1、專題十五 任務(wù)型閱讀,中考英語 (河南專用),Passage 1(2018河南,D) Dear Linda, 1 As I told you yesterday, I am in Rome today. Tomorrow we are getting the train down into the south of the country and then the ship across to Greece. 2 We started in England and we spent two days in London and another day in Canterbury. We saw

2、 a lot of great history and the only bad thing was the weatherit rained for the whole time we were there. Can you believe it? 3 Well, I have to say I prefer the American Disneyland. But we met some nice people from Canada,A組 2014-2018年河南中考題組,五年中考,and spent two great days with them. One of them,Clive

3、,is going to your university next year. Hows that for a coincidence(巧合)! 4 After that, we went south into Switzerland. It was very expensive and we couldnt stay as long as we wanted to, so thats why were in Italy now! 5 See you soon. Mike 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項,使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。 A.OK, thats enou

4、gh from me for now. I want to post this letter now so you can get it by the weekend. B.I cant wait to arrive in Athens to see all that history. Let me tell you something about where we have visited so far. I know you want to come here on vacation too one day!,C.Clive and his wife left us once we got

5、 to Germany by train. They went up into Denmark but we continued to Munich. Wowwhat a great city! I bought you a surprise gift there. I hope you like it. D.At least when we got to Paris, the sun was shining! We only stayed for one afternoon in the French capital because my friends really wanted to v

6、isit Euro Disney which is to the east of Paris. E.How are things with you? It was great talking to you yesterday by phone.,答案 語篇解讀本文是一封Mike寫給Linda的信,向她介紹了自己旅途中的見聞。 1.E下文“As I told you yesterday”與E選項中的“talking to you yesterday”對應(yīng)。另外,“How are things with you?”是常見的書信和對話的問候語,通常放在書信和對話的開頭,故選E。 2.B上文說.the

7、 ship across to Greece(坐船去希臘)與B項中的cant wait to arrive in Athens(迫不及待去雅典)相對應(yīng),下文中的“saw a lot of great history”與B選項中的“see all that histo-ry”對應(yīng),故選B。 3.D下文中的“prefer the American Disneyland”與D選項中的“visit Euro Disney”對應(yīng),故選D。 4.C上文中提到Clive這個人物,C選項解釋說明 Clive and his wife的活動,故選C。 5.Athats enough和 post this let

8、ter都是結(jié)束語的表達,故選A。,長難句We only stayed for one afternoon in the French capital because my friends really wanted to visit Euro Disney which is to the east of Paris.我們在法國首都只停留了一個下午,因為我的朋友們真的很想?yún)⒂^位于巴黎東部的歐洲迪士尼。 本句是主從復(fù)合句。句中含有由連詞because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句,在這個原因狀語從句中含有一個由which引導(dǎo)的定語從句,修飾先行詞Euro Disney。 重點詞匯at least至少;so f

9、ar到目前為止 詞匯積累coincidence n.巧合;Munich n.慕尼黑,Passage 2(2017河南,D) Starting high school is a great experience for any teenager. Whether you are coming from a middle school(grades six through eight)or a junior high school(grades seven through nine), there are many things about high school that are differe

10、nt from your old school environment.1 You will face being in a new school, making new friends in an unfamiliar class and getting to know new teachers. These new teachers will usually have higher academic(學(xué)術(shù)的)levels than your middle and junior-high school teachers.2In return, they expect you to work

11、hard and de- velop your skills. On top of all this, peer pressure(同伴壓力)to drink and smoke often increases in high school.3 Although there is a lot of pressure, it is nothing you cannot deal with. If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wrong, talk to a friend, parent, or counsel

12、or to find a solution(解決).4If you are not succeeding academically, find someone to help you. If you feel lonely, try to join a school club or group to make new friends. 5With time, you will come to be thankful for everything about your experience. On the point of starting your high school, are you r

13、eady?,根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項,使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。 A.You will experience many changes. B.They want to help you get into college. C.High school may seem discouraging at first. D.They are there to help you get into this great new time in your life. E.Besides, the pressure could also come from grades,

