1、Lecture 3.4. 增詞,所謂增詞譯法，就是在原文的基礎(chǔ)上添加原文中雖無其詞但有其意的單詞、詞組、分句或完整句。,增加表示名詞復(fù)數(shù)概念的詞語 Carbon combines with oxygen to form carbon oxides. Of visible lights, red light has the longest and violet the shortest wavelength. When the plants died and decayed, they formed layers of organic materials. There is enough coa

2、l to meet the worlds needs for centuries to come. Amphibians and birds do differ significantly.,In the 1980s, departments bought their own minicomputers and managers bought their PCs. Signals from the senses - eyes, ears, nostrils or skin, as the case may be - send messages to the spinal cord, which

3、 moves the limbs appropriately. Things in the universe are changing all the time. The substances get into the soil, into plants and into human bodies. Air is a mixture of gases.,增加表示時(shí)態(tài)的詞語 Contemporary natural science are now working for new important breakthroughs. Humans have been dreaming of copie

4、s of themselves for thousands of years. The high-altitude plane was and still is a remarkable bird. By the turn of the 19th century geologist had found that rock layers occurred in a definite order. Some day man will be able to utilize the solar energy.,This natural approach to remediating hazardous

5、 wastes in the soil, water, and air is capturing the attention of government regulators, industries, landowners and researchers. Its time to ring farewell to the century of physics and ring in the century of biotechnology. This company has been manufacturing computers for five years. The earths popu

6、lation is doubling, the environment is being damaged. Scientists are working to develop new ways to make the semi-conducting material used in computers and other modern electronic devices.,增加表示句子主語的詞語 Weak magnetic fields are known to come from the human body. It is estimated that the new synergy be

7、tween computers and Net technology will have significant influence on the industry of the future. Its believed that we shall make full use of the suns energy some day. With the development of modern electrical engineering, power can be transmitted to wherever it is needed. It is said that numerical

8、control is the operation of machine tools by numbers.,Its pointed out that societies have long operated under the assumption that the oceans and rivers would wash away pollution, the winds would cleanse the air, and the soil could bury the rest. Potassium and sodium are seldom met in their natural s

9、tate. The design is considered practical. A few years ago it was thought unusual that programs could ever be called up by viewers to be displayed on their TV screens at home. It may be supposed that originally the earths land surface was composed of rock only.,增加原文中省略的詞語 You have seen how water expa

10、nds when it is heated and contracts when it is cooled. The changes in matter around us are of two types, physical and chemical. High voltage is necessary for long transmission line while low voltage for safe use. The sun is regarded as the chief source of heat and light. High temperatures and pressu

11、res changed the organic materials into coal, petroleum and natural gas.,Plastic bowls marked microwavable are probably safer than those that arent. Under no circumstances can more work be got out of a machine than is put into it. Matter can be changed into energy and energy into matter. This experim

12、ental result is in inverse ratio to that. Carbon steels are classified as low, medium, and high carbon steels.,增加具體化、明確化的詞語 The statistics brought out a gender division between hard and soft science: girls tending toward biology, boys tending maths and physics. Were there no electric pressure in a c

13、onductor, the electron flow would not take place in it. Net is best suited for small and medium enterprises to band together and break the monopolies of the “giants”. This is the first step toward the solution of air pollution. Floppy disks have always been cheap to make and relatively easy to copy.

14、,These apes are confined to fast-vanishing tropical rainforest or woodland habitats. In the US, there is evidence that schoolchildren with access to the Internet are starting to watch less TV and spend more time surfing the Net. During an El Nino the pressures over Australia, Indonesia and the Phili

15、ppines are higher than normal, which results in dry conditions or even droughts. At the moment, developed areas in Europe, the United States and Asia have already started studying the possibility of an electronic currency. The world now buys almost as many PCs as color TVs.,增加起語氣連貫作用的詞語 Were there n

16、o gravity, there would be no air around the earth. 如果沒有重力，地球周圍就沒有大氣層 Possessing high conductivity of heat and electricity, aluminum finds wide application in industry. 因?yàn)殇X具有高的導(dǎo)熱性和導(dǎo)電性，它在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中有廣泛的應(yīng)用 In addition to copper, there are many other metals which are good conductors. 除了銅，還有許多其他金屬是良導(dǎo)體 Using a

17、transformer, power at low voltage can be transformed into power at high voltage. 如果使用變壓器，可以把低電壓的能量轉(zhuǎn)化為高電壓的能量 Being stable in air at ordinary temperature, mercury combines with oxygen if heated. 常溫下水銀穩(wěn)定地存在于空氣中，但是如果被加熱它就會(huì)與氧結(jié)合。,Diskettes that contains a computer virus will spread the virus to the comput

18、er. The virus will infect any other diskettes placed in that computer later. Experts say that you should keep your information diskettes write-protected if you can. 攜帶電腦病毒的磁盤將會(huì)把病毒傳播到電腦上，然后這些病毒將感染其后任何插入這臺(tái)電腦的磁盤。專家說應(yīng)該盡量使磁盤被寫保護(hù)。 Hydrogen combines with oxygen, water being formed. 氫與氧結(jié)合，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生水。 Over $1 bil

19、lion a year has gone on research into nuclear fusion, a technology that has not yet generated a joule of electricity. 雖然每年有超過10億美元的資金投放于核聚變的研究，然而目前還沒產(chǎn)生1焦耳電能。 Without gravity there would be no air and no sound of any kind. 如果沒有重力，就不會(huì)有任何形式的氣體和聲音。 The sun warms the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow. 太陽溫暖著地球，從而為植物生長提供可能性。,增加概括性詞語 The units of “ampere”, “ohm”, and “volt” are named respectively after three scientists. The frequency, wave length and speed of sound are closely related. PCs are either desktops or portables. The article summed up