1、短文七選五Gap Filling教學設計細節(jié)類型題設計教師：深圳奧斯翰外語學校 林海燕 教學年級：高中三年級課題名稱： 短文七選五Gap Filling細節(jié)類型題授課時間：40分鐘(一) 學情分析 本節(jié)課的教學對象是高三年級普通班的18名學生，他們已初步了解短文七選五的命題要求和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)類型題的解題方法：段首（主旨句、過渡句）；段中（找論據(jù)）；段尾（找論據(jù)、找結(jié)論、找過渡句）等。對于教師設置的任務，學生能夠獨立完成，或者以小組活動的形式完成。在閱讀技巧上，他們具備一定的用英語獲取、處理和運用信息的能力。（二）教學內(nèi)容分析本節(jié)課教學內(nèi)容是閱讀理解七選五閱讀填空題。該題型即提供一篇缺少5個句子的文

2、章，給出7個選項，要求學生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的選項，填入相應的空白處。七選五主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。這一考查題型對閱讀理解提出了更高層次的要求，即不僅要有閱讀速度，要對所讀文章的主旨要義、具體信息要有所了解，尤其重要的是掌握作者的寫作意圖，并能夠把握文章的寫作結(jié)構(gòu)和脈絡層次。 七選五文章結(jié)構(gòu)通常可以歸納為：提出問題解決問題。一般不在首句設空。設空類型包括：主旨（標題類、主題句類）；過渡性句子（考查文章結(jié)構(gòu)）；細節(jié)注釋性句子（考查上下文邏輯意義）。 這是一節(jié)高三復習課。復習的是七選五細節(jié)類型題的解題技巧。（三）教學目標(1) 知識目標：本節(jié)課先從

3、高考七選五題型“閱讀填空題”的基本特征入手，從而深入挖掘細節(jié)類型的閱讀填空題解題技巧。(2) 能力目標：主要通過練習設置，讓學生通過“觀察Observing、總結(jié)Tips、體驗Experiencing、鞏固Consolidation”完成各種學習任務，引導學生學會分析信息和處理信息，幫助學生形成知識條塊，提高學生解題技巧和能力，提高學生的實際應試能力，促進學生思維能力的發(fā)展。（四）教學手段 本課采用任務型教學法，設計由易到難的閱讀任務，從Observing, Tips, Experiencing到Consolidation，引導學生完成學習任務，達到教學目標。采用多媒體手段輔助教學。（五）教學

4、過程（Teaching procedures and learning activities）Step I A quick reviewPositions段首：Topic sentence段中：Key words similar words, conjunctions, pronouns, etc.段尾：Concluding sentence標題：Titles 大寫、簡短、結(jié)合全文小標題：Subtitles 短小精悍（多為名詞性從句、祈使句）設計意圖：讓學生快速回顧上節(jié)課所學知識，并未本節(jié)課進一步學習新的解題技巧做鋪墊。Step Presentationl Observing 1 AOn th

5、e other hand, the advantages of going overseas may include day-to-day opportunities to learn a new culture, meet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and chances to see different parts of the world. However, there may be a number of disadvantages. Those disadvantages include

6、expense, time away from ones school, family, or work life, and the challenge of adapting to a new culture and way of life.Bl CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. _There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting w

7、ith materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this

8、skill.A brief conclusionTip 1: 詞語復現(xiàn)法復現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對同一個概念進行重復描述。復現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復現(xiàn)、近義詞復現(xiàn)、反義詞復現(xiàn)等。 雙保險：上下文再核實一下Experiencing：1. Self Expression_There are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted b

9、y one more than another.EGardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.FWe can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.GBeing able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.2. By 2020, Dr. David Davis believes, car technology wil

10、l give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the cars windscreen. _Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar (牽引杠) to the car in front to form “roadtrains”.A. Every driver will use less fuel in the car he owns.B. The

11、 car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front.C. And it will not be owned by one individual.D. And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.l Observing 2 .half of shoppers refused to queue for more than five minutes in a high str

12、eet shop. The Internet, which allows shoppers to buy more goods, with just a click of the mouse, is one of the reason why peoples patience appears to be thin. _B. But it would seem we are no longer prepared to wait in line.C. More people prefer to click the mouse for shopping at home.D. As a result,

13、 food and drink sellers are having to find new ways to deliver good customer service.A brief conclusionTip 2: 詞匯同現(xiàn)法詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于跟此詞匯相關(guān)或同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章中共同出現(xiàn)，達到語義銜接的目的。你可以在選項中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達到快而準。一般來說，上下文中詞匯范疇越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。Experiencing：3. Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: Get support.

