1、,Period Two,Learning about Language,Warming Up,Test ourselvesPlease change the direct speechinto indirect speech,1. He said, “Im going to Beijing tomorrow. He said he was going to Beijing the next day. 2. “What a lovely girl!” they said. They said she was a lovely girl. 3. He asked, “Are you a teach

2、er?” He asked me if I was a teacher. 4. “This is the craziest thing I have heard of so far,” she thought. She thought that was the craziest thing she had heard of so far. 5. Mr Wang said, “I was born in China in September, 1972.” Mr. Wang said he was born in China in September, 1972.,6. She said, “T

3、hey had left when I arrived there.” She said they had left when she arrived there. 7. She says, “Liu Fang is good at English.” She says Liu Fang is good at English. 8. He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.” He said the plane takes off at 6:30 am. 9. He said, “Where there is a will, the is a way.

4、” He said where there is a will, there is a way. 10. “ How much do you think it will cost?” he said. He asked me how much I thought it would cost.,Open your books.,Please open your books.,Can you open your books please?,Could / would you please open you books?,command,request (polite),request (polit

5、e),request (polite),Request and command,Change the commands into requests.,Close the door! Get me something to drink Take the dog for a walk! Speak louder! Clean your room. Watch out! Keep silent!,1. You want to close the door, but you cannot do it by yourself. How do you do it politely? 2. You are

6、standing in the middle of a train carriage and you need to leave. How do you do politely? 3. A bear is about to approach a boy. What do you say to him to make sure that he wont be hurt. 4. A boss wants the secretary to type a letter for him. What will he do? 5. Your father wants you to turn off the

7、TV. What will he do?,Give requests or commands according to the following situations.,“Open the window,”the teacher said to the students .,(command),The teacher told the students to open the window.,“Dont open the window,” the teacher said to the students.,The teacher told the students not to open t

8、he window.,Change a command into an Indirect Speech.,told sb. (not) to do sth.,“Open the window, please,” the teacher said to the students.,(requests),The teacher asked the students to open the window.,“Dont open the window ,please,” the teacher said to the students.,The teacher asked the students n

9、ot to open the window.,Change a request into an Indirect Speech.,ask(ed) sb. (not) to do sth.,Presentation,1. 陳述句的間接引語連接詞用that, 在 口語中可省略。引述動詞用said, told,等。 例如： He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” He told me that he had left his book in his room.,復習規(guī)律,2.疑問句的間接引語。一般疑問句后連接 詞用if或whether，而引述選擇疑問句時 只能

10、用whether，引述動詞用asked，沒 有間接引語的可以加一個間接賓語me, him等。 例如： She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.,3. 特殊疑問句用原句中的疑問詞作連接詞，改為陳述語序。例如：, The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.,The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”,4.如何變時態(tài)： 直接引語 間接引語,一般現(xiàn)在時 一般將來時 現(xiàn)在進行時 一般過去時 現(xiàn)在完成

11、時 過去完成時,一般過去時 過去將來時 過去進行時 過去完成時 過去完成時 過去完成時,如： 1) She said. “I have lost a pen.” She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. “We hope so.” She said they hoped so. 3) She said. “He will go to see his friend.” She said he would go to see his friend.,但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)一般不變化。,(1)直接引語是客觀真理。 “The

12、earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth .,(2) 直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時, 時態(tài)不變。 Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 21, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April

13、 20, 1980.,(3)直接引語中被引述的部分是反復出現(xiàn)的,習慣性的動作或說話時情況仍然存在的,變間接引語時, 時態(tài)保持不變。,The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”, The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.,(4) 若直接引語中含有when, since, while等引導的表示過去的時間狀語從句，變間接引語時，從句時態(tài)不變。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.” She said

14、 she had gone there when she was six years old.,(5) 若直接引語的謂語中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等動詞時。如： She said, “We should help each other.” She said we should help each other.,5. 如何變狀語： 直接引語變間接引語，狀語變化有其內(nèi)在規(guī)律，時間狀語由“現(xiàn)在”改為“原來”例: now變?yōu)閠hen, yesterday變?yōu)?the day before, today變?yōu)閠h

15、at day。 地點狀語, 尤其表示方向性的, 或用指示代詞修飾的狀語, 由“此”改為“彼”,(例: this 改為that), 如： He said, These books are mine. He said those books were his.,指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語的變化: this that; these those ; now then; yesterday the day before; today that day; tomorrow the next day; next week (month, year) the next week (month, year);

16、 ago before; here there,祈使句的間接引語采用 “動詞+賓語+不定式”結構。 told/asked/orderedsb. (not) to do sth.,祈使句的直接引語和間接引語,如果祈使句是表示請求，間接引語的動詞常用ask，如果是表示命令，間接引語的動詞常用tell, order, command等。,不定式 The officer ordered him not to leave his post.,that 引導的賓語從句 I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.,that/what/how引導的賓語

17、從句 He said that he was very happy. He said how happy he was.,例如: 1.The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” ,The mother asked Tom to get up early.,2.The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”,The teacher told the students not to waste their time.,例如： He said, Lets go to the film.

18、 He suggested going to the film. 或He suggested that they should go to see the film.,直接引語如果是以“Lets”開頭的祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常用 “suggest +動句詞（或從句）?！?Exercises,Change the requests and the commands into Indirect Speeches,“Shut up,”she said to him.,He asked her to speak louder.,She told her to try the lift.,“Dont

19、 wait for me,” he said to them.,She told him to stop wasting the time.,“Can you tell me a story?” the girl asked her father.,She told him to shut up.,“Speak louder, please,” he said to her. “Can you speak louder?” he asked her.,“Try the lift,” she said to her.,He told them not to wait for him.,“Stop

20、 wasting the time,” she said to him.,The girl asked her father to tell her a story.,“Follow his instructions,” she said to me. She told me to follow his instructions. “Please could you come to the reception desk?” she asked him. She asked him to go to the reception desk. She asked him if he could go to the reception desk. He ordered/told the clerk to change his dirty uniform “Change your dirty uniform!” he said to the clerk.,“Can you lend me five yuan?” he asked me. He asked me to lend him five yuan. He asked me if I could lend him five yuan. The Eng