1、定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例） 例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk.,定語從句 在英語中，修飾名詞或代詞的句子叫定語從句。 例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.,eg. The boy who is reading is Tom.,先行詞,關(guān)系代詞,Hospital is a pla

2、ce where a doctor works.,先行詞,關(guān)系副詞,放在名詞或代詞后面，由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導的修飾該名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。,被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。,關(guān)系代詞如何引導定語從句 普通代詞與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)別 I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister 普通代詞：只起代替的作用（如上例she) I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. 關(guān)系代詞： （如上例who/which）,1.代替先行詞; 2.它還在定語從句中擔任一定的成分; 3. 同時連接先行詞與它引導的定語從句。（

3、把主句和從句連起來）,The building is our school. The building stands by the river.,關(guān)系代詞的使用取決于先行詞，它們的關(guān)系非常密切，因為關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中代替主句中的先行詞，所以它在一般情況下都跟在先行詞之后，而且它的 人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞一致。,The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行詞 關(guān)系詞 定語從句,which/that 是關(guān)系代詞，它在從句中代替先行詞the building, 同時擔任從句中的主語，也起連詞的作用，把兩個簡單句連接 起來。

4、,關(guān)系詞判 斷 步 驟 : 首先，要看先行詞。 如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系 代詞可用which或that;,然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請看下表,最后，定語從句謂語動詞和先行詞一致. 注:定語從句的時態(tài)不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother. (敘述客觀事實 用一般現(xiàn)在時) (從句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting

5、 yesterday. (句中yesterday表示過去時間),the tall the strong the clever,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom, The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語),The boy who has

6、 a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The boy who sits in front of me is Tom., The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (賓語), The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.,The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job., The teacher wi

7、ll give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.,關(guān)系代詞,1.who指人,作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）,The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2.whom指人,作賓語 (作賓語可省略,如 介詞提前則不能省),The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.,T

8、he man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.,關(guān)系代詞,3.whose 是代詞的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。,Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.,I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which is red is

9、 mine.,The apple which is green is yours.,The apple which is red is small,The apple which is green is big.,Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.,Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?,4.which 指物，作主語或賓語 (作賓 語可省略,如介詞提前則不能省),These

10、 are the trees which were planted last year.,The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the her

11、o(that) we are proud of .,2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big.,注意: 固定動介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:look after,look at ,關(guān)系代詞與介詞: 介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介詞在末尾時,關(guān)系詞可以省略),定語從句中需注意事項 有

12、些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which 1.從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行詞是 something, nothing, anything等不定代詞時 Here is something( that) I will tell you.,3.先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用that I can re

13、member well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行詞是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修飾時 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer you. 5.當主句已有疑問詞 who或which時，用that Who is the woman that was praised at t

14、he meeting?,注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不用that 1).先行詞是anyone, someone, those時，關(guān)系詞使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在there be 句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.,關(guān)

15、系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來引導定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞,在句中作狀語。,where:在從句中作地點狀語,指代地點. when: 在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。,1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.,The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.,2.Ill never forget the day. I join

16、ed the League on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the League .,(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.,The scientist we met yesterday is very who famous in the world. whom that,(2) The dress is new. S

17、he is wearing it.,The dress that she is wearing is new. which ,(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.,He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. ,單項選擇。 1. This is t

18、he job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where 3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting? A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen 4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who 5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who