1、必修四,第一部分,unit 2working the land,主 干 知 識(shí),. 單詞分類巧記 a閱讀詞匯認(rèn)一認(rèn) 1statistic n _ 2fertilizer n _ 3bacteria n _ 4nutrition n _ 5circulate vt. & vi. _,數(shù)據(jù)；統(tǒng)計(jì)；統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字；統(tǒng)計(jì)資料 肥料；化肥 細(xì)菌 營(yíng)養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)；食物 循環(huán)；流傳,b高頻詞匯寫一寫 1 _ n十年；十年期 2 _ n工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng) 3 _ n總結(jié)；摘要；概要 4 _ n遺憾；懊悔vt. 遺憾；惋惜 5 _ n評(píng)論；議論vi. & vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評(píng)論 6 _ n焦點(diǎn)；中心點(diǎn)vt. 集中；聚焦

2、,decade occupation summary regret comment focus,7 _ adv. 因此；所以；因而 8 _ vt. 減少；減縮 9 _ vt. 畫底線標(biāo)出；強(qiáng)調(diào) 10 _ vi. & n斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏；努力 11 _ vt. & vi. 使變大；伸展 12 _ vt. & vi. 輸出；出口,therefore reduce underline struggle expand export,c核心詞匯鏈一鏈 1 _ adj. 自由的 _ n自由；自主 2 _ vt. 發(fā)現(xiàn) _ n發(fā)現(xiàn)；發(fā)覺 3 _ vt. & vi. 配備；裝備 _ n設(shè)備；裝備 4 _ n饑餓；欲

3、望vt. & vi. (使)饑餓 _ adj. 饑餓的 5 _ n國(guó)家；民族 _ adj. 國(guó)家的；民族的 _ n國(guó)籍,free,freedom,discover,discovery,equip,equipment,hunger,hungry,nation,national,nationality,6 _ vt. 生產(chǎn) _ n生產(chǎn)；制造 _ n生產(chǎn)者；制片人 7 _ vt. 擾亂；打擾 _ adj. 引起煩惱的；令人不安的 _ adj. 擾亂的；極為煩惱的 8 _ vt. 使迷惑；使為難 _ adj. 令人迷惑的 _ adj. 感到迷惑的 _ n困惑；迷惑,produce,production

4、,producer,disturb,disturbing,disturbed,confuse,confusing,confused,confusion,d寫作詞匯用一用 1many years ago, electricity was _. the _ made peoples life changed a lot. (discover) 2paper _ every year is three times the weight of the worlds _ of vehicles. (produce) 3as long as _ types are not taken too seriou

5、sly，its fun trying to guess a persons _ from their personality. (nation) 4our school offers good _ and you will be well _ with knowledge and skills for your future job. (equip) 5he was really _ by the _ problem which also _ other people for a long time. (confuse),discovered,discovery,produced,produc

6、tion,national,nationality,equipment,equipped,confused,confusing,confused,. 短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境速記 a常考短語(yǔ)默寫 1_ 另外 2. _ 寧愿；寧可 3_ 幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?4. _ 導(dǎo)致；造成(后果),in addition would rather thanks to lead to,5_ 使擺脫或除去 6_ 盛產(chǎn) 7_ 對(duì)感到滿意 8_ 逐漸增強(qiáng)；建立；開發(fā) 9_ 集中(注意力、精力等)于 10_ 使免受(影響、傷害等)；使不含(有害物),rid. . . of be rich in be satisfied with bu

7、ild up focus on/upon keep. . . free from/of,b短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境填空 1we cannot really learn anything until we _ ourselves _ being too proud. 2to be mentally healthy, you need to _ good relationships with each other. 3this kind of discussion will _ greater differences between the two parties. 4i _ you gave him more

8、time to learn how to operate a company better than lent him more money.,rid,of,build up,lead to,would rather,5we asked all our customers if they _ the service they had received. 6we should learn to _ ourselves _ love of money and be content with what we have. 7 _ these new treatments, people with hi

9、gh blood pressure can live a long and active life. 8if you are going to follow someone， _ their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.,were satisfied with,keep,free from/of,thanks to,focus on,. 詞語(yǔ)高效積累 1以ity結(jié)尾的名詞 nationality n國(guó)籍quantity n數(shù)量 quality n質(zhì)量curiosity n好奇心 ability n能力pro