14、loneliness and so on. 1.2.3.4.5.,答案 語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文,作者向即將步入高中的青少年介紹了可能會遇到的問題及應(yīng)對策略。 1.A根據(jù)上句的“there are many things about high school that are different from.”可知,你將體會到許多變化。 2.B上句說到“這些新老師的學(xué)術(shù)水平通常會高于你的初中老師的學(xué)術(shù)水平”,故此處應(yīng)該選擇“他們想幫你走進大學(xué)”。 3.E順接上句說到的peer pressure,應(yīng)該選擇E項,繼續(xù)分析壓力的來源。 4.D根據(jù)上句“如果你感覺有壓力去做你感覺是錯的事情,和朋友、父母或

15、指導(dǎo)老師進行交談,以尋求解決辦法”可知此空應(yīng)該選擇“他們在那里幫你走進人生的這個偉大的新時期”。 5.C根據(jù)后句“隨著時間的流逝,你將感謝你所經(jīng)歷過的一切”可知本句應(yīng)該選擇“高中最初也許看起來是令人沮喪的”。,長難句If you are feeling pressure to do something that you feel is wrong, talk to a friend,parent, or counselor to find a solution.當(dāng)你感覺做一些你覺得是錯的的事情有壓力的時候,和朋友、父母或指導(dǎo)老師談?wù)?以尋求解決辦法。 本句含有一個由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,主句

16、使用了祈使句。在條件狀語從句中,使用了定語從句that you feel is wrong修飾先行詞something,其中you feel為插入語。動詞不定式to find a solution表示目的。 重點詞匯develop v.培養(yǎng);experience v.經(jīng)歷 詞匯積累peer pressure同伴壓力,Passage 3(2016河南,D) There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant(令人愉快的)but are not.1When someone says they have to “

17、face the music”,it does not mean they are going to a concert. “Facing the music” means to accept and deal with the punishment of an action. 2For example, “I cant face another night of camping! Its cold and rainy.” Or “In life, you must face your fears.” Face used in this way is very common. But now,

18、 lets go back to facing the music. Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the keys and says, “Thanks so much for watching my car while Im away. But please, do not drive it. It is an extremely(極其) fast car.” 3You want to show off to some friends. So,you

19、drive itaround town one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign. Bang! When your friend returns you must tell her what you have done and “face the music”. 4It could be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her sports car or both. Whatever

20、the music is, you must face it.,5To “take your medicine” means to accept the results from something bad you have done. And if someone says, “You made your bed. Now lie in it.” they mean you created a bad situa-tion and now you will experience the results! 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項,使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。

21、 A.But you do not listen. B.“Face the music” is a good example. C.The “music” here is the result of your actions. D.Americans often use the word “face” in this way. E.There are other American expressions that mean the same things as “face the music”. 1.2.3.4.5.,答案 語篇解讀本文向大家介紹了美式英語中的一些有趣的表達。 1.B由設(shè)空處后

22、出現(xiàn)的“face the music”可知。 2.D由第二段的最后一句可知美國人經(jīng)常這樣使用face這個詞。 3.A由設(shè)空處后面的內(nèi)容可知,此處應(yīng)填“但是你不聽”。 4.C根據(jù)下文可知此空應(yīng)解釋music的含義。 5.E由后文出現(xiàn)的take your medicine和You made your bed.Now lie in it.可知此處應(yīng)該選擇E項。,解題關(guān)鍵通讀全文之后,學(xué)生應(yīng)分析備選項,在理解備選項句意的基礎(chǔ)上分析句子的關(guān)鍵信息。,備考指導(dǎo)“還原句子”的語篇材料,通常結(jié)構(gòu)清晰、層次分明,而且有比較明顯的線索?？忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真分析并找出方法。,長難句1.To “take your medici

23、ne” means to accept the results from something bad you have done.“自食其果”的意思是接受你自己做的壞事帶來的后果。 動詞不定式作主語,且介詞的賓語中含有一個定語從句you have done,修飾something,加大了理解的難度。 2.There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant but are not.在美式英語中,有很多聽上去令人愉快的表達,但是實際上并不是那樣。 本句使用了There be 句型。expressions既由so

24、 many修飾,又由一個以that引導(dǎo)的定語從句來修飾。,Successful people in life imagine how their life should be and set lots of goals.1Its like hav-ing a sign to show you where you want to go.Think of it this way.There are two drivers.One has a place to go to clearly in mind which can be found on a map.He can drive straigh

25、t there surely without any wasted time.The other driver has no goal,or a map.2But he drives aimlessly(漫無目的地)around,never getting anywhere,just using up oil.Which driver do you want to be? 3They decide what they want in life and then get there by setting goals and making plans.Un-successful people us

26、ually just let life happen by accident.Goals arent difficult to set and they arent difficult to reach.4You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction,Passage 4(2015河南,D) Why is setting goals(目標(biāo))important?Because goals can help you do and experience everything you want in life.

