1、Words and Expressions,必修四 Unit 1,1. achievement /n./成就，功績,a sense of achievement 成就感 u. achieve v. 實現(xiàn)-achievement n. 成就 realise/achieve ones dream excite v. 使興奮-excitement n. 興奮 govern v. 管理-government n. 政府 argue v. 爭吵-argument n.爭吵，爭論 treat v. 對待-treatment n. 對待,2. campaign /n./ 運動；戰(zhàn)役; /v./作戰(zhàn),a ca

2、mpaign for 為了的運動 a campaign against 反對的運動 eg. They started a campaign for equal rights. 他們發(fā)起了一項爭取平等權利的運動。 (2) vi. 參加運動；作戰(zhàn)； campaign for 參加爭取的運動 campaign against 參加反對的運動,3.condition /n.C/條件; /n.U/ 狀況，狀態(tài)；,身體健康是獲得成功的條件之一。 Heath is one of the most important conditions of achieving success. be in good/po

3、or/excellent condition 處于好的/差的/極棒的狀態(tài)中 She is often in top condition. Im really out of condition.,4.behave/v./ 舉動；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn),eg.Im sorry about last night-I behaved like a child. 對不起，昨天晚上我表現(xiàn)得太幼稚了。 eg.Behave yourself, young man. 年輕人，規(guī)矩些！ (1) behave oneself 守規(guī)矩，表現(xiàn)得體； (2) well-behaved /adj./ 表現(xiàn)好的 badly-be

4、haved /adj./ 表現(xiàn)差的,3.behave/v./舉動；（舉止或行為）表現(xiàn),u behaviour /n./ 舉止；行為；習性； eg.The boy was well-behaved at the banquet and everyone praised his proper behaviour. 這個男孩在宴會上表現(xiàn)很好，因此每個人都表揚他恰當?shù)呐e止. behave oneself 守規(guī)矩 behave well/badly (towards sb.) (對某人)態(tài)度/舉止好/惡劣 be on ones best behavior 舉止規(guī)矩,4.devote/vt./把.奉獻，把

5、專用于,1)devote oneself /sth. to (doing) sth. 獻身于；致力于 He devotes himself to finishing the task. She devotes all her time to her family. 2) devoted (adj.) 深愛的，全心全意的，忠實的 a devoted friend She is devoted to her family. 她深愛她的家庭。,5.whorthwile /adj./ 值得的，值得做的,辨析 worthwhile/worth/worthy worthwhile （可作定語和表語） a

6、worthwhile experiment The experiment is worthwhile. It is worthwhile to do sth./ doing sth. It is worthwhile to do the job. doing the job.,worthwhile /adj./ 值得的，值得做的,*worth - be worth (doing) sth. The book is _.,well worth reading,= It is worthwhile to read the book.,be worthy of being done. =be wor

7、thy to be done.,The job is worthy of being done. to be done.,6. observe/vt./觀察，觀測，遵守,(1) 觀察； observe sb. do sth. 觀察某人做某事（全過程） observe sb. doing sth. 觀察某人正在做某事 (2) 遵守； observe the traffic rules 遵守交通規(guī)則 (3) 慶祝;observe the Spring Festival / Christmas 拓展： observation n. 觀察，觀測；,observe an anniversary 慶祝周年

8、紀念 observer /n./ 觀察者;觀測者;遵守者 observation /n./觀測，監(jiān)測，觀察，觀察力 under observation 在觀察中;在監(jiān)視中 Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still _the traditional customs. perform B. possess C. observe D. support 解析: observe在此句中意為“遵守,奉行(法律、協(xié)議或習俗等)”。句意為：盡管在國外居住了這么多年，許多中國人仍然遵循著傳統(tǒng)的風俗習慣。,C,7. respect /v./尊