10、sperity n繁榮 2以ex為前綴的動(dòng)詞 export v輸出；出口express v表達(dá) exchange v交換，兌換exhaust v用盡，使筋疲力盡 exhibit v展現(xiàn)，陳列，展覽 excuse v原諒，作為的托辭,3表示“集中注意力”的短語(yǔ) focus onbe absorbed in put emphasis onpay attention to concentrate on 4free短語(yǔ)串聯(lián) keep. . . free from/of使免受(影響、傷害等) as free as a bird自由自在 free and easy自由自在的 set free釋放 for

11、free免費(fèi),. 佳句填空完形 1indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of chinese farmers, for _ he has struggled _ the past five decades. 的確，他那被太陽(yáng)曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實(shí)的身軀，就跟其他千百萬(wàn)中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。 2dr yuan longping grows _ super hybrid rice. 袁博士種植的是被稱為“

12、超級(jí)雜交水稻”的稻種。 3this special strain of rice makes _ possible to produce onethird more of the crop in the same fields. 這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產(chǎn)量。,whom,for,what is called,it,4indeed, he believes that a person _ too much money has more _ fewer troubles. 事實(shí)上，他相信，一個(gè)人有太多的錢只會(huì)有更多的麻煩，而不是麻煩更少。 5crops such as peas

13、 or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, _ (make)it ready for crops such as wheat or corn _ need rich and fertile soil. 像豌豆或大豆這樣的農(nóng)作物將重要的礦物質(zhì)帶回土壤，從而使之適宜于種植要求土壤肥沃的農(nóng)作物，比如玉米或小麥。,with,rather than,making,that,. 語(yǔ)法過關(guān)演練 ving形式作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ) 1people spend many years learning about favorite sports and _

14、 (practice) how to do them well. 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。spend. . . (in) doing sth. 表示“花費(fèi)做某事”，根據(jù)and可知，空處應(yīng)與learning并列，作省略了的介詞in的賓語(yǔ)。,practicing,2 _ (bring) up in the countryside made mr. wilson very hardworking when he was very young. 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：mr. wilson在鄉(xiāng)下被撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大，這使他在很小的時(shí)候就很勤勞。分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，bring up 與mr. wilson為

15、邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，又因?yàn)榫渥尤敝髡Z(yǔ)，故用being brought up。 3 _ (examine) twice a year，whether it is a car，a bus or a truck，is a rule that every driver must obey in this city. 解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：無(wú)論是汽車，公交車還是卡車，每年檢查兩次是這個(gè)城市的每個(gè)司機(jī)都要遵守的規(guī)則。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用examine的現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式being examined作句子的主語(yǔ)。,being brought,being examined,4to this day, i h

16、ave a hard time _ (let) others be fond of me. 解析：在句中have a hard time(in) doing sth. 為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“做某事有困難”。 5she cant help _ (clean) the house because shes busy making a cake in the kitchen. 解析：考查固定用法。句意：她不能幫忙打掃房間，因?yàn)樗趶N房忙著做蛋糕。help(to)do sth. “幫忙做某事”，是固定短語(yǔ)，符合句意。注意：此處不是cant help doing sth. “禁不住做某事”這個(gè)固定詞組。,

17、letting,to clean,考 點(diǎn) 探 究,1struggle vi. & vt. 斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏；努力 歸納拓展 struggle for為斗爭(zhēng) struggle against/with 同作斗爭(zhēng) struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來 struggle on繼續(xù)努力；拼命活下去 with a struggle 費(fèi)勁地,高 頻 單 詞,介詞填空/完成句子。 despite his terrible injuries, he wouldnt give up the struggle _ life. 他盡管身負(fù)重傷，但仍然

18、不會(huì)放棄求生的努力。 to get an education, he was struggling _ many difficulties. 為了獲得受教育的機(jī)會(huì)，他正跟很多困難作斗爭(zhēng)。,for,against/with,bravely, mary _ ， and fought against the wind and rain beating against her. 瑪麗勇敢地掙扎著站起來，同撲向她的暴風(fēng)雨搏斗著。 helen keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old, but she never gave up and