27、Instead of just letting life happen to you,goals allow you to make your life happen.,to aim your life. Research tells us that when we write a goal down we are more likely to achieve it.5They are harder to forget.Also when you write your goals in your own way,you are able to make yourself realize sit

28、uations that will bring you nearer to your goal. 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項,使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整,并將其標(biāo)號填寫在下面題號后的橫線上。 A.Written goals can be reviewed usually. B.He starts off at the same time from the same place. C.Its up to you to find out what your goals really are. D.By setting goals you are taking con

29、trol of your life. E.Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. 1.2.3.4.5.,答案 語篇解讀沒有目標(biāo)的人是把成功的希望交給機遇的人。這種人偶然成功的概率比有計劃、有目標(biāo)的人小得多。沒有目標(biāo)就沒有成功。世界上沒有懶惰的人,只有缺少明確目標(biāo)的人。 1.D由下一句“Its like having a sign to show you where you want to go.”可知此處應(yīng)該選擇D項。 2.B此處在講另一位司機的情況,故選B。 3.E此處與后面的“Unsuccessful people.”形成

30、對比。 4.C由后一句可知此處應(yīng)該選擇C項。 5.A此處承接上一句話。A項中的Written goals與前面的write a goal down照應(yīng),故應(yīng)該選擇A。,知識拓展對于“還原句子”的語篇材料,如果是記敘文,則通常以事件的發(fā)展過程為順序,根據(jù)時間的發(fā)展以及上下文之間的聯(lián)系,可以確定挖空處所缺的句子。如果是說明文,則要根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容呈現(xiàn)的順序及上下文語境來解題。,長難句You are the one who must decide what to achieve and in what direction to aim your life.你是那一個必須決定要獲得什么和朝著什么方向去實現(xiàn)

31、你的人生目標(biāo)的人。 the one后有一個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句,decide后跟著一個“what to do”結(jié)構(gòu)和一個“介詞+what+名詞+to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu)。in what direction朝著什么方向。,Passage 5(2014河南,D,) Your parents might not realize how important their health is to you.Now its your chance to let them know! Think about it before starting. Before you talk with your pare

32、nts,it helps to get clear on what you want them to do.1Get more exercise?Get more sleep?If you want a parent to lose weight,youd better find out the disadvan-tage of being heavy and how great they will feel after eating healthy food or exercising more. 2 Pick a moment when everyones relaxed and ther

33、es time to talk.Say something like:“Dad,I care about your health and I worry youre so busy that you dont have time for exercise.” Let parents know youre willing to make the change yourself.For example,say youd be willing to walk together after dinner.,Come up with a plan together. Has your mom or da

34、d agreed to your ideas?Well done!Lets say the change your mom or dad a-greed to is eating healthier food.3Examples are:Ill eat five fruits every day.Ill eat breakfast every morning. Show your encouragement and understanding. Its normal if your parents fail at first.If parents want to give up,encoura

35、ge them to keep going.If youre making a change together,you can say,“Well,dont worry.Lets start fresh and go on with our plan tomorrow.”4Let your parents know you love and care about them for what theyre doing and that it means a lot to you. What if a parent says “No”? If parents dont follow your id

36、eas,ask them(gently):“Could you at least think about it for me?”5How many times have you pushed back on something they asked you to do,but then later,thought more about it? Soon youll be grown and out of the house.Heres your chance to set your parents on the right way. 根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容,從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項

37、,使短文意思通順、內(nèi)容完整,并將其標(biāo)號填寫在下面題號后的橫線上。 A.Then give them a little time to consider. B.Do you want a parent to eat better? C.Work together to plan what they and you will do. D.Offer your praise! E.Talk to parents the same way youd like them to talk to you. 1.2.3.4.5.,答案 語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。介紹了為了讓父母重視他們自己的健康兒女們能做的幾

