1、.1 管道組成件 Piping component1.1 管子 Pipe管子(按照配管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)格制造的其他用管) tube鋼管 steel pipe鑄鐵管 cast iron pipe襯里管 lined pipe復(fù)合管 clad pipe碳鋼管 carbon steel pipe合金鋼管 alloy steel pipe不銹鋼 stainless steel pipe無縫鋼管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接鋼管 welded steel pipe鍍鋅鋼管 galvanized steel pipe熱軋無縫鋼管 hot-rollin

2、g seamless pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡膠管 rubber tube1.2 管件 Fitting彎頭 elbow長(zhǎng)半徑彎頭 long radius elbow短半徑彎頭 short radius elbow45彎頭 45 elbow90彎頭 90 elbow三通 tee異徑三通 reducing tee等徑三通 equal tee45斜三通 45 lateralY型三通（俗稱褲衩） true “Y”四通 cross等徑四通 straight cross異徑四通 reducing cross五、異徑管 reducer同心異徑管 concentric reducer偏心異徑管

3、eccentric reducer管臺(tái)螺紋支管臺(tái) threadolet焊接支管臺(tái) weldolet承插支管臺(tái) sockolet斜接支管臺(tái) latrolet管接頭 coupling, full coupling半管接頭 half coupling異徑管接頭 reducing coupling活接頭 union內(nèi)外螺紋縮接（俗稱補(bǔ)芯） bushing管帽 cap (C)堵頭 plug短節(jié) nipple異徑短節(jié) reducing nipple; swage nipple六、法蘭 Flange (FLG）螺紋法蘭 threaded flange滑套法蘭（包括平焊法蘭） slip-on flange (

4、SO); slip-on welding flange承插焊法蘭 socket welding flange松套法蘭 lap joint flange (LJF)對(duì)焊法蘭 welding neckflange (WNF)法蘭蓋 blind flange, blind孔板法蘭 orifice flange異徑法蘭 reducing flange法蘭密封面，法蘭面 flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face環(huán)連接面 ring joint face全

5、平面；滿平面 flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF)粗糙度 roughness光滑的 smooth七 墊片 Gasket (GSKT)墊片的型式 type of gasket平墊片 flat gasket環(huán)形平墊片 flat ring gasket平金屬墊片 flat metal gasket金屬石墨纏繞墊片 metal graphite spiral wound gaskets石墨墊片 Graphite sheet gasket無石墨壓縮白石棉墊片 non graphited compressed white asbest

6、os gasket天然白橡膠墊片 natural white rubber gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉墊片 PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket內(nèi)環(huán) inner ring外環(huán)，外定位環(huán) outer ring八、閥門 Valve (1）閘閥 gate valve(2) 截止閥 globe valve(3) 節(jié)流閃閥 throttle valve針閥 needle valve(4) 角閥 angle valve(5) Y型閥（Y 型閥體截止閥） Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球閥 ball valve三通球閥 3-way ball

7、valve(7) 蝶閥 butterfly valve對(duì)夾式（薄片型） wafer type8) 柱塞閥 piston type valve(9) 旋塞閥 plug valve(10) 隔膜閥 diaphragm valve(11) 夾緊式膠管閥 pinch valve（用于泥漿、粉塵等）(12) 止回閥 check valve其它用途的閥安全泄氣閥 safety valve (SV)蒸汽疏水閥 steam trap放氣閥（自動(dòng)放氣閥） air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水閥用）平板式滑動(dòng)閘閥 slab type sliding gate

8、valve1.7 管道特殊件 Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（組件）粗濾器 strainer過濾器 filter臨時(shí)粗濾器（錐型） temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗濾器 y-type strainerT型粗濾器 T-type strainer永久過濾器 permanent filter絲網(wǎng)粗濾器 gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower視鏡 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester噴嘴；噴頭 spray nozzle取樣冷卻器 sample cooler消聲器 silen

