1、Unit 1 FriendshipPeriod 6 &7 Grammar-賓語從句之直接引語和間接引語一.【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1. 了解直接引語和間接引語，掌握陳述句，一般疑問句和特殊疑問句由直接引語變間接引語的用法。2. 重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)賓語從句在使用中應(yīng)注意的要點(diǎn)：一連詞，二語序，三時(shí)態(tài)。二.【自主預(yù)習(xí)】I. Finish Exercise 1, 2, 3 on Page 4 in the textbook.II. Grammar: Direct and Indirect SpeechStep 1 定義： 直接引語：直接引用別人的原話，并在原話前后加引號(hào)(“ ”)。 間接引語：用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，多數(shù)

2、以賓語從句的形式構(gòu)成。 He said: It is too late. - He said it was too late.Step 2 直接引語與間接引語相互轉(zhuǎn)化時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問題:1. 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動(dòng)詞的變化。直接引語間接引語指示代詞thisthesethatthose時(shí)間狀語nowtodayyesterdaytwo days / years agolast week / month this week / year /termtomorrownext yearthenthat daythe day beforetwo days / years _the week /mon

3、th _that week / year / termthe next / following day_ year地點(diǎn)狀語herethere動(dòng)詞comebringgotake2. 時(shí)態(tài)變化。直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去時(shí)態(tài)，間接引語的時(shí)態(tài)要變化; 當(dāng)主句是 _，間接引語可以用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。其規(guī)律如下表。直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)不變將來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來完成時(shí)過去將來完成時(shí)注意：(1). 直接引語為客觀真理時(shí)，間接引語時(shí)態(tài)不變，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) eg. The teach

4、er told us: The moon moves round the earth. - The teacher told us (that) the moon _ round the earth.(2). 直接引語為一般過去時(shí)并且與具體時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，間接引語仍用一般過去時(shí)。eg. She said: I went to England in 1998. - She said she _ to England in 1998.(3). 主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，間接引語時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)不變。 e.g. He says: I bought you a book yesterday. - H

5、e says that he _ me a book yesterday.3. 人稱的變化。一句順口溜“一隨主, 二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”?！?。1) She said, My brother wants to go with me. - She said _.2) He said to Kate, How is your sister now?- He asked Kate _.3) Mr Smith said, Jack is a good worker. - Mr Smith said Jack _ a good worker.4. 句式上的變化(1) 陳述句變間接引語時(shí)，用that連接,

6、 that可以省略。但_。 e.g. She said: I am a girl. - She said (that) _ a girl.(2) 一般疑問句，選擇疑問句和反意疑問句變間接引語時(shí)，要用_語序，并要加連詞if或whether。e.g. She asked me: Are you Mr. Li? - She asked me if I was Mr. Li.She asked us: Do you want to go on a picnic? - She asked us_ go on a picnic. He asked me, “Will you go abroad or st

7、ay in Beijing?”- He asked me _ go abroad or stay in Beijing.(3) 特殊疑問句變間接引語要用特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo),要用_語序.e.g. How much have we spent on petrol this year? Susan asked her husband. Susan asked her husband how much _ petrol that year. (4) 祈使句變間接引語，一改二變?nèi)铀娜ァＲ桓模簊aid (to) 改為asked或told, ordered等二變：said to 的賓語或呼語變?yōu)閍sked等的

8、賓語三加：即在動(dòng)詞原形前加to，使成為動(dòng)詞不定式四去：去掉pleasee.g. He said to her, Dont take the book away. - He _ take the book away.三.【合作探究】I. 將所給直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞。1. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.2. “I met her yesterd

9、ay.” he said to me.He _ me that _ met her the day _.3. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ _ _ _ her the week before.4. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 5. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She _ me _ _ tell him the news. II. 請(qǐng)根據(jù)句意選擇合適的連接詞填空。1. Fathe

10、r asked Anne _ she had gone to bed so late the night before.2. Anne said _ she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.3. Mother asked her _ she was very hot with so many clothes on.4. Tom asked _ could give the message to his mother.5. -We dont know _ he is. -They say he is much better these days.III. 請(qǐng)完成下列句子。1. Annes sister asked her _. (call) Anne的妹妹問她把她的日記叫作什么。 2. I wonder _.（how）我想知道他兄弟多大年紀(jì)。 3. Please tell me _ _.（hear）請(qǐng)告訴我他