38、件事。 1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由下文可知是三個連續(xù)的問題。 2.E主旨大意題。由下文內(nèi)容可知是在講溝通方式。 3.C推理判斷題。該部分小標(biāo)題與C項中的“Work together to plan.”照應(yīng)。 4.D推理判斷題。該部分小標(biāo)題中的“Show your encouragement.”與D項照應(yīng)。 5.A推理判斷題。由設(shè)空前的think about 可推斷出。,評析本題選材新穎。不但考查了學(xué)生的閱讀能力,而且也提供了一些與父母溝通的好方法,特別是讓孩子關(guān)愛自己父母的健康更能體現(xiàn)濃厚的教育意義。,Passage 1(2018福建,E) 閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給的五個選項中選出能填入短文空白處

39、的最佳選項,使短文通順、連貫,意思完整。 We should not use more water than we actually need. If we do, we will not have enough water in the future.1It is not a difficult question to answer. If we remove more fresh water than na-ture replaces, we have taken too much. Many cities run campaigns(運動)to get people to stop wa

40、sting water. They show them ways they can cut back on water use.2Whats more, they carry out programs that offer money to reduce water use. For example, they give people shower heads and toilets that use less water.3 Another threat(威脅)to our water supply is pollution. When our sources of fresh water

41、get polluted, we can no longer use this water. This also endangers(危及)the animals that depend on the water. 4We can save lots of water by not letting taps(水龍頭)run while we brush our teeth or by turning off taps right after washing hands. By collecting cold water when were taking warm,B組 2014-2018年全國

42、中考題組,showers, we can also save water.5In this way, we can make full use of water. 閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給的五個選項中選出能填入短文空白處的最佳選項,使短文通順、連貫,意思完整。 A.However, just how much is too much? B.There are several things we can do to save water. C.Finally, they make laws to control the use of water. D.We dont have to let t

43、he cold water run until it gets warm. E.They also increase water bills for people who use too much.,答案 語篇解讀本篇文章共四段:(一)總述段:我們不應(yīng)當(dāng)使用比實際需要更多的水,否則,將來我們沒有足夠的水。(二)分述:許多城市發(fā)起運動讓人們停止浪費水。(三)分述:對于供水的另一個威脅是污染。(四)分述:我們可以怎樣節(jié)約用水。 1.A從設(shè)空處后一句“It is not a difficult question to answer.”及下文的“we have taken too much”可知,此處

44、是一個問句。五個選項中僅A為特殊疑問句,且內(nèi)容吻合,故選A。 2.E從設(shè)空處前一句“They show them ways they can cut back on water use.”及設(shè)空處后一句“Whats more, they carry out programs that offer money to reduce water use.”可知此處講述“他們是如何節(jié)約用水的”,人稱上用“they”,符合的選項有C和E,再由E中的“also”可判斷,此處應(yīng)選E。 3.C第二段講述一些城市節(jié)約用水的方法。從上文“They show.”“They also.” “Whats more, t

45、hey carry.”的排序可知此處應(yīng)選C?！癋inally, they make.”句型和順序與上文呼應(yīng)。 4.B第四段講述我們可以怎樣節(jié)約用水。設(shè)空處是第四段的總述句,B項符合題意。故選B。 5.D從設(shè)空處后一句“In this way, we can make full use of water.”可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)是介紹一種節(jié)約用水的方法。故選D。,長難句When our sources of fresh water get polluted, we can no longer use this water.當(dāng)我們的淡水資源被污染時,我們就不能再使用這種水。 此句為包含時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句

46、。when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,主句部分為we can no longer use this water,是主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)。 重點詞匯enough adj.足夠的;future n.將來;nature n.自然;reduce v.減少,Passage 2(2018云南) Making money isnt just for adults. Kids can do it, too. Making money gives you more than mon-ey. 1 By working to make your own money, youll learn how to succeed in the

47、world. This includes dealing with money, understanding and getting along with other people. 2 Collect soft drink bottles. You can sell the collected bottles and use the money to buy a new bas-ketball. 3 Make greeting cards. If you are good at drawing, try making special cards. You can sell your card

48、s to make money. 4You may have some books that you have read but you dont want to keep. Then you can sell them to make money. Win a scholarship(獎學(xué)金). If you get good grades at school, you can get some money as a prize. 5,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后所給的選項中,選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 A.Sell old books. B.Borrow old boo

49、ks. C.Its also a learning process. D.However, you are polluting the environment. E.Its easy to make money if you try the following ways. F.This encourages kids to work harder to get better grades. G.At the same time, you are keeping the environment clean.,答案 語篇解讀文章向我們介紹了四種適合小孩子們掙錢的方法,分別是:撿拾軟飲料瓶、制作問候

