1、專題-形容詞、副詞,形容詞和副詞2,高考試題側(cè)重考查以下幾點：,*形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級。,*形容詞、副詞和它的近義詞辨析。,*與其他詞類搭配時形容詞和副詞的位置。,*以字母a開頭的表語形容詞的位置及語法功能。,*不用very修飾的形容詞及very與much的區(qū)別。,幾乎每年考題中都會考幾道形容詞或副詞的內(nèi)容，請大家千萬 不要掉以輕心！,我們還是先來做幾道全真考題吧，看看你的程度如何？,基礎(chǔ)篇 1.-Mum, I think Im _ to get back to school. -Not really, my dear . Youd better stay at home for an

2、other day or two. A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough 2. Wait till you are more _. Its better to be sure than sorry.(NMET97) A. inspired B. satisfied C. calm D. certain,根據(jù)題意,指身體好應(yīng)該用形容詞well,答案只能在A 和 C 中選 擇。so well要和that從句連用，而well enough與動詞不等式連用，故答案為C。,根據(jù)第二句的意思，certain“有依據(jù),確信”的意思，和sure

3、意思相 近,故答案為D。,3.Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _ known for his plays. A. the best B. more C. better D. the most 4.- Are you satisfied with her answer? -Not at all. It couldnt have been_. A. worse B. so bad C. better D. the worst 5.If the manager had to choose between the tw

4、o, he would say John was _ choice. A. good B. the best C. better D. the better,根據(jù)題意,已給出some short stories 和his plays 這一特定的語境, 表示兩者之間的比較 級。well known是一慣用詞組,意為“眾所 周 知的”,well 的比較級為better,故答案為C。,本題根據(jù)答句中的 not at all,可知意為一點 也不滿意，那么后 半句再進(jìn)一步,“不可能更 糟了”，有比較意味，所以選A 。,根據(jù)題意,應(yīng)在C和D中選擇，在比較級中，表 示“兩者中較 為.”時，通常在比較級前加上

5、定冠詞，所以答案為D。,加強篇 1.Its believed that _ you work, _ result youll get. A.the harder; the better B.the more hard; the better C.the harder; a better D.more hard; more better 2.The book is _of the two. _we read, the more we want to read. A. by far better; The more B. by far better, The less C. by far the

6、better; The more D. by far the better; The less 3.It is careless _ the same mistake in your homework. A. for you to make B. for you making C. of you to make D. of you making,.“the+比較級, the+比較級”表示“越.就越 .”。 單音節(jié)詞hard的 比較級是harder，所以答案為A。,答案選C。by far可以用來修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高 級，以加強語氣。,It is careless of you to m

7、ake.= you are careless to make.。在此句 型中，形容詞常用kind,goood,stupid,clever,cruel,rude,wrong,right, wise,foolish等表示表揚 或批評的詞匯。答案為C。,4.If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 5.It was _late to catch a

8、bus after the party, therefore we called a taxi. A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far,本題省略了與“有考試的學(xué)校生活”相比較的狀語從句。兩者之間比較，用比較級。答案在 B或D中選擇。而more不能再修飾形容詞的比較級，much可修飾比較級，所以答案為D.,too和very不可連在一起使用。far用作副詞修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級。這樣A 和D均為錯誤的。too much通常位于動詞之后修飾動詞，而much too則常修飾形 容詞和副詞，故答案為 B.,6.The cost of living in

9、Shanghai is _in any other city in China. (94年上海高考試題) A.still higher than that B.very higher than that C.still higher than one D.very higher than one,that代替the cost of living。B項也是錯誤的，因為very不能修飾比較級，答案為A。,要點例析：,1.The more . the more . 結(jié)構(gòu)，即 the + 形容詞或副詞比較級，the+ 形容詞或副詞比較級“, 意為”越.就越.“。 一般前者為從句， 表示條件；后者為主句

