e

10、conomies. 賓語 On land with rich soil, local farmers can grow crops to make a living. 狀語 He is to go home. 表語 This has forced many local farmers to move to other areas. 賓語補足語 Sentence1. Well, if buying a bag of candies or cookies doesnt appeal to you, how about buying a tree instead?2. You may agree w

11、ith this point of view.3. What is more, the success of the programme has greatly improved the lives of the local people.Lesson 4. Advertisements Wordpractical. mobile. useless. headphone. wire. bath. signal. freedom. photography. credit card. automatic. focus. flash. noisy. customer. cleaner. refrig

12、eration. electric. kettleUnit 11. The MediaLesson 1. World News Wordagenda. nation. political. widespread. poverty. electricity. AIDS. sex. administration. reform. demand. debt. belief. painful. host. announce. committee. distinction. pub. delighted. publish. incident. evidence. explanation Phrasebe

13、 formed by 由構(gòu)成 in detail 詳細地 demand reform 要求改革have the distinction of 有的殊榮 come down to 歸結(jié)為 stand for 代表，支持look forward to （高興地）盼望，期待 be responsible for 為負責 Grammar-The Passive（被動語態(tài)）用法 不知道或不需要強調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者時。 動作的執(zhí)行者很明確時。 要強調(diào)動作本身而不是強調(diào)誰做的這件事時。 有時，要強調(diào)動作執(zhí)行者時（人或物），通常在句末用“by+名詞”來表示。形式 一般現(xiàn)在時：am/is/are done 一般過去時

14、：was/were done 現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are being done 過去進行時：was/were being done 現(xiàn)在完成時：has/have been done 過去完成時：had been done 一般將來時：will be done / be going to be done 情態(tài)動詞can：can be done Sentence1. The G8 is made up of political leaders from2. In the end, it came down to a choice between Paris and London.Lesson

15、2. The Paparazzi Wordanalyse. arise. blame. willing. self-employed. legal. attempt. defend. argument. process. profit. analysis. encouragement. onto. attitude. dislike. pretend. hire. bush. respect. disagreement. channel Phrasein favour of支持，贊同Lesson 3. The Advertising Game Wordadvertise. classic. c

16、ertain. sew. beer. corporation. brand. suitable. advertiser. budget. visually. boom. visual. concept. approach. humour. contemporary. contribution. citizen. niece. nephew Phraseconsist of 由組成 stand out 突出，顯眼 be likely to 可能 be used to 習慣于in direct competition with 與直接競爭 make contribution to society

17、貢獻社會participate in 參加，參與，分享 the concept of freedom “自由”的概念 Grammar-Gerunds（動名詞） 動名詞（-ing形式）在句中起名詞的作用，可用作主語、表語、定語和賓語（用在動詞或介詞后） 【例】Smoking is terrible habit. 主語 His hobby is collecting stamps. 表語 Where is the publishing house? 定語 We are tired from working all day. 賓語注：注意不要混淆介詞to和不定時的符號to(do)。動名詞用語介詞后。

18、【例】Im looking forward to getting your early reply. Sentence1. Some advertisements consist of pictures or the words of experts to show people how good the products are.2. Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked

19、 to the products to make them more attractive.3. By doing this, they hope to make people forget that someone is trying to sell them something!4. There are public advertisements which encourage citizens to participate in improving their neighbourhood, protecting the environment, and helping other peo

20、ple.Lesson 4. What is in the Papers? Wordconsideration. conclude. innocent. astronomer. sightseeing. trolleybus. southwest. fog. tyre. muddy. ankle. spokesman. scene. ambulance. strawberry. load. bravery. fiction. ex-husband. district Phraseas long as只要 a certain amount of 一定量的 crash to 撞在 get stock

21、 in 卡在in the way of 關(guān)于方面 make a distinction between 對加以區(qū)別 Vocabulary-Compound Adjectives（復合形容詞）well-known. 31-year. ex-husband. 3000-mile Sentence1. According to the research published by Leeds University yesterday, people dont mind bad language on television as long as it is not used in programmes

