1、八年級(jí)英語（JJ下） 教學(xué)課件,Lesson 38: The World Is a Big Place,Unit 7,Learning Targets,Key words & phrases: planet, billion, total, increase, surface, Indian, Atlantic, Arctic, in total, one third, be covered with, two thirds Key sentences: 1. Can you point them out? 2. The earth is a very special planet, and

2、it faces a big problem.,3. In the year 2010, the worlds population was over 7 billion in total. 4. It is increasing very quickly. 5. And by 2050, the worlds population may reach 9 billion. 6. We cant live in water, and only about one third of our planet is land.,7. Antarctica is covered with snow an

3、d ice all year round. 8. The earth is our home now，and it will be our home in the future. 9. It has the highest point on the earth in the Himalayas. Grammar: passive voice,What problems the earth faces?,Warming up,Population problems,Environmental pollution,Poverty,Exhausted resource,planet billion

4、total increase surface Indian,n. 行星,n. 十億；千兆,n. 總計(jì)；總數(shù) adj. 總的；總計(jì)的,v. 增加；增大,n. 表面；表層,adj. 印度的 n. 印度人,Words and expressions,Atlantic Arctic in total one third be covered with two thirds,總計(jì)，合計(jì)，總共 三分之一 被覆蓋 三分之二,n. & adj. 太西洋（的）,adj. 北極的,How many continents are there in the world? What are they? What do

5、you know about the place where you live?,THINK ABOUT IT,Listen and read,Presentation,The earth is a very special planet, and it faces a big problem. In the year 2010, the worlds population was over 7 billion in total. It is increasing very quickly. By 2025, the world may have about 8 billion people.

6、 And by 2050, the worlds population may reach 9 billion.,There is another problem. People cant live everywhere on the earth. We cant live in water, and only about one third of our planet is land. But parts of this land are very dry. These dry places are called deserts. Some areas have very high moun

7、tains. Others have a lot of snow and ice. It is not easy to live in those places.,There are seven continents: Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica, Europe, North America and South America. Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. Luckily, people can live on the other six continents. On

8、 these continents, there are green forests, fresh water and rich lands.,Oceans cover two thirds of the earths surface. The earth has only one big ocean, but we use these names for its different parts: the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean. The Pacific Ocean is

9、the largest one. The earth is our home now, and it will be our home in the future. It must be treated well for our children and for our childrens children, too!,Lets Do It!,Read the lesson and match each paragraph with its main idea.,1,Paragraph 1 a. Six of the seven continents are Paragraph 2 b. We

10、 should treat the earth well. Paragraph 3 c. An increasing population is a big Paragraph 4 d. Two thirds of the earth is covered Paragraph 5 e. People cannot live everywhere on,b,e,a,d,c,good for people to live on.,problem for the earth.,with oceans.,the earth.,2,Fill in the blanks with the correct

11、forms of the words in the box.,1. The number of swimmers here is _ quickly because its very hot these days. 2. The school has a _ of 900 students. 3. I think it may be the _ season of the year. 4. The _ of our body is skin. It protects us. 5. How many _ of people are there in the world now?,increase

12、drysurfacebilliontotal,increasing,total,driest,surface,billions,Match the seven continents with their correct descriptions.,3,It is the biggest continent. It has the highest point on the earth in the Himalayas.,It is the second largest continent. Many elephants, giraffes, zebras and lions live there

13、.,It is the third largest continent. Canada, Mexico and the U. S. are the three major countries on this continent.,It is the fourth largest continent. There are 13 countries on this continent.,It is the fifth largest continent. The South Pole is on this continent.,It is the sixth largest continent.

14、It is a good place for people to travel to.,It is the smallest continent. You can find koalas and kangaroos there.,Europe,South America,Asia,Africa,Australia,Antarctica,North America,Europe,South America,Asia,Africa,Australia,Antarctica,North America,1. Can you point them out? point v指，指向。 常用短語：poin

15、t at指著；point out指出，說明。 例：He pointed out the dangers of driving alone. 他指出了單獨(dú)開車的危險(xiǎn)性。 Can you point out the mistakes in this picture？ 你能指出這張圖片中的錯(cuò)誤嗎？,Language points,2. The earth is a very special planet, and it faces a big problem. face v. 面臨；面對(duì)。 它在此作及物動(dòng)詞，后面可接人或表示困難、形勢、問題等的抽象名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。 例: You should f

16、ace the challenge bravely. 你應(yīng)該勇敢地面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)。,3. In the year 2010, the worlds population was over 7 billion in total. (1) billion n十億。其復(fù)數(shù)形式為billions。當(dāng)其前有具體的數(shù)詞時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式，表示確數(shù)；當(dāng)其前沒有數(shù)詞或由some, several, many等詞修飾時(shí)，用復(fù)數(shù)形式，且其后要接介詞of，表示概數(shù)。類似用法的詞還有hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百萬)等。,例: This company earns two billion

17、dollars a year. 這家公司一年要賺20億美元。 Billions of stars twinkled in the sky. 無數(shù)的星星在天空中閃爍。 (2) in total意為“總計(jì)，合計(jì)，總共”, 相當(dāng)于in all。 a total of 總數(shù)為 例: His sister has three hundred stamps in total. 他的姐姐總共有三百張郵票。 Our class has a total of 60 students.我們班總共有60人。,4. It is increasing very quickly. increase v增加；增大。 例：T