10、，表示結(jié)果。 注意與more and more結(jié)構(gòu)的 意義差別，后者意為越來越.例如：Things got worse and worse. 事情變得越來越壞。和more有關(guān)的常用詞組:,*more B than A 與其說A不如說B She was more sad than angry when her son lied again. 當(dāng)她的兒子再次說謊時，與其說她憤怒還不如說是悲傷。,*no more than 與一樣，不比多 Im no more satisfied than she is. 我和她一樣不滿意,*more than 不只是，非常 Her performance was

11、more than good; it was perfect. 她的表演非常好，可以說是完美的。,2.在形容詞、副詞比較級的前面可用：a bit, a little, rather, much, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even修飾來表示比 較的程度。 還可以用表示倍數(shù)的詞或度量名詞作修飾語。 以上詞(除by far) 外，必須置于比較級形容詞或副詞的前面。,*3.相比較的人或事物必須屬同類。有時，為了避免重復(fù)，常用 that/those代替上文出現(xiàn)的名詞，具有特指意義。that一般代替 不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

12、，those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞。比如：,*形容詞最高級前通常必須用定冠詞 the，副詞最高級前可不用。 形容詞most前面沒有the，不表示最高級的含義，只表示“非?！?。,* very可修飾最高級，但位置與much不同。不能修飾比較級 This is the very best. This is much the best,* 序數(shù)詞通常只修飾最高級。 Africa is the second largest continent.,形容詞:,1.基本用法: 可做 1)定語(放在名詞前); 2)表語(放在系動詞后); 3)賓語補足語; 4)the+形容詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞 1)Jim is a dilige

13、nt boy. 2)John is honest and warm-hearted. Father got angry when he heard the news. 3)You must keep the room clean. Dont leave the door open. 4) The young are energetic and enthusiastic.,常用系動詞: 表判斷或狀態(tài)的：be look seem sound smell taste feel appear 表變化的：become turn get grow go come 常接形容詞做賓補的詞 make / Kee

14、p/ Leave/ find/feel/consider/think ( it) +adj Eg: make me happy / make the room dirty keep the desk tidy leave the door open I consider him honest. He thinks it unnecessary to learn English.,表語形容詞 通常只作表語的形容詞有：well ,alone ,ashamed ,glad ,sure ,unable , asleep ,awake , alive ,alike , afraid等。 上述形容詞不能作

15、前置定語，但alive , asleep可作后置定語。如： He is the greatest poet alive .,2.多個形容詞作定語時的排列順序 如果兩個以上的形容詞修飾一個名詞時，與被修飾的名詞關(guān)系較密切的形容詞靠近名詞；如果幾個形容詞的密切程度差不多，則音節(jié)少的形容詞在前，音節(jié)多的在后。如：a small beautiful room。 常用的順序為： 限定詞(those) + 數(shù)量形容詞(three) + 描繪性形容詞(beautiful) + 大小、長短、高低等形體性形容詞(large) + 新舊(old) + 顏色(brown) + 國籍 + 材料(wood) + 被修飾

16、名詞(table),3.表示形容詞原級的句型： 雙方相等時， 用句型“.as+形容詞原級+as.” / “.the same （+名詞）+as .” Eg: He is as intelligent as his sister. He has the same intelligence as his sister. He is as intelligent a student as his sister.,雙方不相等時， 用句型“.not so / as+形容詞原級+as.” / “.be different from.” Learning English is not so hard as

17、learning Russia. English is not so difficult a subject as Russia.,一方是另一方的若干倍時， 表示倍數(shù)的結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種： 1 .A is three (four , etc .) times/half/one third the size (height , length)of B .如： Their library is twice the size of ours . 2 .A is three (four , etc .)times/half/one third as big (high , long)as B .如： Th

18、e new bridge is three times as long as the old one . 3 .A is three (four , etc .)times/half/one third bigger (higher , longer)than B .如： Your school is three times bigger than ours .,4. 表示形容詞比較級的句型： 1)表示一方超過另一方時，用“形容詞比較級 +than.”，而且可以用much , even, a lot, any, still, a bit, a little, a great deal , ti

