1、Lesson 4,A Drink in the Passage chai,Teaching Contents,A rhetorical criticism of the text Figuring Race How to interpret the implied meaning? Read in the context,A Rhetorical Criticism of the Text, Figuring Race,Race,Language is not only a communicative device, it also expresses and shapes our world

2、view through the combination of literal and figurative language. Figurative language wither speaks symbolically about the subject or heightens the musicality of the language when speaking about the subject.,Figure Race through Symbol,1. Theme: What kind of Symbolic activity?,How do you understand ti

3、tle “A drink in the passage”? For the white man, van Rensburg, the offer of the drink is the symbol of _. and the insistence in drinking in the passage symbolizes_. Do you think his behavior is purposeful or unconscious? For the black, the white mans invitation is _, the acceptance of the invitation

4、 is _, and drinking in the passage is _. Do they understand each other? How do you understand this symbol?,2. Specific symbols of race,Drink Other social rules Language The response to the award,The symbol of drink,Where to have drink How to have a drink This cognac is wonderful especially in these

5、big glasses. Its the first time Ive had such a glass. Its also the first time Ive drunk a brandy so slowly. In Orlando you develop a throat of iron, and you just put back your head and put it down, in case the police should arrive.,For whites, drink is indispensable part of a sociable party. To drin

6、k in big glasses not only _, but also symbolize _. For black drink is the source of _. For black to drink brandy is _. For the white drinking slowly is _. For the black drinking slowly is _.,清朝段玉裁注：賓主百拜者，酒也；淫酗者，亦酒也。所以，“吉兇所造起”也就是“吉兇由就（酒）起”，意思是好事與壞事都是酒引起的?！熬篇q水，可濟(jì)可覆”。即，酒，既可助善成禮，又可招禍致失；既可成人之美，又可暴人之惡。 因?yàn)?/p>

7、是情誼的象征所以“酒逢知己千杯少”，為了友誼甚至可以“舍命陪君子”；是人際關(guān)系的潤(rùn)滑劑，可以“杯酒釋前嫌”；是靈感的源泉所以宋陸游“傾家釀酒猶嫌少”，唐杜甫“恨不移家向酒泉”. 李白被譽(yù)為“酒仙”，而不是“酒鬼”、“酒囊”，可見“酒”的象征引人而異。,“Black” images in whites,“早期英國(guó)殖民者筆下的非洲黑人婦女形象” 朱凡希 英國(guó)早期的帝國(guó)文本一味體現(xiàn)白人種族的優(yōu)越和不可一世，而漠視殖民他者的抵觸和呼聲。帝國(guó)文本中的非洲黑人婦女被牢牢框定在父權(quán)話語之中：落后、野蠻、不可調(diào)教。事實(shí)上，非洲黑人婦女以絕對(duì)的沉默和屈從為帝國(guó)文本的符號(hào)服務(wù)。,好萊塢電影中的黑人形象,東方網(wǎng)10

8、月14日消息：愛迪梅菲扮演的肥佬教授2雖然賣錢，但角色全都很粗鄙，實(shí)在不討好。 當(dāng)肥佬教授2五周之內(nèi)，過了一億美元的票房，是驚喜還是可怕？當(dāng)美國(guó)黑人在電影文化中愈來愈占有重要的地位，是可喜還是可悲？問題在于黑人所受歡迎中所代表的角色是什么？百分之一百的粗鄙由他們來演繹，然后大受白人觀眾捧場(chǎng)，那只是代表了種族歧視的加深，而不是黑人在美國(guó)的抬頭。 好萊塢電影是粗鄙的文化，要有粗鄙的角色去支撐，黑人是白人心目中的粗鄙代表。愈來愈多的黑人演出電影，并不代表黑人在美國(guó)的地位提升。在某個(gè)層面上，黑人只是作為美國(guó)生活的發(fā)泄品。,墨西哥和美國(guó)這兩個(gè)鄰居近來總是“鬧別扭”。墨總統(tǒng)?？怂骨安痪脛倓偝鲅圆簧魅桥嗣?/p>

9、國(guó)的黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖們，現(xiàn)在又因?yàn)槟]政系統(tǒng)出版了一套印有黑人卡通形象的郵票再次激怒了美國(guó)黑人民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，甚至激怒了白宮。 墨西哥發(fā)行黑人卡通形象新郵票 據(jù)報(bào)道，墨郵政系統(tǒng)近來出版了一套新郵票，郵票上的人物是在墨國(guó)內(nèi)倍受歡迎的黑人卡通形象梅曼平冠。這一形象最初創(chuàng)作于上個(gè)世紀(jì)40年代，是一個(gè)懶惰、未受過正規(guī)教育、喜歡搞一些惡作劇的黑人小男孩卡通形象。,郵票上的黑人形象,西餐喝酒的禮儀,喝酒時(shí)絕對(duì)不能吸著喝，而是傾斜酒杯，像是將酒放在舌頭上似的喝。輕輕搖動(dòng)酒杯讓酒與空氣接觸以增加酒味的醇香，但不要猛烈搖晃杯子。會(huì)喝酒的人飲酒前應(yīng)有禮貌地品下酒，可以先欣賞一下酒的色彩，聞一聞酒香。繼而輕吸口，慢慢