9、重，敬意,respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人 eg. 我深深地敬佩他的勇氣。 I deeply respect him for his courage. =I deeply respect his courage. /n./ show/have respect for sb. 尊敬某人 eg. 人們向這位殘疾女孩表示敬意。 The people show/have respect for the disabled girl. out of respect 出于尊重 out of curiosity/kindness/pity/interest/fear respectf

10、ul /adj. /恭敬的，表示敬意的；,respect /n./方面,with respect to 關于，就來說 in some respects 在某些方面 in every respect/in all respects 在各方面 out of respect for sb. 出于對某人的尊敬 without respect to不考慮；不管,8. argue/v./ 討論，辯論，爭論,argue with sb. about /over sth.和某人爭吵某事 We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal. argue f

11、or 為而辯論 argue against 為反對而辯論 The workers argued for the right for the strike. Some people argue against the free trade. argue that-clause 主張,辨析argue/quarrel/discuss,argue常用作不及物動詞，后面常接介詞后才能加賓語。意為“辯論，爭論”,有企圖說服對方的含義。They argued about the case for hours. quarrel 意為“爭吵，吵架”,側重以“口角”的方式爭執(zhí)； discuss 意為“討論”,為及

12、物動詞，后直接加賓 語，指為了解決問題或弄清對方的觀點而商量；,9. entertainment/n./款待，娛樂； 娛樂表演,We warmly gave an entertainment to the foreign guests. entertain/v./ 款待，招待 ；娛樂，助興 entertaining /adj./ 有趣的，使人愉快的 entertain sb. with sth. 用招待/款待某人 The child entertained himself with building blocks.,10. inspire/vt./鼓舞，激發(fā)，啟示,inspire sb. to

13、 do sth. 激發(fā)某人去做某事 Eg. His spirit inspires us to work hard to achieve more in our life. inspiration (n.) 靈感 inspiring (adj.) 鼓勵人的 inspired (adj.) 有創(chuàng)作力的,11. support /n. 形容聽（觀眾）人數(shù)之多或少，通常用big, large, huge, mass, vast, wide 以及small, thin 等形容詞修飾，但不用many, few修飾； an audience 不是指“一個觀眾”，而是指某一群觀眾、某一個場次觀眾、某一方面的

14、觀眾等；,13.intend /vt./計劃，打算,intend to do/doing sth. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 sth.be intended for 某物是為而準備的 intend sb./sth.to do sth.想要某人/物去做某事 intend that-clause 打算 had intended to do sth./ intended to have done sth.本來打算做某事,14. emergency/n./ 突發(fā)事件，緊急情況,Its an emergency! 情況緊急！ He was always prepared for any

15、 unforeseen event of emergency. 他時刻為無法預料的緊急事件做好準備。 a state of emergency 緊急狀態(tài) in an emergency 遇緊急情況時,15. considerate/v./考慮； /adj./考慮周到的,consideration /n./考慮 in consideration of.考慮到，顧及 o consideration考慮到;體諒 be under consideration在考慮中，在審議中 give consideration to sth./give sth.,consider /v./考慮；認為

16、 consider doing sth.考慮某事 be considered to be/as. 被認為；被看作,16. deliver/vt./遞送，生（小孩） 發(fā)表（演說等）,deliver a baby 助產(chǎn)，接生 deliver sth. to sb. 把某物遞送給某人 delivery /n./傳送 He is delivering a speech in English. Would you please deliver my message to your mother?,1.human being 人,一個人 a human being 人類 human beings eg.

17、This is an invention that benefits human beings eg. We should make greater contributions to human beings. 拓展：man/ mankind 人類 （其前都不加冠詞，都是u.其后謂語v.用單三）,2.move off 離開，啟程，出發(fā),When we got to the station, the train had moved off. move on 繼續(xù)前進/進行 move out 遷出；搬出 move in 遷進；搬進 move away 搬走,3. lead a.life 過著.的生