19、mes, %,far, by far等副詞修飾形容詞比較級； The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year. Is this hotel any better than the one we lived in last time?,2)表示一方不如另一方時，用“.less+形容詞原級 +than.”； I admit that I am less brave than you. He is less nervous than you. 3). “The more. the more.”（越就越）， 如：The h

20、arder he works, the happier he feels. 4).more and more越來越 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful and richer and richer.,5). more. than與其說倒不如說 It is more like a wall than a spear. They are more like father and son than teacher and student. Smith is more diligent than intelligent. 6). not+比較級

21、 純表示比較 no+比較級 含有對兩者的否定 I am not better at English than you. I am no better at English than you. (Imply :Neither you nor I am good at English.),對以上句型要特別注意在具體語言環(huán)境中的靈活運用。例如： What do you think of his voice? I dont think I have ever heard a better voice. 該對話的答語以比較級的形式表達(dá)了最高級的含義，意思等于“I think his voice is t

22、he best”。 The trip could not have been better. The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. The Changjiang River is longer than any river in Korea.,注意: 形容詞 修飾不定代詞時放在后面. Eg: I didnt get anything valuable from the speech. If you listen carefully, you will find something new.,副詞用法,用做狀語

23、,修飾動詞,形容詞,副詞,詞組,或整個句子. 1.They listened to the teacher attentively and took notes every now and then. 2. The ticket is terribly expensive. 3.I like English very much. 4. He is really a good man. 5.Obviously,he is telling a lie. Actually/luckily/generally/unfortunately etc常用來修飾句子.,注意: 1.名詞+ly構(gòu)成形容詞;形容詞

24、+ly構(gòu)成副詞 friendly, lovely, lively, homely, manly (形容詞) friendlily, livelily, happily (副詞) 2.fast,early,straight,close既是形容詞又是副詞,不加ly. He runs fast. Can you give me a fast answer?,兩種副詞形式的比較 有些常用副詞，兩種形式，意義不同。如： close 接近（指距離） closely 仔細(xì)地；密切地 free 免費 freely 自由地；自如地 deep 深 deeply 深刻地 hard 努力地 hardly 幾乎不 wi

25、de 寬 widely 廣泛地 high 高 highly 高度地 late 晚；遲 lately 近來 most 最 mostly 主要地；絕大多,練習(xí):,1. (北京卷)23. This _ girl is Linds cousin. A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish 形容詞順序,2. （山東卷）28.Mr. Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have eve

26、r met. A. largerB. a largerC. the largerD. a large,3. (廣東卷)27. John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies. A. very B. far C. more D. still 副詞,4.（湖北卷）28What a table ! Ive never seen such a thing before .It is_ it is long. Ahalf not as wide as Bwide not as half as Cnot half as wide as Das wid

27、e as not half,5. (江蘇卷)22. - How is everything going on with you in Europe? -Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped, _. A. though B. instead C. either D. too,6. (江蘇卷)28. David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed. A. the most B. more C. worse

28、 D. the least,7. （全國卷3）6Is your headache getting_? No, its worse. Abetter BBad Cless Dwell 8. (江西卷)34Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? Of course . You can never be _ careful with that . Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery,9. （上海卷）41. There was such long queue for coffee at the interval that we _ gave up. A

29、. eventually B. unfortunately C. generouslyD. purposefully,10. （上海卷）44. At times, worrying is a normal, _ response to a difficult event or situation - a loved one being injured in an accident, for example. A. effective B. individual C. inevitable D. unfavorable,11. （浙江卷）13. My mother always gets a b

30、it _ if we dont arrive when we say we will. Aanxious Bashamed Cweak Dpatient,12. （浙江卷）18. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen _ this year. Athe bestBBetter Cthe most DMore 13.（天津卷）6.If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfo

31、rtable,14.（安徽卷）31. John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as,1.This year they have produced _grain _ they did last year. A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than 2.The piano in the other shop will be _,but _.(NMET90) A. cheaper, not as better B. more cheaper, not as better C. cheaper, not as good D. more cheap, not as good 3. She told us _ stories that we all forg