10、品味。不要為顯示自己的海量，舉起舉杯看也不看，便一飲而盡，使酒順著嘴角往下流。 此外,一飲而盡、邊喝邊透過灑杯看人、拿著酒杯邊說話邊喝酒、吃東西時(shí)喝酒、口紅印在酒杯沿上等,都是失禮的行為。 不要用手指擦杯沿上的口紅印,用面巾紙擦較好。,The symbol of other social rules,Where to stay Where to live Where to sit in the theater How to take bus or train “for whites only” When to stay,The Symbol of Language,The symbols of

11、 language,A form of address Language variety Utterance form Diction (Pronoun) Voice Rhetorical form,The form of address,Van Rensburg called Simelane _. What kind of form address it is? (A person with whom one is in close association; an associate). The address is a symbol that _. The usual address T

12、he forms from “The Bench” you swine, you black swine, Must I dirty my hands on scum like you? I will call a police rather than kick a Hotnot like you! “Afrika” “Look at the black ape” 據(jù)美國(guó)有關(guān)部門作的調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)，90%左右的說唱樂歌曲都含有性、暴力等不良內(nèi)容，埃米納姆就是在這類說唱樂熏陶下畸形成長(zhǎng)。他最好的朋友都是黑人，是黑人音樂給了他信心和出路，但這個(gè)恨透了白人的明星仍是不停地把“黑鬼”一詞掛在嘴邊，在他新專輯

13、中“黑鬼”一詞就出現(xiàn)過24次。他歌中的暴力足以讓每個(gè)人震驚。就是LIKE TOY SOLIDER里的那個(gè)DEMO,Language variety,Language variety,南非的官方語言有11種，根據(jù)人口統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查，南非的前五大語言分別是Zulu（30%）,Xhosa（18%）,Afrikaans（14%）, Swati（9%）, English（9%）。 Language variety: a symbol of _. The choice of a language variety is also the symbol of _. Two situations Simelane c

14、hoose language variety EnglishAfrikaans (para. 19) The attitude _. Afrikanns (West Germanic language of South Africa, developed from 17th-century Netherlandic (Dutch) by the descendants of European (Dutch, German, and French) colonists. Afrikaans and English are the only Indo-European languages amon

15、g the many official languages of South Africa. High Afrikaans No “Dankie, my nooi”, nor “Dankie, misses,” (which were considered proper in this context for blacks), nor “English” (for the woman wers speaking Afrikanns), no ordinary Afrikaans, but high Afrikaans “Mevrou” (so polite language that was

16、supposed to be reserved only of the white peple) It shows that _.,utterance,Utterance form,You can understand ones attitude from the way he speaks. Understand the black Speech act Question-answer pronoun,Speech act,Speech act,W: what do you think of that, mate? B: Im looking at it. W: Mate, would yo

17、u like a drink? B: You know we black people must be out of the city by eleven.,Question-answer,Question-answer,On the road. W: Do you know what I wanted to do? B: No. W: Are you educated? B: Yes. W: Far? B: Far. W: Degree? B: Yes. W: Literature? B: Yes. In the passage. WW:,In the passage. WW: “Janni

18、es a good man. Strange, but good. B: I can see that, Mevrou. WW: He goes down every night to look at the statue. . WW: Cant you see, its somehow . B: I can see that, Mevrou.,B 主動(dòng)說話： B：I must go, I must catch that train. B: I must go.,On the way to the station W: What are you thinking? B: Many things

19、. W: Did you see that? B: Yes I saw that.,pronoun,The symbol of pronoun,“You know we black people must be out of the city by eleven Dear white, something you got to know. 親愛的白種人，有幾件事你必須知道。 When I was born, I was black. 當(dāng)我出生時(shí)，我是黑色的 When I grow up, I am black. 我長(zhǎng)大了，我是黑色的 When Im under the sun, Im blac

20、k. 我在陽光下，我是黑色的 When Im cold, Im black. 我寒冷時(shí)，我是黑色的 When Im afraid, Im black. 我害怕時(shí)，我是黑色的 When Im sick, Im black. 我生病了，我是黑色的 When I die, Im still black. 當(dāng)我死了，我仍是黑色的。,“Youyou-white people, 你-白種人 When you were born, you were pink. 當(dāng)你出生時(shí)，你是粉紅色的 When you grow up, you become white. 你長(zhǎng)大了，變成白色的 Youre red unde

21、r the sun. 你在陽光下，你是紅色的 Youre blue when youre cold. 你寒冷時(shí)，你是青色的 You are yellow when youre afraid. 你害怕時(shí)，你是黃色的 Youre green when youre sick. 你生病時(shí)，你是綠色的 Youre gray when you die. 當(dāng)你死時(shí)，你是灰色的 And you, call me color? 而你，卻叫我有色人種？,voice,Voice,Who has the voice in this society? Why van Rensburg is confident in i

22、nviting Simelane to have a drink? Who speak the most of the words?,Rhetorical form,Rhetorical form,Discourse figure: Irony, Synecdoche Metaphor and simile van Rensburgs eyes had been blinded by years in the dark. He was like a man try to run in iron shoes, and not understanding why he cannot move. We devel