1、托福聽(tīng)力遇到生詞該如何應(yīng)對(duì) 在托福聽(tīng)力進(jìn)行的過(guò)程中，大家總是難免遇到生詞。今天給大家?guī)?lái)托福聽(tīng)力遇到生詞該如何應(yīng)對(duì)，希望能夠幫助到大家，下面就和大家分享，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。托福聽(tīng)力遇到生詞該如何應(yīng)對(duì)?(1)在連續(xù)不斷聽(tīng)各種各樣的英語(yǔ)題材中解決疑難問(wèn)題。例如voa i980年在播送military junta(南美各國(guó)政變后上臺(tái)的軍政府)中的iunta一詞時(shí)，詞中的j發(fā)h的音。根據(jù)這個(gè)發(fā)音在詞典上查不到，請(qǐng)教別人也得不到答案。1981年某日 的voa節(jié)目專門回答了聽(tīng)眾提出的這一個(gè)語(yǔ)音問(wèn)題，才知道是junta這個(gè)詞的一種異讀。(2)根據(jù)上下文的意思推敲?，F(xiàn)代信息社會(huì)的語(yǔ)言發(fā)展很快，新詞層出不窮，經(jīng)常會(huì)

2、碰到一些詞典里查不著的詞，或者一個(gè)老的詞隨著時(shí)間的推移又有了新的釋義等等。碰到這種情況，除了向別 人請(qǐng)教外，只有靠自己獨(dú)立判斷了。所以這種根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容判斷(新詞的意思或者詞的新義)的做法不是圖省事，而是為了鍛煉一種對(duì)于英語(yǔ)水平較高的人來(lái)說(shuō) 必須具備的猜測(cè)詞義的本領(lǐng)。例如demagnetize一詞在詞典里只有“去磁、消磁”等解釋，但是在報(bào)導(dǎo)古巴外逃難民去美國(guó)的消息里用了此詞，顯然不會(huì)與，去磁、退磁有關(guān)， 但是詞典里沒(méi)有別的解釋。碰到這種情況可以查 “magnetize”的解釋，其中有“吸引”之意，據(jù)此可以推測(cè)出應(yīng)該做 “使失去吸引力”解。又如1994年8月間在報(bào)導(dǎo)美國(guó)的棒球隊(duì)員罷工時(shí)突然出現(xiàn)

3、 salary cap的說(shuō)法，詞典里查不到。但是根據(jù)上下文可以推測(cè)出來(lái)是限制隊(duì)員工資的意思。后來(lái)的消息中又用了the players feared the owners would finally impose a salarv limitation next season 的說(shuō)法，證明推測(cè)是正確的。美國(guó)郵局的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，條件差。1991年發(fā)生一郵局工人因勞動(dòng)待遇差又被解雇而槍殺他人的事件。此后就有g(shù)oing postal 的說(shuō)法，表示對(duì)于工作條件和待遇極度不滿。所以在聽(tīng)懂上下文意思的情況下要敢于發(fā)揮，而不拘泥于詞典里是不是有此解釋。退一步說(shuō)，即使自己的推測(cè)與分析木合適，也沒(méi)有太大關(guān)系，因?yàn)榉?/p>

4、正你從其他詞典里找不到合適的解釋。何況隨著水平的提高，認(rèn)識(shí)也會(huì)不斷提高，可以找到更貼切的解釋。托福聽(tīng)力練習(xí)對(duì)照文本before we adjourn, id like to remind everybody about the upcoming fundraising eventthe ten kilometer run.在我們休會(huì)之前，我想提醒大家關(guān)于即將到來(lái)的籌款活動(dòng)十公里跑。the run is being organized to help raise money for the renovation of the old gym.組織這次跑步是為了幫助舊的體育館翻修籌款。our gy

5、m is in desperate need of repair, and the university must rely entirely on private donations to pay for its renovation.我們的體育館迫切需要維修，而大學(xué)必須完全地依靠私人捐款來(lái)支付它的翻修。this event will be the students contribution to the effort. the procedure for participating is quite simple.本次活動(dòng)將會(huì)是學(xué)生對(duì)慈善運(yùn)動(dòng)的貢獻(xiàn)，參與的程序非常簡(jiǎn)單。no entranc

6、e fees, no advance registration, and you dont have to be the best athlete on campus.沒(méi)有入場(chǎng)費(fèi)，沒(méi)有預(yù)約登記，而且你不必是校園里最好的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。you only need to find sponsors willing to contribute one or more dollars for every kilometer of the race that you complete.你只需要去尋找愿意為你完成的賽跑的每一公里貢獻(xiàn)一美金或者更多錢的贊助者。so, for example, if you run

7、all ten kilometers, youll collect ten dollars from someone who has pledged to give you one dollar per kilometer.所以，舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，如果你跑了全部的十公里，你將從承諾每公里給你一美金的人那里募集十美金。after the run, a race official will record the number of kilometers youve completed.跑完步，比賽工作人員將記錄你已經(jīng)完成的公里數(shù)。you can then show the record to your s

8、ponsors when you collect the money.那時(shí)你就能在募集錢的時(shí)候給你的贊助者出示該記錄。you might encourage your friends to run in the race by telling them that there will be awards for everyone who gets five sponsors or more.你可以鼓勵(lì)你的朋友們參加跑步比賽，通過(guò)告訴他們所有得到五個(gè)或者更多的贊助者的人將會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。but above all, itll just be a lot of fun.但首先，這將會(huì)很好玩。so, p

