1、主謂一致,八級(jí)改錯(cuò)輔導(dǎo),一.主語(yǔ)后有以along with, as well as, except, in addition to, instead of, rather than, together with, with, like, but, no less than 等引起的介詞短語(yǔ)或其他從屬結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的數(shù)不受影響。,Jennie as well as William and Mary was in mourning. 2. My brother rather than my parents is going to attend the meeting.,二. 主語(yǔ)受each或ever

2、y修飾時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。注意，如果前面有each 或every,即使主語(yǔ)包含幾個(gè)名詞，動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。1. Each seat was covered with white lace cover.2. Each book and magazine is listed on the card catalog.,但如果each 用在復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞后做主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。,They each play several instruments.,三. Each, either, (a) little much, neither, one等做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般和單數(shù)動(dòng)詞連用,Each of

3、us has a company car. Ive tried on both dresses, but neither fits me. Either of the plans is equally dangerous. Much of the time was wasted. Little remains to be done about it.,改錯(cuò),More than one person is involved in this thing. Many a famous pop singer have been ruined by drugs. Many a famous pop si

4、nger have been ruined by drugs. has,練習(xí),It became necessary to involve every man, woman and child who _ (was, were) willing to help. The president, as well as his assistants _ (has, have) left for Washington. The presence of stones and gravel on the riverbed _ (suggests, suggest) the water is fast fl

5、owing.,It became necessary to involve every man, woman and child who _ (was, were) willing to help. The president, as well as his assistants _ (has, have) left for Washington. The presence of stones and gravel on the riverbed _ (suggests, suggest) the water is fast flowing.,練習(xí),Neither of the rooms _

6、 (is, are) very big, but both of them _ (is are) cool and airy. Neither of the rooms _ (is, are) very big, but both of them _ (is are) cool and airy. No one but myself _ (knows, know) what really happened. No one but myself _ (knows, know) what really happened.,練習(xí),Either of the young ladies _ (is, a

7、re) perfectly qualified to teach English. Either of the young ladies _ (is, are) perfectly qualified to teach English. Many a boy _ (learns, learn) to swim before they can read. Many a boy _ (learns, learn) to swim before they can read.,練習(xí),The plane crashed shortly after take-off, and everyone on bo

8、ard, including the pilot and his crewmates, _ (was, were) killed. The plane crashed shortly after take-off, and everyone on board, including the pilot and his crewmates, _ (was, were) killed.,改錯(cuò),Mr. Black, accompanied by his wife and his daughters, are arriving tonight. Mr. Black, accompanied by his

9、 wife and his daughters, are arriving tonight. is,改錯(cuò),The problem with both of these proposals are that they are hopelessly impractical. The problem with both of these proposals are that they are hopelessly impractical. is,四. there be 存在句，遵照就近原則,There are a dozen reasons why we should support this ac

10、tion. There was a sofa and two chairs. 另外，由here 引導(dǎo)的句子，形式上與 there be 句型要求一樣 Here comes John. Here is the pound I owe you.,五. 有些復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如cattle, people, police, poultry, clergy等復(fù)數(shù)名詞后接復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞,The peoples of Africa are awakening. Poultry is cheaper than meat at the moment. The poultry have been fed. 另外， 某些形容詞

11、或分詞前面加了定冠詞后， 可泛指一類人， 后用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。 The unemployed are losing hope.,練習(xí),The wounded _ (was, were) removed from the field after the battle. The wounded _ (was, were) removed from the field after the battle. Some cattle _ (was, were) peacefully grazing between the forest and the river. Some cattle _ (was, wer

12、e) peacefully grazing between the forest and the river.,六. 有些名詞看上去是復(fù)數(shù)，其實(shí)是單數(shù)， 如news, upstairs及一些學(xué)科名詞。,There isnt much news in todays newspaper. The upstairs of this house is all new. The quickest means of travel is by plane. All means have been tried out to increase the production. 另外， means 可作財(cái)產(chǎn)講，要用

13、復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞 Her means are small.,The United States is a big country. 類似的有聯(lián)合國(guó)（the United Nations）， 荷蘭(the Netherlands)。 Eight hours of sleep _ (is, are) enough. Eight hours of sleep _ (is, are) enough. Fifteen miles _ (is, are) a long way to walk. Fifteen miles _ (is, are) a long way to walk. 表示時(shí)間，金錢，距離等數(shù)量或