19、 _ an active life. 海倫凱勒19個(gè)月大時(shí)就變得又聾又瞎了，但她從不放棄并努力過積極的生活。,struggled to her feet,struggled to lead/live,2equip(equipped, equipped) vt. 配備；裝備 歸納拓展 (1)equip sb. /oneself with . . . 用把某人/自己裝備起來；使裝備 equip sb. to do sth. 使有能力做某事；使有所準(zhǔn)備做某事 be equipped with . . . 裝備；安裝 be equipped for . . . 準(zhǔn)備好；對(duì)有準(zhǔn)備 (2)equipmen

20、t n裝備，設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞) a piece of equipment一件設(shè)備,溫馨提示 equipment為equip的名詞形式，意為“設(shè)備”“器材”，是不可數(shù)名詞，表示“一件”這一數(shù)量時(shí)，其前加a piece of；類似用法的有：furniture，luggage，baggage，jewellery等。,完成句子。 we equip our children _ a good education. 我們使孩子們受到良好的教育。 your training will equip you _ your future job. 你的訓(xùn)練將使得你能夠勝任將來的工作。,with,for,his w

21、ork experience _ all kinds of people. 他的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)使他能與各種各樣的人打交道。 _ new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. 因?yàn)檎莆樟丝茖W(xué)的農(nóng)耕新方法，他們已經(jīng)可以使用比過去更少的農(nóng)田進(jìn)行耕種。,equipped him to deal with,equipped with,3regret vt. 遺憾；后悔n. 遺憾；懊悔；遺憾的事 歸納拓展 (1)regret doing/having done sth. 后悔做

22、了某事 regret to say/tell/inform遺憾地說/告訴/通知 (2)feel regret for為感到后悔 much to ones regret/to ones great regret 使某人非常遺憾的是 with regret遺憾地,巧學(xué)助記 i regretted to tell him that he had been dismissed. tom my surprise，he said to me，“i have no regrets. i only regret having taken the wrong job. ” 我遺憾地告訴他他被解雇了。使我驚奇的是

23、，他對(duì)我說：“我沒有什么遺憾。我唯一后悔的是選錯(cuò)了工作。”,用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空/介詞填空。 jerry did not regret _ (give) the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. 杰里不后悔給出評(píng)論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達(dá)的。 i regret _ (tell) you that i cant travel to beijing together with you at the appointed time. 我很遺憾地告訴你我不能在約定的時(shí)間和你去北京了。 _ ， i

24、must leave now. 非常抱歉，我現(xiàn)在必須走了。,having given(giving),to tell,much to my regret/to my great regret,4focus n焦點(diǎn)；中心vt. 集中；聚焦 歸納拓展 (1)focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于 focus ones attention/mind on. . . 把注意力集中在 focus. . . on. . . 把聚集在上面 (2)adjust the focus調(diào)整焦點(diǎn)/焦距 in focus對(duì)準(zhǔn)焦距 out of focus沒對(duì)準(zhǔn)焦距，模糊,(1)用focus的相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)完成下列

25、小片段。 global warming is the _ (焦點(diǎn))of the meeting to be held tomorrow. experts from different countries will _ (關(guān)注)a possible solution to this problem. in fact many scientists are _ (把注意力集中在)this research. (2)翻譯句子。 只有通過更多地關(guān)注改正我們的錯(cuò)誤，將來我們才能改善自我。 _,focus,focus on,focusing their attention on,only by focus

26、ing more on correcting our mistakes can we better ourselves in the future.,5reduce vt. 減少；縮減 歸納拓展 reduce sth. to sth. 減少(尺寸、數(shù)量、價(jià)格等)到 reduce . . . to doing sth. 使淪落為 reduce sth. to sth. 將概括為/簡(jiǎn)化成,單句語(yǔ)法填空。 this is the only way we can imagine _ (reduce)the overuse of water in students bedrooms. due to a

27、lack of food in hard times, many people were reduced to _ (eat) grass and leaves. the water level has reduced _ 1 metre _ normal level.,to reduce,eating,by,to,6comment n議論；評(píng)論v發(fā)表意見 歸納拓展 make comments on/upon/about sb. /sth. 對(duì)某人(某事)作出評(píng)論 without comment未作任何解釋 no comment無(wú)可奉告(通常用于回答記者的提問) comment on/upon