18、he number of the students in our school is increasing. 我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的數(shù)量正在增長。,5. And by 2050, the worlds population may reach 9 billion. by 2025 意為“到2025年為止”。 by在這里意為“到為止”。 例:Will you finish it by 10:00 p.m.? 晚上十點(diǎn)前你能完成它嗎？,6. We cant live in water, and only about one third of our planet is land. one third是分?jǐn)?shù)

19、，意思是“三分之一”。 分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法： 分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；當(dāng)分子大于1的時(shí)候，分母使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 例：one fifth 五分之一；one fourth 四分之一；three eighths 八分之三。,特殊表達(dá)法。 如：a half 二分之一；a quarter 四分之一；three quarters 四分之三。 注意：當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)在句中作主語的時(shí)候，若后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；若后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，則謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。,中考鏈接,Nowadays，_of the old people in the area _ used to dancing on the square

20、 after supper. (湖北恩施州中考) Atwo third；isBtwo thirds；isCtwo thirds；are,解析考查分?jǐn)?shù)的用法和主謂一致。 句意：如今這個(gè)地區(qū)三分之二的老年人已經(jīng)習(xí)慣于晚飯后在廣場上跳舞。 分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法為：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞；當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)，排除A。當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)作主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞與分?jǐn)?shù)后面的名詞保持一致。people是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故用are。 解題方法語法判定法,C,7. Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. (1) be covered with 被覆蓋。

21、 其主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)為：coverwith(用蓋住) 例：Our garden is covered with grass and flowers. 我們的花園被花草覆蓋著。 Please cover this desk with cloth. 請用布蓋住這張課桌。 (2) all (the) year round 全年，整年。,它相當(dāng)于all over the year。 例：Drunk driving is a problem all year round. 酒后駕車是個(gè)常年存在的問題。 8. The earth is our home now，and it will be our home in

22、 the future. 辨析 in the future與in future in the future 將來，未來。它所表示的將來是指以后的將來，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)從說話的這一刻開始。, in future 今后。它強(qiáng)調(diào)從說話時(shí)開始的以后，相當(dāng)于from now on。 9. It has the highest point on the earth in the Himalayas. 該句運(yùn)用了形容詞的最高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。 定義：表示三者或三者以上的人或物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，用最高級(jí)。 形容詞的最高級(jí)前面要加定冠詞the，副詞最高級(jí)前面的the可以省略。,在含有最高級(jí)的句子中，常有一個(gè)in/of短語來表示比較范圍

23、。 例: I am the tallest in our class. 我是我們班里個(gè)子最高的。 My movements are the most graceful of us three. 三個(gè)人中我的動(dòng)作是最優(yōu)雅的。,Grammar,被動(dòng)語態(tài) 被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動(dòng)作的承受 者，一般說來，當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作承受者，不必說出執(zhí)行者或執(zhí)行者含糊不清時(shí)，多用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。,1. These dry places are called deserts. 2. Antarctica is covered with snow and ice all year round. 3. It must be trea

24、ted well for our children and for our childrens children, too! 4. Its pronounced like the letter “A”.,被動(dòng)語態(tài)構(gòu)成,be + 過去分詞（ be隨著主語人稱和數(shù)以及時(shí)態(tài)的不同而變化） can / must / may / should + be + 過去分詞（含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)）,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)和一般將來時(shí)的主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)和被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) (以動(dòng)詞do為例),主動(dòng)語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： 主：We believe him. 被：He is believed by us. 一般過去時(shí)： 主：

25、He bought his children some pens. 被：Some pens were bought for his children by him. 一般將來時(shí)： 主：Everyone will know the truth soon . 被：The truth will be known by everyone.,學(xué)以致用,將下列主動(dòng)句變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句： 1. 人們認(rèn)為他很有才華。 主動(dòng): People regard him as brilliant. 被動(dòng): 2.孩子們熱烈地歡迎外賓。 主動(dòng): The children gave the foreign guests a warm

26、 welcome. 被動(dòng)： 3. 他們將問你許多怪題。 主動(dòng): They will ask you a lot of strange questions. 被動(dòng):,He is regarded as brilliant by people.,The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children.,You will be asked a lot of strange questions by them.,一、單項(xiàng)選擇,1. We have a lovely room. Its one of _ in the hotel. A.

27、nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest _ of the students are from the countryside. A. Third quarter B. Three quarters C. Three quarter D. Third quarters,Exercises,3. Who has _ marks in English, Wang Lin, Zhang Fang or Li Hong? Li Hong A. good B. better C. best D. the best 4. Hong Kong _ to be a good

28、place for eating today. A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known,5. Nick _ a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didnt take it. A. offered B. has offered C. was offered D. offers 6. Have you heard of Earth Day? Yes. The first Earth Day _ in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet. A. celebrates

29、 B. celebrated C. is celebrated D. was celebrated,7. More money _ when we use both sides of paper. A. will save B. was saved C. has saved D. will be saved 8. A new club _ in our school at the beginning of this year and now it has many members. A. starts B. is started C. has started D. was started,9. Our classroom _ every day. So it is. Its our duty to keep it clean and tidy. A. cleans B. is cleaning C. is c