1、動詞-ed形式作定語 動詞-ed形式作表語 動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語 動詞-ed形式作狀語,Grammar,復習: 分 詞 有關 用 法,一.分詞可分為: (以do為例),(doing),( done),二.現在分詞與過去分詞區(qū)別：,區(qū)別,現在分詞 過去分詞,現在分詞 ( ) 過去分詞 ( ),主動、正在進行,被動、已經完成,復習練習一：根據漢語意思,用所給 動詞的現在分詞或過去分詞填空,a film 動人的電影 a mother 受感動的媽媽,(主動),(被動),a leaf 一片飄落的樹葉 a leaf 一片落葉,(正在進行),(已經完成),moving,moved,1.move,2.

2、fall,falling,fallen,復習練習二: 分詞做表語,定語,賓補用法,她現在好累. 這工作累人.,She is very .,The work is .,1. 表語:,運用現在分詞或過去分詞完整句子,tired,tiring,這就是那只嚇人的老虎. 這就是受了驚嚇的女孩. （ frighten）,This is the tiger.,This is the girl.,2. 1 定語（單個分詞）,frightening,frightened,Can you translate? spoken English ；( ) iced beer ( )；cooked food ( ); f

3、ried chips ( );,一、動詞-ed形式作定語,表示何種意義?,英語口語,冰凍啤酒,熟食,炸土豆條,Think about:,前置的過去分詞作用相當于?,形容詞,被動與完成,但要注意不及物動詞的過去分詞常表示“完成”的動作, 而不表示“被動”意義。如: boiled water(開水); fallen leaves(落葉) the risen sun(升起的太陽)等。,1. The tall man is a returned student 高個子的那個人是個歸國留學生。 2. My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教師。zxxk

4、,(1)前置定語 單個的動詞-ed形式,一般放在被修飾 的名詞的前面, 作前置定語。 The excited people rushed into building. 激動的人們沖進大樓。 (=the people who were excited) Lost time can never be found again 虛度的時光, 無法挽回。 (=time which is lost),(2)后置定語 單個動詞的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能 作后置定語。 1. Everything used should be marked 所有用過的東西應該做好標記。 2. Among the pe

5、ople invited were some ladies 被邀請的人中, 有些是女士。 3. The books left are for my students 剩下的書是給我的學生的。, 動詞-ed形式短語作定語時，通常要放在被修飾的名詞的后面，在意思上相當于一個定語從句。 1. Is there anything planned for tonight? 今晚有什么活動嗎? (=that has been planned for tonight) 2. The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success 這次會議有很多人出席,

6、 開得很成功。 (=which was attended by a lot of people),Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A.invited B. to invite C.being invited D. had been invited,高考題,2) The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B.to be written

7、C. being written D. written,3) The Olympic games, in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing,4) Prices of daily foods through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D.

8、 buyingzxxk,5) Mr. Smith,_ of the speech, started to read a _ novel. A. tired, boring B. tiring, bored C. tired, bored D. tiring, boring,過去分詞作表語并無“完成”或“被動”之意， 而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。如： He looked worried after reading the letter 看完信后, 他顯得很憂慮。 When we heard of it, we were deeply moved 當我們聽到這件事時, 被深深地感動了。 He

9、seemed quite delighted at the idea 聽到這個想法, 他似乎很高興。,二、動詞-ed形式作表語,常見的作表語的過去分詞有: amused(愉快的)； broken(碎了的)；closed(關閉的)； astonished(吃驚的)；crowded(擁擠的)； experienced(有經驗的); delighted(高興的)； lost(丟失的)； gone(遺失的)； disappointed(失望的)；worried(擔憂的)； interested(感興趣的) tired(疲勞的) pleased(高興的)；satisfied(滿意的)； surprise

10、d(吃驚的); married(已婚的)； known(著名的) 等等,作表語的-ed形式可被much, very, quite等所修飾。 I was very pleased at the news 聽了這消息我很高興。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厭倦這工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 聽了這想法他似乎很高興。,Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 2) A

11、s we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed,高考題,3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating,過去分詞作賓補,I found our school changed a lot. I want to get my hair

12、cut tomorrow.,動作已經完成。,被動.,紅色字體作什么語法成分？,.表示？,.表示？,三、動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語,1.表“希望，要求”的動詞以如下結構出現： want, wish, expect, like, order,Our headteacher ordered the classroom clean.,2.表“感覺，心理狀態(tài)”的動詞：,see, hear, feel watch, notice, find,We heard Class6 praise(表揚) by the headmaster yesterday.,People found the water in O

