1、Unit3ComputersLearningaboutLanguage,1.Getstudentstoknowthestructureofthepresentperfectpassivevoice.2.Letstudentslearntheusagesofthepresentperfectpassivevoice.3.Getstudentstobecomeinterestedingrammarlearninganduseitfreelyandcorrectlyinmanysituations.,LearningObjectives,Review（把下列句子改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）1.Theycleant

2、heclassroomeveryday.2.Theycleanedtheclassroomyesterday.3.Theywillcleantheclassroomtomorrow.4.Theymustcleantheclassroomafterclass.,Theclassroomiscleanedbythemeveryday.,Theclassroomwascleanedbythemyesterday.,Theclassroomwillbecleanedbythemtomorrow.,Theclassroommustbecleanedbythemafterclass.,、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was

3、donewere,1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：amisdoneare,3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)：willshallbedonebegoingto/betobe,4.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:canmaymustbedoneshouldhaveto,Summary:被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be+done（過(guò)去分詞）,Task1.observing&searching,Lookatthefollowingsentence,payingattentiontotheunderlinedpart.OverthetimeIhavebeenchangedalot.,肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/hasbeen+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has

4、+not+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞？特殊疑問(wèn)句：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+主語(yǔ)+been+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞？,現(xiàn)在完成被時(shí)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：,Task2.Analyzing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法:,1.表示過(guò)去開始的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for+一段時(shí)間，since+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（從句），thesedays,sofar,uptonow,inthelast/pastfewyears等。e.gUptonow,halfofthebookshavebeenreadbythestudents.2.表示某被動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的

5、影響或結(jié)果，常與already,yet,just,ever,never,recently等連用。e.g.IhavealreadybeenintroducedtoMr.Smith.,一般過(guò)去時(shí)則是表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有關(guān)系。一般過(guò)去時(shí)常與表示確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,如:yesterday,twoweeksago,in1978,等,Themachinehasbeenrepaired機(jī)器已經(jīng)修好了。(說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，修好了。)Themachinewasrepairedyesterday機(jī)器昨天修了。(只說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在昨天。),1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞

6、，即havehas和been，兩者缺一不可。,Hehasthoughtofawayofsolvingtheproblem.=Awayofsolvingtheproblemhasbeenthoughtof.,2.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中要保持完整性，不可省略短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的介詞或副詞。,Thisbikehasbeenboughtbymybrotherforalmostfouryears.Howlonghasthisbookbeenbought?,3.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等）的現(xiàn)在完成

7、時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的肯定形式不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)forthreeyears,howlong等連用，而要改換成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或改變時(shí)態(tài)。,kept,Howlongagowasthisbookbought?,4.breakout/happen/takeplace/occur/arrive/belongto/become/die/disappear/cost/lastetc不及物動(dòng)詞無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,GreatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinChinasince1978.GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.,5.有些動(dòng)詞如see,hear

8、,watch,notice,listento,let,make等，要求不帶不定式符號(hào)to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)要加上不定式符號(hào)to,原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)變成主語(yǔ)，原來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)就變成了主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。,Wesawhimgetonabus.Hewasseentogetonabus.,6.begin,write,read,sell,wash,keep,wear,open,close等動(dòng)詞后加well,easily,long等副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)意思。由實(shí)意動(dòng)詞演變而來(lái)的系動(dòng)詞，如taste,feel,look,sound,smell,appear等，后接形容詞作表語(yǔ)，不能用于被動(dòng)

9、語(yǔ)態(tài)。,Classbeginsateight.TheshopclosesearlyonFridays.Thesebookssellwell.Thefoodtastesdelicious.,7.need,want,require三個(gè)詞的主語(yǔ)是后面跟的動(dòng)詞的承受者時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式，不定式用被動(dòng)形式，表示被動(dòng)意思。句型為：sb/sthneeds/wants/requiresdoing/tobedone,Thetreeneedswatering/tobewatered.,Task3.Correction1.Yourpronunciationshouldbepaidattention.2.Shewa

10、sheardsinganEnglishsongintheclassroom.3.Thejobhadbetterbeenfinishedaheadoftime.4.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinourcountry.5.Thiskindofclothiswashedwell.,1.attention后加to,2.heard后加to,3.been改為be,4.去掉been,5.iswashed改為washes,6.Thepatientneedsbeingtakencareof.7.Peopleshouldbestoppedcuttingmoretrees.8.Th

11、esoupistastedwonderful.,6.beingtaken改為taking或把being改為tobe,7.stop后加from,8.istasted改為tastes,Task4.Application,Thepresentperfectpassivevoiceisoftenusedinformalsituationssuchasarticles,poemsandspeeches.,Noticetoparents(page57)Dearparents,wehopeyouwillwelcomethisnews.Almost100computers(give)tousbyalocalc

12、omputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision(make)thatwewillbeginacomputerteachingexperimentinourschool.Soeveryteacher(provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.sincethen,mostofourcourses(teach)usingcomputer.Alotofinformation(take)fromtheinternettohelpuswithourteaching.Besides,anewcomputerroom

13、(setup)inourschool.WestartedthisexperimenttogetherwiththeCityInformationTechnologyCentre,which(complete)recently.Wehopeyouwillhelpuswiththisexcitingnewdevelopmentinourschool.No7MiddleSchool12/08/20_,Almost100computers(give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision,(make)thatwewillbe

14、ginacomputerteachingexperimentinourschool.Soeveryteacher(provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.Sincethen,mostofourcourses(teach)usingcomputer.Alotofinformation(take)fromtheinternettohelpuswithourteaching.Besides,anewcomputerroom(setup)inourschool.WestartedthisexperimenttogetherwiththeCityIn

15、formationTechnologyCentre,which(complete)recently.Wehopeyouwillhelpuswiththisexcitingnewdevelopmentinourschool.,havebeengiven,hasbeenmade,hasbeenprovided,havebeentaught,hasbeentaken,hasbeensetup,hasbeencompleted,Readingapoem(page21),LookatthewayyourfacehasbeenwashedLookatthewayyourHairhasbeencombedLookatthewayyourshoeshavebeencleanedYoudbetterdothemagainLookatthewayyourflowershavebeenplantedLookatthewayyourthegrasshasbeencutLookatthewayyourpathshavebeensweptIhopethatyoullcomehereagainthingsthat