18、活,lead to 通向；導致 lead in 導入；引進 I feel like leading a simple life. This road leads to our school.,4. crowd in （想法、問題等）涌上心頭,crowd in (on sb.) / crowd into ones mind (想法、問題等）涌上心頭，涌入腦海 crowd out (常用被動)擠出；排擠在外 crowd around/round(sb./sth.) 聚集在（某人/某物周圍） crowd into 涌入，擠進. a crowd of 一群，眾多 be crowded with 擠滿,

19、5. look down upon/on 蔑視，瞧不起,反義：look up to sb.尊敬某人 No one likes to be looked down upon. look round/ about 四處查看，尋找 look after 照顧，照看（人或事物） look ahead 向前看 look forward to 期待，盼望 look into 調(diào)查，檢查,look out 向外看；注意，小心 look through 檢查，審視；快速查看，瀏覽 look up 查找，查閱；向上看 look on 旁觀 look on. as. 把看作/視為. look back 回顧,6.

20、refer to 查閱，參考，談到,refer to .as . 把稱作 refer .to.把提交給(以求獲得幫助) (2)reference /n./言及；提及；參考；查閱 in/with reference to 關于 without reference to 與無關；不管,7. by chance 碰巧，湊巧,by accident 碰巧 on purpose 故意地，有意地 by design 故意 By chance he found the very book he was alwa,8. come across （偶然）遇見；碰見,How come? 為什么？怎么會？怎么搞的？

21、 come about 發(fā)生 come along 一起來；一道走 come down to 下垂到；達到；流傳下來 come on 得啦；快點,come out 出來；出版；開花 come to 達到；總計為；結果是 come to oneself (昏迷后)蘇醒過來；恢復理性 come up 上來；(從土中)長出，發(fā)芽 come up with 提出；想出 come true 實現(xiàn),9. carry on 繼續(xù)，堅持,carry on with/doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 carry off 贏得；獲得(獎品、榮譽等) carry out 實行；執(zhí)行；進行；履行(諾言、義務等) ca

22、rry through 幫渡過(難關等)；維持；完成,2)The meal over, the managers went back to the meeting room to _ their discussion. A. put away B. take down C. look over D. carry on 解析 put away收好,放好, take down寫下,記下; look over從上面看；查看,檢查; carry on繼續(xù)。 句意：吃完飯,經(jīng)理們回到會議室繼續(xù)討論。,D.,. 句型透視,1.Only after her mother came to help her f

23、or the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母親頭幾個月來幫她的忙，這才使她得以開始自己的計劃。 此句是only引導的一個倒裝句。當only修飾副詞 、介詞短語或狀語從句，且放在句首時,主句必須用部分倒裝結構。 (1)否定副詞(詞組)never，nor, hardly, little， seldom, by no means等置于句首時,句子要用部分倒裝結構。,. 句型透視,Never before have I seen such a moving film. 我從來沒有看過這樣感人的電影。 By no mean

24、s will we give in to them. 我們決不會向他們讓步。 (2)so 或 neither/nor表示前者的情況也適用于另一人或物時,其句型為“so/neither/nor + be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+另一主語”。so指肯定情況，意為“也是如此”,neither/nor適用于前者是否定的情況,意為“也不這樣”。,. 句型透視,Lily cant ride, neither/nor can Lucy. 莉莉不會騎車，露西也不會。 注意 如果句意不是“也是如此”,而僅是對前面內(nèi)容的肯定或附和(此時的so=indeed)，那么句子不可使用倒裝語序。 You forgot to ta

25、ke your key with you again! 你又忘記帶鑰匙了！ Oh, my god. So I did! 噢，我的天哪，我確實忘了帶！,. 句型透視,3)so+ adj./adv.+that.引導的結果狀語從句結構中, so+adj./adv.置于句首時，句子須用部分倒裝。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood. 他英語講得如此清晰，以致于別人總能理解他意思。 注意 that引導的句子不倒裝。,. 句型透視,(4)在非真實條件句中可省略if,把were, had, should 提到句首構成部分倒裝結構。 Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.若明天下雨，我們就不去爬山了。,. 句型透視,2.Once I stop, i