22、watched by children.2. People were asked to comment on scenes from films3. He praised the bravery of the astronomers who were helped out of the windows of the trolleybus by firemen.Unit 12. Culture ShockLesson 1. Visiting Britain Wordtipping. owe. apology. absorb. brief. expectation. bacon. slice. t

23、oast. waiter. waitress. exchange. cheque. wander. mushroom. tasty. foggy. laughter. majority. anyhow. reasonable. mosquito. northeast. physician. book Phraseget used to 習慣于 afford to 擔負得起 refuse to 拒絕 expect to 期待 avoid doing 避免 suggest doing 建議 advise sb. to 建議某人 consider doing 考慮enjoy doing 享受 ris

24、k doing 冒險 Grammar-Verb Followed by ing Form or Infinitive（跟動名詞或不定式作賓語的動詞）跟不定式作賓語的動詞： decide. refuse. learn. ask. tell. fail. choose. promise. expect. wish. intend（想要，打算）. manage. pretend. agree. help. arrange. afford. plan. would like/love/prefer. persuade. seem. appear. offer. attempt跟動名詞作賓語的動詞： c

25、ant help. dislike. avoid. consider. finish. suggest. deny（否認，拒絕）. give up. imagine. put off. risk. mind. keep. miss. enjoy. cant stand. fancy. admit. delay（延遲，耽擱）既可跟不定式、又可跟動名詞作賓語的動詞： begin, start, continue, intend這些動詞后跟不定式或動名詞意義上區(qū)別不大，可通用?！就卣埂縝egin/start doing意指天氣等的變化 hate, like, love, prefer大部分表示“喜歡

26、”或“不喜歡”的動詞?？筛鷦用~作賓語，也可跟不定式作賓語，但有時在含義上略有區(qū)別?！就卣埂? doing表示經(jīng)常性的，+ to表示臨時性的【例】I like singing.（我一直喜歡唱歌） I like to sing.（現(xiàn)在我愿意去唱歌） remember, forget, regret, mean, try, stop, need/want這些動詞后用不定式還是動名詞作賓語，含義不同remember to do 記得要去做doing 記得曾經(jīng)做過regret to do 做此事前，感覺遺憾 doing 做了此事后，感到后悔【例】I regret to say that the mee

27、ting wasnt successful. 我要很遺憾地說，會議沒有成功。stop to do 停下正在做的事，去做另外一件事 doing 停止正在做的事try to do 努力、盡力做某事 doing 試著做某事，看是否可以達到預期的效果【例】Ill try baking bread tonight. 我今晚會試著烤烤面包。 I tried to study harder. 我努力好學?！就卣埂縩eed to do需要做某事 doing 需要被【例】The computer needs repairing. 這個電腦該修了。（電腦被修） Sentence1. Do you know tha

28、t almost every town in Britain has at least one Chinese restaurant?2. Youre going to have to get used to bacon and eggs with a few slices of toast for breakfast over here.3. To avoid getting confused about the Britain tipping system4. If it isnt, I suggest leaving 10% of the bill for the waiter or w

29、aitress5. I think we should consider staying in the English countryside for a few nights as I know you enjoy hiking.6. I have learnt which ones are tasty and safe to eat so we wont risk getting sick.Lesson 2. Mind Your Manners Wordmanners. modest. indicate. eastern. curiously. movement. lemon. infor

30、mal. bowling. flashlight. cave. cosy. novel. circus. schoolmate. headmaster. jeep. blanket. sheet. request. parcel. handkerchief. canteen. mailbox. twin. courtyard Phrasegivea lift 給搭便車 Lesson 3. Living Abroad Wordfamiliar. arrival. aspect. splendid. cocoa. outgoing. cautious. dessert. stare. whispe

31、r. custom. appetite. yummy. spoken. fur. conduct. band. burglar. bark. injure. educator. erupt. dinosaur. detective. partner. earthquake Phraseseeoff 給（某人）送行 stare at 凝視，盯住 Grammar-Present Participles（現(xiàn)在分詞） 現(xiàn)在分詞，即動詞-ing形式，在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可用作定語、狀語、表語和賓語補足語。 【例】The crying child had a cut on his knee. 定語 He stood there, wondering what to do. 狀語 The game was exciting. 表語 I heard two people arguing. 賓語補足語 有時，現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以代替