1、1,Environmental science and engineering,Amos Thomas Demon,TEAM:408,2020/8/1,These are the ideal environmentthat we dream to live in.,2020/8/1,Wake up!These are the environment we live in now!,2020/8/1,pollutions,Water pollution,Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rive

2、rs, oceans, and groundwater.,Water pollution,The heavy smoke piped from the factory chimneys.,Air pullution,Automobile exhaust,The noise pollution,The rubbish we produced,The White pollution,In my words,The environment is the world we live in, and the natural surroundings. Every time we spread our c

3、itys, every garbage we produce, every drop of water we pollute，we hurt our“mother nature”.,We rely on the Earth for everything we need to survive, so lets take care of it.,We cant live without water, but now the water was polluted. It is the biggest problem. It influences our daily life. So we shoul

4、d find a way to solve this problem.,14,Water Treatment Processes,15,Water Treatment,16,Water treatment operations fulfill one or three key tasks: removal of particulate substances such as sand and clay, organic matter, bacteria, and algae; removal of dissolved substances such as those causing color

5、and hardness; and removal or destruction of pathogenic bacteria and viruses. The actual selection of treatment processes depends on the type of water source and the desired water quality. 水處理操作完成一個或三個關(guān)鍵任務(wù)：去除顆粒物如沙粒和粘土、有機物、細菌和藻類，去除溶解物質(zhì)如那些產(chǎn)生顏色和硬度的，及除去或消滅致病細菌和病毒。處理工藝的實際選擇依賴于水源的類型和水質(zhì)要求。,17,Screening to r

6、emove large solids such as logs, branches, rags, and small fish is the first stage in the treatment of water. Allowing such debris into the treatment plant could damage pumps and clog pipes and channels. For the same reasons, water intakes are located below the surface of the lake or river in order

7、to exclude floating objects and minimize physical damage from ice. 格柵是水處理的第一階段，它能去除大塊固體例如木頭、樹枝、破布和小魚。這些垃圾進入處理廠會損害水泵并堵塞管道。同理，入水口設(shè)置在湖泊或者河流表面以下，以排除漂浮物并最小化冰塊的物理破壞。,18,Sedimentation,Sedimentation, the oldest and most widely used form of water and wastewater treatment, uses gravity settling to remove part

8、icles from water. It is relatively simple and inexpensive and can be implemented in basins that are round, square, or rectangular. As noted earlier, sedimentation may follow coagulation and flocculation (for highly turbid water) or be omitted entirely (with moderately turbid water). 沉淀是水和廢水處理中最古老和應(yīng)用

9、最廣的方法，利用重力沉淀去除水中顆粒物。它相對簡便、廉價，可用通過圓形、方形或者矩形的水池來實現(xiàn)。如前所述，沉淀池跟在混凝和絮凝（對于高度渾濁的水）或者被完全省略（中度渾濁的水）。,19,Coagulation/flocculation,Coagulation/flocculation is a chemical-physical procedure whereby particles too small for practical removal by plain sedimentation are destabilized and clustered together for faster

10、 settling. A significant percentage of particulates suspended in water are so small that settling to the bottom of a tank would take days or weeks. These colloidal particles would never settle by plain sedimentation. 混凝/絮凝是一種化學(xué)物理過程，那些太小的用簡單沉降法不能去除的顆粒物會在這個過程中變得不穩(wěn)定形成凝塊，從而能較快的沉淀。水中大部分懸浮顆粒物太小，沉淀到水池底部會用數(shù)

11、天甚至數(shù)周。這些膠體顆粒永遠不會自然沉淀。,20,Disinfection,To ensure that water is free of harmful bacteria it is necessary to disinfect it. Chlorination is the most common method of disinfecting public water supplies. Sufficient quantities of chlorine from chlorine gas or hypochlorites are added to treated water to kill pathogenic bacteria. Chlor