14、 When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to trusted adult, such as parents or other relatives. _ They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.E. You need to figure out what the problem is.F. And dont forget about your f

15、riends.G. Then, find a way to calm down.l Observing 3 _ Improved thinking abilities will help them to understand more both in academic sense and in as an individual. Always love yourself. A. Thinking is a skill.B. Creative thinking techniques can develop childrens mind.C. Thinking is a tool, and it

16、is something that can be sharpened.A brief conclusionTip 3: 代詞銜接英語表達中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或句子，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復數(shù)差異可以準確而快速地解題。Experiencing：4. _ They give more background and details. They also let you read parts that are important to you and skip the rest. A. Both television and the Internet

17、have many disadvantages.B. Other high-tech timesavers have similar disadvantages.C. Newspapers and magazines have some important advantages.5. _ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognise the real cause of the anger, an then decide if the cause is serious enough to get a

18、ngry about.E. Anger may cause you a cancer.F. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.G. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger.l Observing 4 _ Some choose it because of their religious beliefs. Others say it provides more time for the family to be together.

19、 They say home offers a better place for learning. Some parents.A. So a number of parents began home-schooling.B. Home schooling is not accepted by all the people.C. Parents choose home schooling for several reasons.D. Most often, their parents are their teachers.A brief conclusionTip 4:邏輯關(guān)系線索(a)因果關(guān)

20、系：because, since, as, thus, therefore, so, sothat,(b)并列與遞進關(guān)系: and, or, also, besides，first/firstly, second/secondly, then, finally, (c)轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系：but, however, yet, although(d)解釋例證關(guān)系：for example, in other words(e) 概括歸納關(guān)系：in short, in a word備注：過渡性句子可以從細節(jié)邏輯上判斷。Experiencing：6. This could be watching TV or

21、listening to music. Doing some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well as mentally tired. _ However, coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. A. So, whats a good sleep? B. A bedtime drink can also help. C. Having a good sleep will

22、 keep you lively the whole day.7. Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways._ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers.A. You must write your notes on separate paper

23、.B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.C. There are three practical note-taking methods.8. It seems urgent, that communications in transport should be improved. _ All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be

24、polite.A. Communication between human beings should also be kept smooth and polite.B. Yet this is all too often seen. C. The public should obey the rules.設計意圖：讓學生先通過“觀察Observing”發(fā)現(xiàn)解題方法，然后師生共同得出解題Tips，再讓學生進行體驗Experiencing，讓解題方法得到鞏固和升華。Brief summariesTIPSTip 1: 詞匯復現(xiàn)法原詞、近義詞、反義詞等Tip 2: 詞匯同現(xiàn)法同義語義場Tip 3:

25、代詞銜接those, it, that, he, Tip 4: 邏輯關(guān)系線索因果關(guān)系、并列與遞進、轉(zhuǎn)折讓步等 設計意圖：對本節(jié)課重點內(nèi)容的總結(jié)歸納，使學生能夠加深對細節(jié)類型題解題技巧的印象，并未下一步學習應用做好準備。Applying：Money MattersParents should help their children understand money._ 1 _so you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for exam

26、ple.1. The basic function of money Being explaining the basic function of money by showing how people trade money for goods or services. Its important to show your child how money is traded for the thing he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to th

27、e cashier ._2_when your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, you can start explaining more complex ways of using money.2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. _3_ If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain, You have enoug

28、h toy trucks for now. Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make a choice between this toy and that toy.”3. _4_ Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a producta name brand butter and a generic(無商標產(chǎn)品), for example. You can show your child how to make choi

29、ces between different brands of a product so that you can save money. _5_ If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases. A. Wise decisionsB. The value of money C. Pe

30、rmit the child to choose between them D. Tell your child why he can -or cannot-have certain thingsE. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to youF. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is

31、when he shows an interest設計意圖：使學生能夠把學到的解題技巧應用到篇章當中，并得以鞏固，為下一步練習做鋪墊。Consolidation：The next time you go into a bank, a store, or a supermarket, stop and listen. What do you hear? _1_ Its similar to the music you listen to, but its not exactly the same. Thats because this music was especially designed

32、to relax you, or to give you extra energy. Sometimes you dont even realize the music is playing, but you react to the music anyway. Quiet background music used to be called elevator (電梯) music because we often heard it in elevators. But lately we hear it in more and more places, and it has a new nam

33、e Muzak. About one-third of the people in America listen to Muzak everyday. The music plays for 15 minutes at a time, with short pauses in between. It is always more lively between ten and eleven in the morning, and between three and four in the afternoon, when people are more tired. _2_ If you list

34、en to Muzak carefully, you will probably recognize the many of the songs. Some musicians or songwriters dont want their songs to be used as Muzak, but others are happy when their songs are chosen. Why? _3_ Music is often played in public places because it is designed to make people feel less lonely when they are in an airport or a hotel. It has been proven th