13、ujiang River polluting.,I want the homework hand by Friday.,下列蘭色句中劃線部分單詞用得對嗎？如果不對請改正。,handed,cleaned,praised,polluted,+sth. done,sth (to be) done,3.使役動詞make, get, have, keep +sth. done,I want to get my cell phone to repair tomorrow.,4.介詞短語作賓補 with, without + sth. done.,Do you know the teacher with h

14、is hair cutting short?,They left without their homework finish.,finished,cut,repaired,1) - Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package _, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed,高考題,2) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ wen

15、t wrong again. A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired,Summary:,分詞作前置定語相當于形容詞,作后置定語可變?yōu)槎ㄕZ從句. 作表語表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情. 作賓補分四類:1):感覺和心理狀態(tài) 2)使役動詞3)表示希望、要求、命 令等動詞4) “with+賓語+賓補”,過去分詞做狀語,Warming up What clauses do you know?,1.When it rains, Ill go to school by bus.,時間狀語從句,2.As the day was fine, they de

16、cided to go on a trip.,原因狀語從句,3.If I go to the Great Wall tomorrow, would you like to come along?,條件 狀 語從句,4.Although they did heavy work that day, they were all in high spirits.,讓步狀 語從句,A.現在分詞作狀語學與練,把劃線部分改寫成分詞短語 并說明其功能,1.1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up.,Seeing their teacher, th

17、e students stood up.,*現在分詞動作的發(fā)出者是( ),句子主語,*現在分詞短語作( ),時間狀語,1.2.After they had finished their homework, they went home.,Having finished their homework, they went home.,*現在分詞短語作( ),*Having finished their homework表現的動作在went home( ),故用分詞的( ).,時間狀語,之前,完成式,2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.,Be

18、ing ill, he couldnt go to school.,*現在分詞短語 作原因狀語,3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress.,Working harder at English, you will make greater progress.,*現在分詞短語 作條件狀語,4.Although they felt very tired，they kept running.,*Feeling very tired, they kept running.,現在分詞短語 作讓步狀語,5.The chil

19、dren came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句),*The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking.,*現在分詞短語 作伴隨或方式狀語,*Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom.,*不可改成相應狀語從句,把下列劃線部分改寫成分詞短語, 并說明其功能,B.過去分詞作狀語學與練,1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to

20、 cry.,*Asked why she did it, she began to cry.,*過去分詞短語作時間狀語,*從句的動詞用的是被動語態(tài),*過去分詞的動作由主語承受,2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy.,*Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy.,*過去分詞短語作原因狀語,3.If I am given more time, Ill catch up with you.,*Given more time, Ill cat

21、ch up with you.,*過去分詞短語作條件狀語,4.Although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight.,*Defeated many times, they continued to fight.,=Although defeated many times, they continued to fight.,*過去分詞短語作讓步狀語,*為使狀語含義更加明確，有時在過去分詞前可加上適當連詞,*Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦”

22、),=Once it is used, the car will never be sold again.,*When heated, water turns into steam.,=When water is heated, water turns into steam.,六.分詞短語作狀語須注意的問題:,練習: 判斷正誤并改正,1.Standing at the top of the hill, we can see Shiyan Town.,(),*現在分詞所表示的動作由句子的主語發(fā)出,=When we stand at the top of the hill, we can see

23、Shiyan Town.,2.Seen from the top of the hill, we cansee Shiyan Town.,(),*Seen from the top of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.,*過去分詞表示的動作由句子的主語承受,=when it is seen from the top of the hill, Shiyan Town can be seen clearly.,3.Moved deeply by what he said, so he decided to help the poor girl.

24、,(),*去掉so,*分詞短語作狀語,不能和連詞連用.,Because he was moved deeply by what he said, so he decided to help the poor girl.,( ),4.When visited at night, you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.,(),=When you are visited, you must make sure the visitor is really your friend.,5.The teacher came into the

25、 classroom, following by six students.,(),The teacher came into the classroom, followed by six students.,*過去分詞的動作由主語承受,而現在分詞的動作有主語發(fā)出.,6.Although laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.,(),=Although he was laughed at by others, he didnt give up his hope.,1. While he was watching TV,he heard

26、a knock at the door. 2. If the town is seen from the top of the hill,it looks more beautiful.,Do you know which clause it belongs to ?,時間狀語從句,條件狀語從句,3. As the watch is used for a long time ,it needs repairing . 4. The boy will be blind in both eyes unless he is treated on time. 5. Though he had seen