9、cer膨脹節(jié) expansion joint波紋膨脹節(jié) bellow expansion joint單波 single bellow雙波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow壓力平衡式膨脹節(jié) pressure balanced expansion帶鉸鏈膨脹節(jié) hinged expansion joint軸向位移型膨脹節(jié) axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨脹節(jié)（外加強(qiáng)環(huán)）self-equalizing expansion joint帶接桿膨脹節(jié) tied expansion joint萬向型膨脹節(jié) universal type

10、 expansion joint球形補(bǔ)償器 ball type expansion joint填函式補(bǔ)償器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint單向滑動(dòng)填料函補(bǔ)償器 single actionpacked slip joint九 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element軟管接頭 hose connection (HC)快速接頭 quick coupling金屬軟管 metal hose橡膠管 rubber hose撓性管 flexible tube鞍形補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板 reinforcing saddles補(bǔ)強(qiáng)板 reinforcement pa

11、d特殊法蘭 special flange漏斗 funnel排液環(huán) drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板 blank墊環(huán) spacer8字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板 restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk十 端部連接 End Connection法蘭端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)對(duì)焊端 butt welded end平端 plain end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺紋端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊

12、接端 welding end法蘭連接（接頭） flanged joint對(duì)焊連接（接頭） butt welded joint螺紋連接，管螺紋連接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint錐管螺紋密封焊連接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint承插焊連接（接頭） socket welded joint承插連接（接頭） bell and spigot joint環(huán)墊接頭 ring joint (RJ)法蘭式的 flanged (FLGD)對(duì)焊的 butt welded (BW)螺紋的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 sock

13、et welded (SW)小端為平的 small end plain (SEP)大端為平的 large end plain (LEP)兩端平 both ends plain (BEP)小端帶螺紋 small end thread (SET)大端帶螺紋 large end thread (LET)兩端帶螺紋 both end thread (BET)一端帶螺紋 one end thread (OET)支管連接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用緊固件及螺紋2.1 緊固件螺栓 bolt六角頭

14、螺栓 hexagonal head bolt方頭螺栓 square head bolt螺柱，雙頭螺栓 stud bolt環(huán)頭螺檢 eye bolt沉頭螺栓 countersunk (head) screw地腳螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt松緊螺旋扣（花籃螺絲） turnbuckleU形螺栓 U-boltT形螺栓 T-bolt圓頭螺釘 round head bolt機(jī)螺栓，機(jī)螺釘 maehine bolt螺母 nut六角螺母 hexagonal nut方螺母 square nut墊圈 washer平墊圈 plain washer球面墊圈 spherical was

15、her彈簧墊圈 spring washer方墊圈 square washer斜墊圈 slant washer2.2 螺紋美國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)錐管螺紋 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)NPTF(內(nèi)絲)NPTM(外絲)3 材料、型鋼及填料3.1 金屬材料3.1.1 黑色金屬 Ferrous Metal碳素鋼 carbon steel (CS)低碳鋼 low-carbon steel中碳鋼 medium-carbon steel高碳鋼 high-carbon steel普通碳素鋼 general carbon steel優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素鋼 high-quality ca

16、rbon steel普通低合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼 general structure low-alloy steel合金結(jié)構(gòu)鋼 structural alloy steel合金鋼 alloy steel低合金鋼 low alloy steel 中合金鋼 medium alloy steel高合金鋼 high alloy steel耐熱鋼 heat resisting steel高強(qiáng)度鋼 high strength steel復(fù)合鋼 clad steel工具鋼 tool steel彈簧鋼 spring steel鉬鋼 molybdenum steel鎳鋼 nickel steel鉻鋼 chromium st

