1、直接引語變間接引語面面觀,一、如何變?nèi)朔Q： 口訣：一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新。 “一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時，如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化如： Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.” Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.,“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時，若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱或被第二人你所修飾。從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語。也可以用第一人稱，如：,： HesaidtoKate.H

2、owisyoursisternow?” HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。,“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時。如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如： MrSmithsaid,Jackisagoodboy.“ MrSmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.,二、如何變時態(tài)： 直接引語在改為間接引語時、時態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。1) 一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時態(tài)； She said:” I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student. 2)一般將來時過去將來時 Sh

3、esaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.” Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。 Tom said,” I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.,二、如何變時態(tài)： 3) 現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時； She said ,“I am reading a book.” She said she was reading a book.,注意：以下幾種情況時態(tài) 不變 直接引語是客觀真理。 Theteacher said T

4、heearthmovesaroundthesun.” Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaround thesunearth.,直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語， 變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。如： Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.,直接引語是過去進行時，時態(tài)不變。 Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see me”Jacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to se

5、e him.,直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復出現(xiàn)或習慣性的動作，變間接引語，時態(tài)不變。如： Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning?！盚esaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning. 如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式不再變 （例：could,should,would,might） The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days.” The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days.” 和已經(jīng)是過去時的形式時， 例： oughtto，had

6、better,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.,三、如何變狀語： 直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律， 時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來” （例：now變?yōu)閠hen,yesterday變?yōu)閠hedaybefore today變?yōu)?that day He said, ”I want to go swimming now. ” He said he wanted to go swimming then. 地點狀語，尤其表示方向性的， here 變 there The teac

7、her said ,“ You should come here at 7:00.” The teacher said I should go there at 7:00. 指示代詞修飾的狀語，由“此”改為“彼” 例：this改為that Hesaid,Thisbooksismine.“ Hesaidthatbook washis.,四、如何變句型： 直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導 的賓語從句。 Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.“ Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes. 直接引語如

8、果是反意疑問句，選擇疑問句或一般疑問句， 間接引語應(yīng)改為由 whether或if引導的賓語從句. Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“ HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim. Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike? HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike. 直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。 Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?” Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner. Sheas

9、kedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?” Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in.,直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)改為“ Tell (ask,order,beg等)sb(not)todosth.“句型。 如： 1.Dontmakeanynoise,the teachersaidtothestudents. Shetold(ordered)thestudentsnottomakeanynoise. 2.“Open the door,please,saidshe. Sheaskedhimtoopen

10、 the door. 直接引語如果是以“Lets”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用“suggest+動句詞（或從句）”如： Hesaid,Letsgotothemovies. Hesuggestedgoingtothemovies. 或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethemovies.,練習,1. She said :”I am six years old.”,2. John said: ”Ill be back tomorrow. ”,3. Kate said: ”I am watching TV now ”,4. The boy said: ”I wa

11、s born on April 11th 1982 ”,5. “I joined the League in 2000,” Xiao Li said.,6.“Why are you late? ” the teacher asked the boy.,7He asked me, “Do you like black tea or green tea？” .,8. He said, “please come here again tomorrow.”,9 He said , “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” 10 Kitty said “Ill call ag

12、ain after supper this evening.” 11 She said, “I will come here again tonight.” 12 She said , “My sister will be back tomorrow morning.” 13 “The children had better go to bed early,” she said. 14 Paul said, “Im trying to get a taxi.”,15 He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come? 16 He asked, “Are

13、 you a teacher or a student?” 17 He said to me, “Please come again here tomorrow.” 18 He said to me, “Dont do that again.” 19 He said, “Where is she going?” 20 “Who lives next door?” she asked.,21 “Where is the airport?” he asked. 22.”What have you got in your bag?” they asked . 23 “Mary, when is th

14、e next train?” he asked. 24 “Why did you stop the car, Tom? ” she asked. 25 “Is there anyone here?” he asked. 26 “Do you know Mrs Green?” he asked me. 27 “Shall I wait for them or shall I go on?” the man asked. 28 “Shall I lock the car or leave it unlocked?” she asked. 29 “Will you be here tomorrow?

15、” he asked me. 30 “Would you like to come in for a drink?” she asked Bill.,31 “Could you give me a hand?” Mr Black asked Tom. 32 “Youll be back tonight, wont you?” my wife asked me. 33 “Dont swim out too far, children,” mother said. 34 “Please let me have a try.” Jane said to the teacher. 35 “Do sit

16、 down, everybody.” said the hostess. 36 “Please dont take any risks,” said his wife. 37 “Dont forget to take your pills,” said mother to her daughter. 38 “Put down your gun, man!” said the inspector. 39 “Be quiet, girls.” said the old man. 40 “Bring your textbook with you tomorrow, please.” The teacher said to her.,41 I asked Wang Dong “Are there any spelling mistakes in my exercises?” 42 John asked her “Can you make out the word on the blackboard? 43 The physics said to the class, “The earth is round.”