14、數(shù)額的名詞短語(yǔ)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但通常把他們看成一個(gè)整體，用單數(shù)動(dòng)詞。,練習(xí),News _ (is, are) coming in from Australia that storms have caused a great deal of damage along the east side of the country. News _ (is, are) coming in from Australia that storms have caused a great deal of damage along the east side of the country.,練習(xí),The eth

15、ics of his action _ (is, are) doubtful, but technically he is within the law. The ethics of his action _ (is, are) doubtful, but technically he is within the law. The first crossroads _ (forms, form) a checkpoint where they ask to see our passports. The first crossroads _ (forms, form) a checkpoint

16、where they ask to see our passports. At the bottom of the hill there _ (is, are) some dangerous crossroads. At the bottom of the hill there _ (is, are) some dangerous crossroads.,七. 表示服裝和其它穿戴的復(fù)數(shù)名詞（glasses, jeans, overalls, shorts, pants, spectacles, trousers等），指工具和其他器物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞（clippers, compasses, scis

17、sors, pliers），后跟復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。,There stands a pair of scales on the table by the window. Two pairs of pliers, one large and one small, are missing from the toolbox. 這些名詞的數(shù)通常由單位詞 pair(s) of 來(lái)表示， 此時(shí)所隨動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與單位詞一致。 注意：如果動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)在隨后的關(guān)系從句中， 仍要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 He wore a pair of black trousers, which were a little too long for hi

18、m.,練習(xí),This pair of scissors _ (is, are) not strong enough to cut through the wire. This pair of scissors _ (is, are) not strong enough to cut through the wire. He wore a pair of earphones, which_ (was, were) plugged into a tape-recorder. He wore a pair of earphones, which_ (was, were) plugged into a

19、 tape-recorder.,八. 一些表示數(shù)量的詞， 如：all of, any of, enough of, half of, a lot of, most of, none of, plenty of, some of, the remainder of , the rest of 可與可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞或代詞連用。此時(shí)，動(dòng)詞數(shù)要與of 后的名詞或代詞一致。 表示分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)的結(jié)構(gòu)， 如：two thirds of , ten percent of ；表示“許許多多”的結(jié)構(gòu)如：“masses of, heaps of, piles of, tons of, loads of”也依此規(guī)

20、則。 但是：amounts of, quantities of后通常隨復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞，盡管of后是不可數(shù)名詞。 如：Very large quantities of aid were needed.,改錯(cuò),A series of debates between the major candidates were scheduled for the Labor Day weekend. A series of debates between the major candidates were scheduled for the Labor Day weekend. was This set of bo

21、oks cost over a hundred of dollars. This set of books cost over a hundred of dollars. costs,注意：由單位詞加of構(gòu)成的詞組， 如：a mass of, a load of, a heap of, a pile of, a portion of, a series of, a set of, a stack of 等引起主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。 如果單位詞為復(fù)數(shù)， 隨后的動(dòng)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)。 Two loads of gravel have just arrived.,改錯(cuò),In order to promo

22、te the sales, large amounts of money has been spent on advertising. In order to promote the sales, large amounts of money has been spent on advertising. have Loads of sand were dumped by the roadside so that there was hardly any space for two cars to pass. Loads of sand were dumped by the roadside s

23、o that there was hardly any space for two cars to pass. was,九. 由or或either or, neither nor, not onlybut also連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵照就近原則。 He or his brothers were to blame. Neither you nor he is wrong. All his time and money has been wasted. 注意：由and連接的兩個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞前帶限定詞all時(shí)，隨后的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。,十. 以不定式,動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，隨后的動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式

24、。 To climb mountains requires courage. Playing chess is one of my interests. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it are not yet clear. His muscles were wasting away, and what were left were flabby.,He is one of those who always come first. He was the only one of them who was willing

25、 to help. 在“one of+關(guān)系從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中， one的前面有the (only)，動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。,練習(xí),Watering the flowers and looking after the children _ (is, are) all she has to do every day. Watering the flowers and looking after the children _ (is, are) all she has to do every day. Sitting and talking to old friends_ (is, are) a pleasant

26、 way to spend an evening. Sitting and talking to old friends_ (is, are) a pleasant way to spend an evening.,練習(xí),Neither my wife nor I myself_able to teach my daughter to sing English songs. A. has been B. is C. are D. am,His family _all very kind and friendly. His family _a happy one. A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are,T