27、 told many times he couldnt understand it.,原因狀語從句,條件狀語從句,讓步狀語從句,Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.,When the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue.,Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,If these vegetables are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fre

28、sh.,二、探究與體驗： 請觀察下列各組句子之間的變化 關系，并學會模仿。,總結：-ed分詞短語在兩個例句中分別作_、_. 其邏輯主語為_且與分詞之間為_,時間狀語,條件狀語,被動關系/動賓關系,句子的主語,表示原因,表示伴隨情況,表示讓步,Deeply moved, the children began to cry.,As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.,She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.,She walked out of the

29、house, and she was followed by her little daughter.,Beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.,Although he was beaten by the enemy, he refused to let out the secret.,Observe,1. Seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. 2. Moved by the film, he started crying. 3. Heated, wate

30、r changes into steam. 4. Defeated again, he didnt lose heart. 5. The professor went into the courtyard, followed by his wife.,When it is,Because he was,If it is,Although he was,and he was,adverbial 狀語,時間狀語,原因,條件,讓步,伴隨狀語,(When it is) seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. (Because he

31、was) moved by the film, he started crying. (If it is) heated, water changes into steam. (Although he was) defeated again, he didnt lose heart. The professor went into the courtyard, (and he was) followed by his wife.,時間狀語,原因狀語,條件狀語,讓步狀語,伴隨狀語,-ed分詞（短語）作狀語時，也可在其前面加上連詞_等，以便明確作何種狀語。,when, if, once, thou

32、gh, unless,When it is seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball. Because he was moved by the film, he started crying. If it is heated, water changes into steam.,When seen from space, the earth looks like a big blue ball,Because moved by the film, he started crying,If heated, water change

33、s into steam,Summary: the functions of v-ed form as adverbials.,過去分詞(past participles) 或過去分詞短語(past participial phrases) 作狀語是英語中常見的語言現象，可表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。,獨立結構,主語 + 分詞短語 + 主謂結構 (A, C中的主語不同） A C 獨立結構和分詞短語一樣可以用作狀語表時間、原因、條件等。,1. Our homework done, we went home. After our homework was done, we wen

34、t home.,2. Her glasses broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard. Because her glasses is broken, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.,Everything taken into consideration, her plan seems more practicable.,with 引出的獨立結構通常表示伴隨情況或補充說明,有時也具有時間、條件、原因等含義。,with +賓語+現在分詞: 表正在發(fā)生或進行的主動意義 with+

35、 賓語+過去分詞：表已完成的被動意義 I cant concentrate upon my work with the children playing so noisily outside my window. 孩子們在窗外鬧得很厲害，我無法集中精力工作。,With the first point agreed on, we turned our negotiation to another. 第一點取得一致意見后，我們的談判便轉至另一點。,With John working in New York and Lucy traveling most of the week, the house

36、 seems empty.,Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in the box.,1) When _ in spring, the hills are covered with flowers. 2) _ as one of the loveliest places in China, Yunnan is now visited by many tourists.,visited,Known,Practice,3) _ in the streets, we decided to ask for help. 4

37、) _ into a Naxi home, you should accept with pleasure. 5) If _ something you dont want to eat, just refuse politely.,given,Invited,Lost,分詞作狀語和獨立結構的練習,1. (write) in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 2. (be) short of money, they had to spend the night in a small hotel. 3. All things (conside

38、r), he has done his best.,Written,Being,considered,5. The weather (be) so terrible, we had to spend the day at home watching TV. 7. We couldnt help them, (be) so poor ourselves. 8. He rushed off, even (forget) to take his overcoat.,being,being,forgetting,9. Weather (permit), the spaceship will be la

39、unched tomorrow. 10. (give) more time, I could perform my duty more satisfactorily. 11. (judge) from last years experience, the coach knows he should not expect too much of his team.,permitting,Given,Judging,13. I stayed up all night to find a new solution to the problem. trying B. have tried C. try

40、D. tried 14. with the developed countries, some African countries are left far behind in terms of peoples living standard. CompareB. To compare C. ComparedD. Comparing,A,C,15. , the Smiths went out for a swim in the lake. It was hotB. The day was hot C. It is hotD. The day being hot,D,組a、表示時間,Seen from the space, the earth looks blue.,When the earth is seen from space, the earth looks blue.,組b、表示條件,Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,If these vegetables are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.,思考：句中劃線部分表示什么，起什么作用？,二、探究