1、Appositive Clause,Grammar,Read the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts.,1 Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.,2 Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.,3 He told me that his brother John was a world-famous doctor.,4The news that they had won the bask

2、etball game soon spread the whole school,當兩個指同一事物的句子成分放在同等的位置時，一個句子成分可被用來說明或解釋另一個句子成分，前者叫做后者的同位語。作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。同位語從句一般跟在某些名詞之后，用以說明或解釋前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容。,What kind of noun clauses are they?,What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doe

3、snt know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,名 詞 性 從 句,Find out the appositive clause from the reading text.,The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less

4、than five days ,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5500 kilometres from coast to coast. The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.,that 引導同位語從句,(1) The news that our team won the first prize excited all of us. 我們隊得了第一名，這消息使我們都很興奮。 (2) The fact that two th

5、irds of all girls are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot. (3) Many British parents hold the view that teenagers shouldnt spend too much time online.,如果同位語從句意義完整應用that引導同位語從句， that 在從句中不充當任何成分，無任何具體意思，一般不省略。,1. I have no idea when he will come back. 2.The question who should go abroad

6、 required consideration. 3. He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing. 4.I have no impression how he went home , perhaps by bike.,除 that外， 其余連詞在從句中都具有各自的意義或成分。if 不可以引導同位語從句。,注意啦！!,大家注意啦！,同位語從句與定語從句區(qū)別:,（1 ） 定語從句是從句對其先行詞或前面整個句子的修飾或限制,屬于形容詞性從句的范疇; 而同位語從句是從句對前面抽象名詞的進一步的說明和解釋,屬于名詞性從

7、句的范疇，如:,The news that our team has won the game was true. 我們隊贏了那場比賽的消息是真的。 (同位語從句, 補充說明news到底是一個什么消息) The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告訴我的那個消息是真的。 (定語從句限制或修飾news, 說明到底是哪個news.),辨析：,(2)從引導詞來看 引導詞that在同位語從句中是連詞，只起連接作用，無具體詞義，that不可省略；that在定語從句中是關(guān)系代詞，除了起連接作用，它在從句中充當一定成分主語或賓語，作賓語時還可以省略。,T

8、he factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one.（factory在從句中作visited的賓語,也就是說that 指代factory在從句中作賓語，可以省略） The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. （that 只起連接作用，不做成分，一般不可以省略),（3）當when ,where ,why和how引導同位語從句時為連接副詞，雖在句中充當成分，但前面沒有與其意義相當?shù)南刃性~。而在定語從句中它們?yōu)殛P(guān)系副詞，在其前面分別有表示時間、地點、原因及方式意義的先行詞。例如：,H

9、e will never forget the days when he lived with his grandparents. 他永遠不會忘記和祖父母一起生活的日子 He has no idea when the meeting will be held. 他不知道會議將何時舉行,定語從句,同位語從句,（4）同位語從句的先行詞極為有限，多為抽象名詞，如,fact, idea, reason, thought, order, doubt, news, hope, truth, belief , suggestion, advice, view, promise, request, propo

10、sal提議/建議, demand, question,(5)同位語從句的簡易判斷方法 同位語從句與其先行詞在邏輯上是“主語+be+表語”的同位語關(guān)系。所以，可以在名詞和從句之間加系動詞be，使之構(gòu)成一個新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則原句為同位語從句；定語從句是不能夠用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。 The news that well go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true.這個星期天我們要去野餐的消息不是真的。 The news is that well go on a picnic this Sunday. The news that youve

11、heard isnt true. 你聽到的這個消息不是真的。 The news is that youve heard.,They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. The hope ( that ) she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.,Lets have a try at once,同位語從句：they would come to visit China 對hope 進行具體的說明。,定語從句： hope 充當expre

12、ss的賓語。,II. 判斷下列哪些含有同位語從句，哪些含有定語從句。 The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world. Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.,同,定,The reason why he was late for school sounds unreasonable.,He has solved the problem why the radio didnt work well.,定,同,I. 在空格處填上適當?shù)脑~，使下列定語從句和同位語從句完整。,The news _ our class had won the football match was very exciting. This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year. 3. The person to _ you spoke is a famous actor.,where,練習坊,that,whom,3. The