9、lease spread the word and get everyone involved either as runners or sponsors.所以，請(qǐng)散播一下消息，并且每個(gè)人都參與進(jìn)來(lái)，不論是作為跑步者或者是贊助者。托福聽(tīng)力練習(xí)對(duì)照文本and as we enter this next gallery, please turn your attention to the statue on your right.當(dāng)我們進(jìn)入下一個(gè)陳列室時(shí)，請(qǐng)把你的注意力轉(zhuǎn)向你右側(cè)的雕像。its a bust of the seventh president of the united states

10、, andrew jackson.它是第七任美國(guó)總統(tǒng)的半身像。andrew jackson，it was done by american sculptor hiram powers.它是由美國(guó)雕刻家hiram powers完成的。mr. powers is particularly significant to our sculpture collection here at the metropolitan museum of art.powers先生對(duì)我們大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館這里的雕刻收藏尤其重要。his statue entitled california was the first wo

11、rk by an american artist to become part of the collection at the met.他的名為california的雕像是成為大都會(huì)收藏的美國(guó)藝術(shù)家的第一件作品。but back to this piece. when powers was modeling this bust, he asked the president, who was 68 years old at the time, if he wanted to be made to appear younger than that.讓我們回到這件作品上來(lái)。當(dāng)powers為這個(gè)半

12、身像制作模型時(shí)，他問(wèn)當(dāng)時(shí)68歲的總統(tǒng)，他是否想(讓他的雕像)被制作的顯得(比實(shí)際年齡)年輕一些。president jackson replied that he didnt; so as you can see, hes shown here with wrinkles and lines of aging etched on his face.jackson總統(tǒng)回答他不想;因此，如你所見(jiàn)，他被滿面滄桑的展現(xiàn)在這里。consequently, this bust is considered to be one of the most realistic portrayals of andre

13、w jackson.結(jié)果，這個(gè)半身雕像被認(rèn)為是andrew jackson最現(xiàn)實(shí)的寫照之一。powers traveled from his studio in italy to the white house to do the original study for the bust.powers從他在意大利的工作室啟程來(lái)到白宮，做這個(gè)半身雕像的原型習(xí)作。he did the study in clay, but he sculpted the final statue from fine italian marble, as you can see.他用粘土做的習(xí)作，但他從上好的意大利大理

14、石上雕刻最終的雕像。i should add that the usual practice at the time was to get local artisans to do the actual carving of the marble.我應(yīng)該補(bǔ)充，那時(shí)的慣例是讓當(dāng)?shù)氐募脊ぷ稣嬲拇罄硎窨獭ote that the president is draped in a roman toga. this is because in the nineteenth century that was the customary attire for representations of he

15、ads of state and other important figures.注意總統(tǒng)披著一件羅馬寬外袍。這是因?yàn)樵谑攀兰o(jì)，那是慣例服裝，代表了國(guó)家元首和其他要人。powers kept the bust in his studio until after president jacksons death, when it was sold to the democratic club in new york city.powers在他的工作室保留著這個(gè)半身像，直到j(luò)ackson總統(tǒng)去世時(shí)，那時(shí)它被賣給紐約市民主黨俱樂(lè)部。it was lent to us here at the met

16、 in 1874 and twenty years later became part of our permanent collection.它于1874年借給我們大都會(huì)，并且在二十年之后成為我們永久的收藏。now, if youll step this way, well move on to the next piece.現(xiàn)在，如果你往這邊走，我們將轉(zhuǎn)向下一個(gè)作品。一托福聽(tīng)力練習(xí)對(duì)照文本if you liked the colorful animals we just saw, youre going to love these next animals: frogs.如果你喜歡我們剛剛

17、見(jiàn)到的色彩斑斕的動(dòng)物，你們將會(huì)喜歡這些接下來(lái)的動(dòng)物：蛙類。you might not normally think of frogs as being colorful, but these frogs definitely are.你們可能通常不認(rèn)為蛙類是色彩斑斕的，但是這些蛙類的確是的。they are the dart-poison frogs of central and south america.它們是中部和南部美洲的箭毒蛙。look at their striking colors, often yellow with black stripes or deep blue wit

18、h black spots.看看它們醒目的顏色，通常是黃色帶著黑色條紋或者深藍(lán)色帶著黑點(diǎn)。beyond being nice to look at, these markings have a purpose.除了好看之外，這些斑紋還有一個(gè)目的。they warn predators that these frogs are poisonous.它們警告捕食者這些蛙類是有毒的。when threatened, these frogs secrete a substance through their skin that would easily kill whatever animal mig

19、ht try to eat them.當(dāng)受到威脅時(shí)，這些蛙類通過(guò)它們的皮膚分泌一種物質(zhì)，可以輕易的殺死可能試圖要吃掉它們的任何動(dòng)物。their bright colors communicate this, and so most animals tend not to hunt them.它們明亮的顏色傳遞了這個(gè)(信息)，所以大部分動(dòng)物不會(huì)去捕獵它們。now, speaking of hunting, for centuries these frogs were sought after by hunters.好，說(shuō)道捕獵，幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，這些蛙類受到獵人們的需要。as you might think, the hunters didnt want to eat the frogs, but rather, they captured them for their poison.正如你所想的，獵人不是想吃這些蛙類，而是，他們捕獲它們是為了它們的毒素。they would add the poison to the tips of their hunting arrows.他們會(huì)把毒素添加到他們打獵(用的)箭尖上。of course, nowadays most hunters use guns.當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在大部分獵人用槍。these d