28、 sth. 對(duì)某事作出評(píng)論,根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。 im sure he will surely _ (作出評(píng)論)your work if you ask him to. swap summaries with your partner and _ (互相評(píng)論),make comments on/upon,make comments on each other,7expand vt. & vi. 使變大；伸展 歸納拓展 expand into擴(kuò)展成 expand on/upon闡述，詳談 expansion n擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)張,完成句子。 . . . , but the idea has si

29、nce _ to many other american cities, and even to hong kong. ，但是這個(gè)觀念已經(jīng)傳播到美國(guó)許多城市，甚至傳到了香港。 why not try to _ your story _ a novel? 為什么不把你的故事擴(kuò)展成一部小說呢？ i dont quite follow your idea. can you _ it? 我不大理解你的想法，你能詳細(xì)地加以說明嗎？,expanded,expand,into,expand on,8therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而 歸納拓展 辨析therefore/so/thus,用there

30、fore，so，thus填空。 she was caught cheating in the exam and _ she was punished by her teacher. she coughed badly, _ she went to see a doctor. the train stopped suddenly, _ causing the delay.,therefore,so,thus,1lead to導(dǎo)致；造成；通往 歸納拓展 lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 lead sb. to a place帶領(lǐng)某人去某地 lead the way領(lǐng)路 lead

31、 a . . . life過著生活 溫馨提示 lead to中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式。表示導(dǎo)致的短語(yǔ)還有：result in，contribute to，bring about等。,重 點(diǎn) 短 語(yǔ),用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 questioning can lead to _ (search)for an answer. (2015湖北高考短文寫作) 質(zhì)疑可以導(dǎo)致尋找答案。 the discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs _ (catch) 新證據(jù)的發(fā)現(xiàn)使得小偷被抓住。,searching,being caught,in cl

32、ass i will divide the students into small groups and lead them _ (practice) speaking english in an interesting way. 在課堂上我會(huì)把學(xué)生分成小組用有趣的方法讓他們練習(xí)說英語(yǔ)。 diligence is the path _ (lead) to happiness.,to practice,leading,2rid . . . of . . . 免除；清除；擺脫 歸納拓展 rid oneself of使自己擺脫(從中解脫) get rid of擺脫；除掉,完成句子。 many peo

33、ple are working hard _ famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饑荒。 the dentist _ the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科醫(yī)生把他的壞牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 the owner needs to _ the car for financial reasons. 因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)原因，車主需要把汽車處理掉。 he _ the mental burden. 他擺脫不了精神負(fù)擔(dān)。,to rid the world of,rid him of,get rid of,wasnt rid of,3thanks to幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?歸

34、納拓展 同義短語(yǔ)：owing to，due to，as a result of，because of, on account of,根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子。 _ (多虧了) his inspiration, i build up my confidence. it is _ (由于糟糕的天氣) that the output of crops reduces by 20% this year. his heart was slightly damaged _ (由于的結(jié)果) her long sickness.,thanks to,because of the bad weather,as

35、 a result of,4build up 逐漸增強(qiáng)；增強(qiáng)的體質(zhì)；建立；創(chuàng)辦；開發(fā)；聚集；積累 歸納拓展 pick up 撿起；(無(wú)意中)學(xué)會(huì)；接收 take up 拿起；開始；從事 hang up 掛起來；掛斷電話 dress up 穿上盛裝；打扮 make up 虛構(gòu)；彌補(bǔ)；組成 show up 出現(xiàn)；露面 bring up 撫養(yǎng)；教養(yǎng) break up 分裂；打碎,(1)寫出下列句中build up的含義 for one thing, it not only helps to build up our physical health, but helps us learn more e

36、ffectively in turn. (2015廣東高考寫作) _ he devoted himself to building up the ruined country. _ dont let your anger build up, which is harmful to your health. _ (2)選用上述短語(yǔ)填空 it didnt take me long to _ the basic knowledge of the language. we were _ for the party but she was still in her ordinary clothes. m

37、any retired people _ gardening as a hobby.,增強(qiáng)的體質(zhì),建立,積累,pick up,dressed up,take up,(1)句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 he would rather die than give in to the enemy. he would die _ give in to the enemy. 他寧死也不向敵人屈服。,rather than,(2)單句語(yǔ)法填空。 i would rather you _ (finish) your homework yesterday. henry would rather that his girlfriend _ (work)in the same department as he do