1、賓語從句 The Object Clause,1. He said, “I am good at swimming.” 2. He asked me, “ Do you often go to school on foot?” 3. He asked me, “When will you come back?”,He said (that) he was good at swimming.,He asked me if/whether I often went to school on foot.,He asked me when I would come back.,一、賓語從句的概念,在復(fù)

2、合句中用作賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。 賓語從句不僅可以用作及物動詞的賓語， 也可作介詞或某些形容詞的賓語。,eg. 1. It depends on where you are. 2. I always think of how I can improve my English. 3. We are glad that our basketball team has won the match. 4. I am sorry that you failed in the exam.,：,連 接 詞,賓語從句三要素,語 序,時 態(tài),二、賓語從句的連接詞,1連詞that，只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子

3、成分，也無詞匯意義，在口語中常被省略。 eg. I know (that) you are arriving next Sunday.,2連詞if 、whether,作“是否”解，在從句中不作句子成分，在口語中多用if。 eg. She asked me if/whether she could copy my homework. He asked me whether or not I was coming.,只能用whether不用if 的三種情況,一般情況下，if 和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether： 與or not連用： He asked me whether

4、 or not I was coming. 在介詞之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain. 在不定式之前： We havent decided whether to go there.,3連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which，連接副詞when, where, why, how等,它們起連接作用，并在從句中充當一定的句子成分，各有自己的意義。 eg. Yesterday, we asked some students what they did last weekend. Can you tell us where

5、 he lives? Please go and find out when the bus will arrive. The teacher asked him how long he has been studying English.,Exercise 1:用合適的連接詞填空。,1. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who） 2. She said _ she could sing this English song .（that, if） 3. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, wh

6、at) 4. They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether) 5. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if),how,that,what,whether,whether,三、賓語從句的語序,陳述句語序 “連接詞+主語+謂語+其它成分” I think (that) you will like this school soon. Have you decided what you want to do after school?,Can you tell me how can

7、 I get to the train station? Can you tell me how I can get to the train station?,四、賓語從句的時態(tài),賓語從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)，常常受到主句謂語時態(tài)的制約，此為時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。,1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是任何時態(tài)。 I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?,2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是

8、一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如： He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. He asked if you had written to Peter.,3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.,Exercise 2,1、 I do

9、nt know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 2、 Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived,3、Do you know _ this time yesterday？ A.what she is cooking B.what is sh

10、e cooking C.what she was cooking D.what was she cooking 4、Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris,Tips:注意事項,1. 否定轉(zhuǎn)移 當賓語從句表示否定的意義時，若主句主語為第一人稱且謂語動詞是think / believe / suppose / exp

11、ect（預(yù)料）等時，應(yīng)在主句上加以否定。 I think its a good idea. I _ think it_ a good idea.,dont is,2. 賓語從句 的簡化,賓語從句在一定條件下，可以簡化為 “特殊疑問詞+不定式”或復(fù)合賓語的結(jié)構(gòu)。 He doesnt know how he can get on well with his classmates. =He doesnt know _ _ get on well with his classmates. I think (that) she is a good girl. =I think her a good gi

12、rl.,how to,3、賓語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)分 eg. 1） I dont know if he will come back. 2） Ill call you if he comes back.,在賓語從句中，將來時仍用將來時態(tài)； 在狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示一般將來時。,“是否” 賓語從句 “如果” 狀語從句,1） I dont know when he will come back.2） Ill call you when he comes back.,“什么時候” “當?shù)臅r候”,Were not sure if it _ tomorrow. If it _，we wont climb the South Hill. A. will rain；will rain B. will rain；rains C. rains；rains D.rains；will rain,Summary,1、連接詞 2、語序 3、時態(tài) 4、否定轉(zhuǎn)移 5、賓語從句的簡化 6、賓語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)分,that if/