17、eel鉻鉬鋼 chrome-molybdenum steel鉻鎳鋼 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不銹鋼 stainless steel (S.S.)奧氏體不銹鋼 Austenitic stainless steel馬氏體不銹鋼 Martensitic stainless steel司特來合金（鎢鉻鈷臺(tái)金） Stellite耐蝕耐熱鎳基合金 Hastelloy鉻鎳鐵合金 inconel耐熱鉻鎳鐵合金 incoloy20合金 20 alloy平爐鋼（馬丁鋼） Martin steel鎮(zhèn)靜鋼 killed steel半鎮(zhèn)靜鋼 semi-kille

18、d steel沸騰鋼 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel鍛鋼 forged steel鑄鋼 cast steel鑄鐵 cast iron (C.I.)灰鑄鐵 grey cast iron可鍛鑄鐵 malleable iron (MI)球墨鑄鐵 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron生鐵 pig iron熟鐵，鍛鐵 wrought iron鑄件 casting高硅鑄鐵 high silicon cast iron3.1.3 有色金屬Non-ferrous Metal鋁 aluminum銅，紫銅 copper黃銅

19、 brass青銅 bronze鋁青銅 aluminum bronze磷青銅 phosphor bronze鋁鎂合金 aluminum magnesium錳青銅 manganese bronze蒙乃爾（注：鎳及銅合金） Monel鎳銅臺(tái)金 nickel copper alloy非鐵合金 nonferrous alloy鈦 titanium鉛 lead硬鉛 hard lead3.3 型材型鋼 shaped steel, section steel, swage角鋼 angle steel槽鋼 channel工字鋼 I-beam寬緣工字鋼或H鋼 wide flanged beamT型鋼 T-bar方

20、鋼 square bar扁鋼 flat bar角鋼 hexagonal steel bar圓鋼 round steel; rod鋼帶 strap steel鋼板 plate4 管道等級(jí)及材料統(tǒng)計(jì)4.1 管道材料規(guī)定 Piping Material Specification管道等級(jí) piping class; piping classification管道等級(jí)號(hào) class designation公稱直徑 nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公稱壓力 nominal pressure (PN)壓力級(jí)，等級(jí)，類別 class (CL)低壓 low

21、pressure (L.P.)中壓 medium pressure (M.P.)高壓 high pressure (H.P.)大氣壓 atmosphere (ATM)真空 vacuum工作壓力 operating pressure; working pressure設(shè)計(jì)壓力 design pressure工作溫度 operating temperature設(shè)計(jì)溫度 design temperature環(huán)境溫度 ambient temperature腐蝕裕量 corrosion allowance管道附件 piping attachment管道元件 piping element壁厚 wall t

22、hickness (WT)壁厚系列號(hào) schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加強(qiáng)的 extra heavy, extra strong雙倍加厚的，雙倍加強(qiáng)的 double extra heavy, double extra strong4.2 材料統(tǒng)計(jì) Material Take-off (MTO)匯總表 summary sheet材料表 bill of material (BM)綜合管道材料表 consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS)統(tǒng)計(jì)材料準(zhǔn)確度 accuracy of take-off材料情況報(bào)告 mate

23、rial status report (MSR)散裝材料 bulk material編位號(hào)的 itemized代碼 code number短代碼 short code數(shù)量 quantity (QTY)重力 weight凈重 net weight毛重 gross weight5.7 圖面標(biāo)注絕對(duì)標(biāo)高 abselute elevation海平面標(biāo)高 over-sea mean level (OSL)標(biāo)高，立面 elevation (EL)混凝土頂面 top of concrete架頂面 top of support (TOS)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)頂面 top of steel梁項(xiàng)面 top of beam (T

24、OB)支撐點(diǎn) point of suppon (POS)管頂 top of pipe (TOP)管底 bouom of pipe (BOP)溝底 boaom of trench管子內(nèi)底 invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平 flat on bottom (FOB)頂平 flat on top (FOT)工作點(diǎn) working point (W.P.)面至面 face to face (F-F)中心至端面 center to end (C-E)中心至面 center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中 center to center (C-C)坐標(biāo) coo

