1、If you were the only girl in the worldand I were the only boy!Nothing else would matter in the world todaywe could go on loving in the same old way!A garden of Eden just made for twowith nothing to mar our joyI would say such wonderful things to youthere would be such wonderful things to doIf you we

2、re the only girl in the worldand I were the only boy!,The subjunctive mood 虛擬語(yǔ)氣,語(yǔ)氣,英語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞一般可帶有三種不同的語(yǔ)氣：陳述語(yǔ)氣，祈使語(yǔ)氣和虛擬語(yǔ)氣。不同的語(yǔ)氣用動(dòng)詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式）來(lái)表示。,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來(lái)表示說話人所說的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中)；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等 (在賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句)。,虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念,一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中,If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過去式 （動(dòng)詞be用were)

3、,主語(yǔ)+should,would, might,could動(dòng)詞 原形,If+主語(yǔ)+had +過去分詞,主語(yǔ)should, would, might, could have done,1、If+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式 2、If+主語(yǔ)+were to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 3、If+主語(yǔ)+should +動(dòng)詞原形,主語(yǔ)should, would might, could動(dòng)詞 原形,。,觀察并分析下列句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，判斷是與什么時(shí)態(tài)相反的虛擬語(yǔ) 1. If I knew her number, I could ring her up. 2. If I were you，I would help the teacher.

4、 3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the test. 4. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she had come, she would have met my brother. 5.If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 6.If you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting,eg:If I had time, I would a

5、ttend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America.,如果我是你，我就會(huì)努力學(xué)習(xí),如果我知道他的電話號(hào)碼，我就給他打電話了,如果明天下雨的話，我們會(huì)取消比賽,If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons.,If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him.,If it should / were

6、 to rain, we would call off the match.,More practice:,省略句 在條件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式,If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. If it sh

7、ould rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.,使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點(diǎn)：,當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為：錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.,If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student no

8、w.,如果你聽我的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)痊愈了,如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)的話，你現(xiàn)在就會(huì)是大學(xué)生了,含蓄條件句,含蓄條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣暗含在短語(yǔ)，或上下文中，不用從句表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。必須根據(jù)句意及某些特定的信息詞來(lái)判斷此時(shí)應(yīng)采用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。英語(yǔ)中可用 without, but for, or, otherwise, but, though , 等引導(dǎo)含蓄式虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 Eg. Without electricity, the life of people would be quite different today. I should have given you more help, but I was too

9、busy. He called me to informed me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.,More practice: But for the help of my teacher ,I the first prize in the competition . A would not win B would not have won C would won D would have won 2. Without Chinas family planning policy, the worlds sev

10、en billionth person five years ago. A would be born B was born C would have been born D had been born 3. I support him in time ,otherwise he off the bike. A had fallen B would fall C could fall D would have fallen,B,C,D,二、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞從句中的運(yùn)用,（1）用于賓語(yǔ)從句,、wish 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中。 一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為：,表現(xiàn)在過去時(shí)

11、表過去過去完成時(shí) 表將來(lái)would, might, could動(dòng)詞原形,I wish (that) I were a bird. I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I would/could go.,2.用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。,insist, suggest, advise, recommend, propose, require, request, demand, order, command ，desire, urge, etc.,We suggested that the me

12、eting (should) be put off.,They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.,注意：suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時(shí)，insist 表示”堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為“之意時(shí)，應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣。,The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.,The man insisted that he had never stolen the money.,他臉上的表情表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意,那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說他沒有偷錢,在 insistence /sugge

13、stion / advice / proposal recommendation / requirement / request /demand / order / command /desire / idea 等名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用“should動(dòng)詞原形”should可以省略,（2）用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句,My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it.,My suggestion that we (should) have a meeting has been accepted by others.,

14、We all agree to his advice that the meeting (should) be put off. His proposal is that we should do it ourselves.,A.在句型 “It is important (necessary, strange, natural, essential, advisable, desirable, urgent ) that . ” 中，that 后面的從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用： should + 動(dòng)詞原形 我們有必要出去散散步。 Its necessary that we should have a

15、walk now. 2 她這樣做是很自然的。 Its natural that she should do so. 3 重要的是我們要照顧好病人。 Its important that we should take good care of the patient.,（3）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 在主語(yǔ)從句中,B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required. that-clause句型中從句用(should )+動(dòng)詞原型 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. It is recommended that p

16、arents should not allow their children under 12 to ride bikes to school for safety.,C. 在 It is a pity /a shame/ no wonder that.句型中從 句也常用(should )+動(dòng)詞原型 Its a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.,1. It is (high / about ) time that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 過去式 或 should動(dòng)詞原形，should不能省略,三、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在其他從句中,It is high time

17、 that you went / should go to school.,2. If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句（要是該有多好啊)表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過去式; 如果是過去的情況,應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài),If only I knew the answer! If only I had seen the film yesterday!,3. would rather / would sooner / would prefer + 從句動(dòng)詞用過去式或過去完成時(shí),I would rather you told me the truth. I would rather you had gone there la

18、st Sunday.,4. as if ( as though) 看起來(lái)常用虛擬形式，即表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用過去式；與過去事實(shí)相反用過去完成式 (had done)； 與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反，用過去將來(lái)時(shí)。,He treats /treated the boy as if he were his own son.,He behaved as if nothing had happened. He learns English so hard as if he would go to the USA.,5. even if ( even though)即使 也可用虛擬語(yǔ) 氣，其形式與從句在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的

19、形式相同,Even if he were here, he could not solve the problem.,Even if I had been busy then, I would have helped you. 試比較： It looks as if he wont arrive in time. Even if I have to walk all the way Ill get there. I like her even though she can be annoying.,.,6 虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在 in case , lest , for fear that 引起的句子中

20、，狀語(yǔ)從句表示“以防，以免”，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式常為 “ should +動(dòng)詞原形” eg. He took his raincoat with him in case it should rain. Bring some money in case you (should) use it. 7 虛擬語(yǔ)氣常用于表示祝愿的句子中，表祝愿時(shí)常用動(dòng)詞原形 或 May +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形 結(jié)構(gòu) eg. Long live the people! God bless you! May you succeed! 友誼萬(wàn)歲！ Long live the friendship! 祝你快樂！ May you be

21、happy!,Choose the best answer: It is strange that the little boy _ speak two foreign languages. A. could b. can C. should D. would 2. He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30pm. A. be finished B.will finish C. must be finished 3.He _ you more help,even though he was very busy. A, might have

22、given B. might give C.may have given 4.Without the leadership of the Party,there _no New China. A.would be B. has been C. should be D.was,C,A,A,A,5. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there. had been B. has been C. was D. has gone 6. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set 7. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. are B. were C. would beD. would have been 8. You _ come earlier. The bus left a moment ago. A. would