1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與反義疑問(wèn)句,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其結(jié)果的確和現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系。動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去,但它的影響現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。其構(gòu)成： 主語(yǔ) + have (has) +v.過(guò)去分詞 + 其他. 主語(yǔ) + havent / hasnt + v. 過(guò)去分詞+其他. -Have / Has +主語(yǔ) + v. 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他？ -Yes, 主語(yǔ)+ have/ has. No, 主語(yǔ) + havent/ hasnt.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型？,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句型 1）It is the first / second time. that結(jié)構(gòu)中的從句部分，

2、用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. It is the third time that the boy has been late.2）This is the that結(jié)構(gòu)，that 從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí). This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。 This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. 這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 Ha

3、ve you read that story? 你讀過(guò)那個(gè)故事嗎？ （讀這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響為： 是否知道故事中的內(nèi)容） I have bought two apples. 我買(mǎi)了兩個(gè)蘋(píng)果。 （買(mǎi)這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是：擁有兩個(gè) 蘋(píng)果） 在學(xué)習(xí)這一概念的同時(shí)，還應(yīng)注意常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)連 用的幾個(gè)副詞： already，just多用于肯定句中， yet，ever，never多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。 如： I have already finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)。,1. He has just had supper. 他剛吃過(guò)晚飯。

4、 2. Have you ever sung this English song? 你曾唱過(guò)這首英文歌嗎？ 3.They havent done the homework yet. 他們還沒(méi)有做作業(yè)。 4. We have never seen a film. 我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有看過(guò)電影。 5. He has died. 他死了。,2.表示過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去； 常和表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻起延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如： They have lived here for ten years .他們住在這兒有十年了。 She has taught in th

5、is school since three years ago. 她從三年前開(kāi)始就在這個(gè)學(xué)校教書(shū)。 We have known each other since we were very young. 我們從很小的時(shí)候就彼此認(rèn)識(shí)。 注意：用于這種用法中的動(dòng)詞必須是表示連續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的詞， 如：live、work、teach、study、stay、wait、know、be、have、learn、wear、walk、sleep等，這類動(dòng)詞叫做“延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞”。 英語(yǔ)中還有另一種動(dòng)詞，如：buy、join、become、begin、fall、 come、go、hear、die、close、open、

6、leave、borrow、等， 它們只表示短暫的動(dòng)作，不能表示一個(gè)延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，這類動(dòng)詞 叫做“瞬間性動(dòng)詞”，它們可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， 但是不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。,短暫性動(dòng)詞變延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞： join - 2) come - 3) borrow - 4) buy - 5) arrive - 6) leave - 7) begin - 8) open - 9) close - 10) die -,be in / a,be in / at,keep,have,be,be away (from),be on,be open,be closed,be dead,_ adj.,_ adj.,這只狗死

7、了。 這只狗昨天死了。 這只狗一天前死了。 這只狗死了一天。,The dog has died. The dog died yesterday. The dog died a day ago. The dog has been dead for a day.,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,戲劇開(kāi)始了。 戲劇半小時(shí)前開(kāi)始了。 戲劇開(kāi)始半個(gè)小時(shí)了。 我買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)電腦。 自從我來(lái)到這里就買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)電腦。,The play has begun. The play began half an hour ago. The play has been on for half an hour.,I have bou

8、ght a computer. I have had a computer since I came here.,典型例題(1) -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 答案B. This is the first time 后面所加從句應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。(2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here.A. even

9、, come B. even, have comeC. ever, come D. ever, have come 答案D. ever意為曾經(jīng)或無(wú)論何時(shí)，反意詞為never，此兩詞常用于完成時(shí)。 This is the largest fish I have ever seen. It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，從句要用完成時(shí)。,1. I _ the way. I _ here for quite many years. A. knewhave lived B. knewlive C. knowhave lived D. knowliv

10、e 2. _ you ever _ America ? Yes, I have. A. Havegone to B. Havegone in C. Havebeen to D. Have been in 3. My brother _college for over three years. A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been at 4. He _ the Army by the end of 1989. He _ in the army since then. A. joinedis B. has joinedhas been C. had j

11、oinedis D. had joined has been 5. _ you _ the text yet ? Yes, we _ it two hours ago. A. Didcopydid B. Havecopiedhave C. Havecopieddid D. Did copyhad,C,C,C,D,C,5. “Why _ she _ angry ?” “Because he _ at her just now .” A. didgetshouted B. hasgotshouted C. didgethas shouted 6. _you _ the film before ?

12、Where _ you _ it ? A. Have seendidsee B. Did seehaveseen C. Haveseenhaveseen 7. You _ me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five. A. keptwaited B. have keptwaited C. kepthave waited D. have kepthave waited Where _ John _ ? To the library. He _ there for an hour. A. hasbeenhas gone B. hasgoneha

13、s been C. didgowent D. didbewent,A,A,D,B,A. 用 already 或 yet Have they taken down the old pictures _? No, not _. 2) Most of us have finished our compositions _. 3) He hasnt visited the museum_. B.用 since或 for 1) We have learned five lessons _ the beginning of this term. 2) Mrs Liao has been in hospit

14、al _ last week. 3) I have stayed at my aunts _ two weeks. I have been here _ 1999. They have kept the books _ one day. It has been cold _ two weeks ago. We have learnt a lot _ we came here.,yet,yet,already,yet,since,since,for,since,for,since,since,C. 用have gone或 have been Where are the boy students

15、? They _ to the school factory. Is your father in ? No, he _ to Shenzhen. _he ever _ there before ? Yes, he _ there several times 3) He asked me if I _ to Hangzhou before. I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I _ never _ to that city before. 4) My brother _the Great Wall three times .

16、 5) I want to return the book to Jack, but I cant find him. - He _ the library. You can find him there.,have gone,has gone to,Has been,has been,have been,have been,has been to,1) I _ a bike . I _ the bike a week ago . I _ the bike for a week .(買(mǎi)了) 2) He _ . He _ for two days . (死了) 3) She _. She _ f

17、or a day.(回來(lái)了) 4) The factory _. It _ for a year.(開(kāi)辦了),have bought,bought,have had,has died,has been dead,has come back,has been back,has opened,has been open,反義疑問(wèn)句,概念：表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所陳述的事情有所懷疑或者不肯定，想通過(guò)對(duì)方的回答來(lái)加以肯定或者是否定。 原則：前肯后否，前否后肯。不管問(wèn)法，事實(shí)回答。 注意否定詞：few,little,never,hardly,nothing,nobody,1. There are few stud

18、ents in the classroom, _? 2. He has little money,_? 3. I have never seen this film,_? 4. There is nothing new in the newspaper,_? 5. He never got up late in the past,_? 6. She can hardly speak English,_? 7. Please listen to me, _? 8. Lets review Module 6 together,_?,反義疑問(wèn)句的回答,1. You have seen this film, havent you? a.-_. How I wish to see it again. b.-_. How I wish to ! 2. Your brother doesnt get up early, does he? -_. But he gets up late on weekend