50、卡、賣掉舊書以及爭取獎學(xué)金。 1.C根據(jù)設(shè)空處前后句的句意可知,此處應(yīng)該選擇“它(掙錢)也是一個學(xué)習(xí)的過程”。 2.E根據(jù)下文列舉的四種方法可知,此處應(yīng)該選E項。 3.G根據(jù)“撿拾軟飲料瓶”這種方法可知,這樣做的同時也在保持環(huán)境清潔。 4.A根據(jù)下文“你可能有一些已經(jīng)閱讀過但不想再保存的書籍。那么你可以賣這些書來掙錢?！笨芍?應(yīng)該選擇A項。 5.F根據(jù)“Win a scholarship.”可知,這個掙錢的方法可以鼓勵孩子們努力學(xué)習(xí)以取得更好的成績。,長難句This includes dealing with money,understanding and getting along with

51、 other people.這包括處理金錢、理解他人和與他人相處。 這是一個簡單句,dealing with money,understanding and getting along with other people作動詞includes的賓語。 重點詞匯adult n.成年人;prize n.獎勵 詞匯積累scholarship n.獎學(xué)金,Passage 3(2018吉林長春,D) Whether its one day off or a week, you dont need to be among people to have a great time. 1.You can spe

52、nd your holiday on your own doing something you have no time to do in your ev-eryday life. Eat your favorite foods. They can bring you much pleasure for sure. You can make a healthy meal at home. Cook something you love but usually dont have time to make. Instead of having meals at home, you can als

53、o go to a local restaurant for something special. Eat it there, or bring it home. 2. Stay away from technology. You may have a chance to find the real beauty of life. Maybe you cant help playing with your smartphones all day while you are on holiday alone. Why not create more time to go hiking, fly

54、kites or do some other outdoor activities?3.,4.You can go shopping, see a film, or take a class. Take your time to search for something even small that you want. Going to see a movie or a show alone can be a fun experience. Use your holiday as a chance to try something new like dancing or painting.

55、5.Leave your worries behind and try to be master of your own, but remember that nothing is more important than safety. 閱讀短文,把AE五個句子填入文中空缺處,使短文內(nèi)容完整。 A.Try to find something new and fun to do. B.Whether you eat out or cook at home, enjoy! C.Being alone can also be relaxing and amazing. D.All in all, r

56、elax and have a wonderful holiday. E.In this way, you will have chances to be close to nature.,答案 語篇解讀假如你有一天或一周的假期,你不需要在人群中獲得快樂,獨自一人也可以做一些平時沒有空做的事來讓自己開心。文章介紹了幾種獨自開心度過假期的方法。 1.C由后一句“You can spend your holiday on your own.”找到語義連貫的語句C。 2.B由第二段內(nèi)容可知,本段介紹自己在家做飯或去飯店吃特別的東西,因而要選擇與之內(nèi)容相關(guān)的B項。 3.E因為前一句“Why not c

57、reate more time to go hiking, fly kites or do some other outdoor ac-tivities?”與選項E中的close to nature相呼應(yīng),故選E。 4.A因本段的最后一句中的try something new與選項A中的find something new and fun to do語義相吻合,故選A。 5.D本段是全文的總述段。D項“All in all, relax and have a wonderful holiday.”與該段總結(jié)內(nèi)容相吻合,故選D。,長難句Maybe you cant help playing wi

58、th your smartphones all day while you are on holiday alone.或許當(dāng)你獨自度假時,你會忍不住整天玩你的智能手機。 本句為主從復(fù)合句。while引導(dǎo)的是時間狀語從句,主句中you為主語,謂語部分為cant help playing with。cant help doing sth.意為“禁不住做某事”。 重點詞匯among prep.在當(dāng)中favorite adj.最喜歡的healthy adj.健康的pleasure n.樂趣,A good memory is often seen as something that comes natu

59、rally, while a bad memory as some-thing that cannot be changed. In fact, there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. Here are some tips(貼士)for you. 1. We all remember the things we are interested in, and always forget the ones that bore us. This ex-plains the reason why schoolboys remember football results easily but struggle(掙扎)with dates from their history lessons! Develop an active interest in what you want to remember. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questionsthe more, the better!,Passage 4(2018湖南長沙) 閱讀下面的短文,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項補全短文。選項中有一項為多