1、Chapter six language and cognition，1 .what is cognition？mental process or faculty of knowing、including awareness、perception、reasoning、and judgment。個人心理過程或知識能力，包括意識，three approaches The formal approach 3360 structural patterns，including The study of morphological，syntactic，andrace model : pre-lexical

2、 route : computes phonological information from the acoustic signal lexical route 3360 the phot Associated wiindowfactors involved in word recognition 3360 frequency effect : the ease with which a word is accessed due to its more frequent usage is，spoken words are spreadout in time，Spoken word recog

3、nition is generally considered a sequential process。with many printed words，The eyes take in all of The letters during a single fixation . The connection ist models of reading maintain that all phones，lexical ambiguity，all the meanings related to the word are accessed . only one meaning is accessed

4、initiation中的friend drove me to the bank . afaction.the clerk(entering): are you engaged Augustus : what business is that of yours？However，if you will take the trouble to read the society papers for this week，you will see that I am engaged to the honourable Lucy pop ham，you will see that I am engaged

5、 to the honourable Lucy pop ham.the clerk : that isnt what I mean . can you see a female？Augustus : of course，I can see a female as easily as a male . do you suppose I am blind？(George Bernard shaw : Augustus does his bit)、comprehension of sentences、Serial models串行模式3360 the sentence comprehension s

6、ystems，Parallel models并行模式： emphasize that the comprehension system is sensitive to a vast range of information，including grammatical，ll理解系統(tǒng)強調(diào)了對語法、詞匯、上下文信息、說話者、寫作等多種信息的敏感，Describe how the processor uses all relevant information to quickly evaluate the full range of possible innge并行模式說明了處理器如何使用所有相關(guān)信息

7、快速評價一個句子，在讀者理解句子的過程中，語法知識和正典知識被普遍接受。comprehension Of written and spoken language can be difficult because it is not always easy to identify the constituents(phrases)，structural factors in comprehension，Minimal attachment最低分配原則3360 the簡化“structurally simpler”結(jié)構(gòu)-structural simplicity guide，garden path

8、 sentences，The horse raced past The barn fell . The man who hunts ducks out on weekends . The cotton clothing is usually made of growsSyntactic ambiguity，different possible ways in which words can be fit into phrases . ambiguous category of some of the words in the sentence Johntell me if you have time，My brother wasnt reading all the time . the chairman appointed Mr . brown an assistant . the scholar wrote long thesis and論據(jù)受到命題之間的相互證明方式和文本中顯示的語言組織形式的指導。Comprehensi