1、電子商務(wù)專業(yè)英語（3）,郝曉玲 2009.9,專題2 科技英語閱讀難點與翻譯技巧,B.2復(fù)雜定語(從句)的譯法,例如： 例1. A stack is a data type whose major attributes are determined by the rules governing the insertion and deletion of its elements. 譯文：棧是主要性質(zhì)由支配其元素的插入與刪除的規(guī)則來決定的一種數(shù)據(jù)類型。 譯文中，動賓之間所含內(nèi)容過多，形成“大肚子”句，行文不暢。 改譯：棧是這樣一種數(shù)據(jù)類型，其主要性質(zhì)由支配其元素的插入與刪除的規(guī)則來決定。,例2.

2、 A fast and accurate symbol manipulating system that is organized to accept, store, and process data and produce output results under the direction of a stored program of instruction is a computer. 原譯：一種能夠接收、存儲、和處理數(shù)據(jù)，并能在存儲指令程序控制下產(chǎn)生輸出結(jié)果的快速而準(zhǔn)確地處理符號的系統(tǒng)叫做計算機。 由于譯文主語較長，所以句子顯得有點“頭重腳輕”，讀起來感到不夠順暢。 改譯：一種快速而準(zhǔn)

3、確地處理符號的系統(tǒng)叫做計算機，它能夠接收、存儲、和處理數(shù)據(jù)，并能在存儲指令程序控制下產(chǎn)生輸出結(jié)果。,一、先提后述法,此譯法適用于結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的并列長定語(從句)。翻譯時，首先用“這樣(的)”、“這樣一些”、“下列(的)”等詞語概括所有修飾成分，然后分別敘述各個修飾內(nèi)容。用這種方法翻譯的譯文，重點突出、條理清楚。在許多情況下，這是一種翻譯并列長定語(從句)行之有效的方法。,例如： 例1. A computer is an electronic device that can receive a set of instructions, or program, and then carry out t

4、his program by performing calculations on numerical data or by compiling and correlating other forms of information. 譯文：計算機是一種電子裝置，它能接受一套指令或程序，并通過數(shù)據(jù)運算，或收集和聯(lián)系其他形式的信息來執(zhí)行該程序。 (比較：計算機是一種能接受一套指令或程序，并通過數(shù)據(jù)運算，或收集和聯(lián)系其他形式的信息來執(zhí)行該程序的電子裝置),例2. A sound card is a printed circuit board that can translate digital in

5、formation into sound and back, that plug into a slot on the motherboard (the main circuit board of a computer) and is usually connected to a pair of speakers. 譯文：聲卡是一塊印刷電路板，它能把數(shù)字信息譯為聲音，也能把聲音變?yōu)閿?shù)字信息，它插在母板(計算機主電路板)上的槽內(nèi)，而且通常連接一對喇叭。 (比較：聲卡是一塊能把數(shù)字信息譯為聲音，也能把聲音變?yōu)閿?shù)字信息，插在母板(計算機主電路板)上的槽內(nèi)，而且通常連接一對喇叭的印刷電路板。),例4.

6、 The World Wide Web is one of the Internets most popular services, providing access to over one billion Web pages, which are documents created in a programming language called HTML and which can contain text, graphics, audio, video, and other objects, as well as hyperlinks that permit a user to jump

7、 easily from one page to another. 萬維網(wǎng)是因特網(wǎng)最流行的服務(wù)之一,提供對超過10億網(wǎng)頁的訪問，這些網(wǎng)頁是由一種叫做HTML(超文本鏈接標(biāo)示語言)的編程語言生成的文件，它們可以包含本文、圖形、聲頻、視頻和其他的對象、以及允許用戶容易地跳躍到其他網(wǎng)頁的“超鏈接”。,二、先述后提法,此譯法是“先提后述法”的倒置。也就是先敘述中心詞(組)的修飾內(nèi)容,最后用“這樣的”、“這一切”、“這種”、“這些”等詞語予以呼應(yīng)。對于科技英語文獻，這往往也是一種翻譯長定語或定語從句的有效方法。例如：,例1. The fact that the Government may have f

8、ormulated, furnished, or in any way supplied the said drawings, specifications, or other data is not to be regarded by implication 譯文：政府可能已經(jīng)系統(tǒng)地闡述、提供或以某種方式供應(yīng)了上述圖紙、規(guī)范或其他資料，但這樣的事實并非暗示 (比較：政府可能已經(jīng)系統(tǒng)地闡述、提供或以某種方式供應(yīng)了上述圖紙、規(guī)范或其他資料的這一事實，并非暗示是),例2. The way in which a number of processor units are employed in a

9、single computer system to increase the performance of the system in its application environment above the performance of single processor is an organizational technique. 譯文：將許多處理器組成單一的計算機系統(tǒng)，從而提高該系統(tǒng)在其運行環(huán)境中的性能，使其超過單個處理器的性能，這種方法稱為組織技術(shù)。 (比較：將許多處理器組成單一的計算機系統(tǒng)，從而提高該系統(tǒng)在其運行環(huán)境中的性能，使其超過單個處理器的性能的方法稱為組織技術(shù)。),例4.

10、Each publication maintains its own editorial policy but, by and large, articles that report research results from a practical viewpoint or describe application of new technology or procedures to existing problem merit publication. 譯文：每種出版物都有各自的編輯原則，但一般來說，從實用觀點報道研究成果，或描述新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，或描述存在問題的過程，這樣的文章都是值得出版的

11、。 (比較：每種出版物都有各自的編輯原則，但一般來說，文章從實用觀點報道研究成果，或描述新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，或描述存在問題的過程是值得出版的。),Chapter three new words,abstract,In This chapter, will talk about retailing in EC. We will study the definition of e-tailing; the basic models of e-tailing; the strategy principles of traditional retailers; know more about the onl

12、ine travel operation, online employment market, online real estate, online insurance, online stock market, online banking and online personal finance.and also we will study a new word “on-demand delivery” ;,Secondly, we will talk about the delivery of digital product and online entertainment; the di

13、fferent e-tail consumer aids . in the end, we will identify the critical success factors for direct marketing and e-tailing.,From this chapter, we will be able to :,1)Know more about the king of e-tailing -A ; and the definition of e-tailing 2)Define the basic business models of e-tailing : 3)Identi

14、fy the principles of “click-and mortar” strategies for traditional retailers 4)Know more about the online travel operation, online employment market, online real estate, online insurance, online stock market, online banking and online personal finance.,From this chapter, we will be able to :,Underst

15、and the meaning of on-demand delivery Know what is included in e-tail consumer aids What is the critical success factors for direct marketing and e-tailing. Can give examples for reintermediation, channel conflicts, and personalization in e-tailing,Chapter three 3.13.3difficult words,TEXT-Difficulti

16、es Explanations,P95-The statistics for the volume of . P97-the internet offers an open . P98-The term is used to refer to . P103-Therefore, many experts suggest P106-Travel authorization software P106-One online service that is trying to .,questions,What product characteristics decide higher sales v

17、olume? Which classification have the e-tailing ? Give examples to explain three models,What services can not be provided by traditional agencies? Please explain what is “l(fā)ast minute trips” What kind of special services can we get from online travel ? What are the benefits and limitations of online travel services? Please give me a example to explain how to