25、rdinate坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn) origin of coordinate出口中心線 center line of discharge入口中心線 center line of suction中心線 centerline (CL)5.8 相關(guān)專業(yè)的專業(yè)詞匯5.8.1 工藝(1) 圖及表流程圖 flow diagram工藝流程圖 process flow diagram (PFD)管道及儀表流程圖 piping andinstrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程圖 utility flow diagram (UFD)管線表 line list; line schedule命名表；管

26、道表 nomenclature設(shè)備表 equipment list (schedule)(2) 流體 fluid空氣 air儀表空氣 instrument air工藝空氣 process air低壓蒸汽 low pressure steam中壓蒸汽 medium pressure steam高壓蒸汽 high pressure steam伴熱蒸汽 tracing steam飽和蒸汽 saturated steam過熱蒸汽 superheated steam氧氣 oxygen氫氣 hydrogen氮?dú)?nitrogen燃料氣 fuel gas天然氣 natural gas火炬氣 flare ga

27、s酸性氣 sour gas液化石油氣 liquefired petroleum gas (LPG)氨氣 ammonia gas冷卻水 cooling循環(huán)水 circulating water鍋爐給水 boiler feed water熱水 hot water蒸汽冷凝水 steam condensate鹽水 brine工藝水 process water化學(xué)污水 chemical sewage防腐劑 corrosion inhibitor重油 heavy oil石腦油 naphtha燃料油 fuel oil潤(rùn)滑油 lubricating oil密封油 sealing oil冷凍劑 refriger

28、ant載熱體 heating medium溶劑 solvent溶液 solution母液 mother liquor單體 monomer聚合物 polymer均聚物 homopolymer共聚物 copolymer工藝液體 process liquid工藝氣體 process gas硫酸 sulphuric acid鹽酸 chlorhydric acid硝酸 nitric acid燒堿 caustic soda8 隔熱、隔聲玻璃棉 glass woo1巖棉 rock wool聚氨酯；聚氨基甲酸酯 polyurethane泡沫玻璃 foam glass; cellular glass9 防腐、涂

29、漆及腐蝕種類防腐漆 anti-corrosive paint; rush-proof paint涂漆 painting涂層；覆蓋層 coating底漆 primary coat; bottom coat面漆 finishing coat顏色 colour (color)淡（淺）色的；輕的 light深色的 dark紅色的 red藍(lán)色的 blue黃色的 yellow綠色的 green紫色的 purple棕色的；褐色的 brown橙色的 orange colour灰色的 grey (gray)表面處理 surface preparation10 焊接 Welding10.1 焊接種類 Variet

30、ies of Welding電弧焊 arc welding電熔焊 electric fusion welding (EFW)氣熔焊 fusion gas welding (FGW)電阻焊 electric resistance welding (ERW)有保護(hù)的金屬電弧焊 shielded metal arc welding (SMAW)手工或自動(dòng)隋性氣體保護(hù)鎢極電弧焊 manual and automatic inert gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW)自動(dòng)埋弧焊 automatic submerged arc welding金屬極隋性氣體保護(hù)電弧焊 gas m

31、etal arc weiding (GMAW)氬弧焊 argon-arc welding，氣體保護(hù)電弧焊 gas-shielded arc welding氣焊 gas welding; flame welding等離子焊 plasma welding硬釬焊 braze welding電渣焊 electroslag welding爆炸焊 explosive welding10.2 焊接形式 Type of Welding角焊 fillet welding間斷焊 intermittent welding點(diǎn)焊 spot welding對(duì)焊 butt welding搭焊 lap welding塞焊 plug welding珠焊 bead welding槽焊 slot welding堆焊 build up welding墊板焊 backing weld坡口 grooveV形坡口 V groove單面U形坡口 single U grooveK形坡口 double bevel grooveX形坡口 double V groove雙面U形坡口 double U grooveU-V組合坡口 combination U and V groove根部間隙 root gap焊接符號(hào) symbol of weld錯(cuò)邊量 alignment